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941.
多媒体环境中动机、意志和成绩的整合理论 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
动机、意志和成绩的整合理论(MVP)在宏观动机模式ARCS(Attention,Relevence,Confidence,Satisfaction)基础上发展而成,它囊括了动机意志模式中动机和行为的各个行动阶段——从目标确定到意志行动再到目标实现,有效地解释了从愿望到行动的进程。MVP还吸纳了行动控制理论、动机意志模式、阿斯特累特纳和威斯纳的多媒体与动机整合模式以及迈耶的多媒体学习理论中的合理成分,使动机加工成分得到了重新定位和补充,因而与ARCS相比,MVP更有利于综合地解释动机、意志、学习和成绩之间的复杂关系,更有利于进一步支持有关的理论构建、经验研究以及使用策略的开发与验证。 相似文献
942.
Lapidus M 《Health information and libraries journal》2007,24(4):267-273
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of the teaching collaboration between faculty and librarians in instructing pharmacy students on herbal medicines. METHODS: An elective course with an integrated library instruction component is described. Qualitative data on students' perceptions of library instruction were collected and analysed as the result of pre- and post-surveys. RESULTS: Based on the results of pre-test and post-test surveys, the number of students who felt they were able to select the best print and electronic resources for finding herbal information increased to 100% from 50 and 60 correspondingly. This indicated a significant change in students' perceived knowledge of information sources in the field of herbal medicine, as well as overall progress in information literacy and problem-solving skills. CONCLUSION: Team teaching by faculty librarians is an effective way of educating future pharmacists on the information resources in the field of complementary and alternative therapies. 相似文献
943.
Karami R Hosseini M Khodabandehloo F Khatami L Taiarani Z 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(12):1016-1023
Objective
The roles of gonadal hormones and nitric oxide (NO) on the analgesic effects of morphine, tolerance to morphine, and their interactions have been widely investigated. In the present study, the effect of l-arginine (an NO precursor) on morphine tolerance in sham and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice was investigated. 相似文献944.
The new prevalence data regarding the estimated global number of human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) cases, i.e., including people who are either aware or unaware of their HIV infection in 2010, lead many to wonder why the
increase in incidence has reached today’s unprecedented level and escalated within such a short time. This, in spite of prevention
campaigns in countries affected by HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with their urgent messages aimed at preventing
HIV transmission by promoting changes in individual’s behavior. This article analyzes the background of the prevention strategies,
in particular their political, social and legal concepts in terms of human rights, and reveals traits of human behavior not
considered thus far. A radical reappraisal is necessary, at social and legislative levels, as well as options additional to
current concepts. When ethical issues come up, they become blamed for outmoded moralistic positions. However, ignoring the
reality has led to dire consequences from prioritizing individual human rights over society’s collective need to prevent the
spread of HIV. 相似文献
945.
946.
In this paper, we report the clinical and molecular features of the distinct TGFBI (human transforming growth factor β-induced, OMIM No. 601692) gene-linked corneal dystrophy. Altogether, five pedigrees and
ten unrelated individuals diagnosed as corneal dystrophy were recruited. Peripheral venous DNA was extracted, and then amplified
by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and scanned for mutation by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Direct DNA
sequencing was used to analyze the mutations of the TGFBI gene. In our study, thirty patients from five pedigrees and ten sporadic patients were diagnosed as four TGFBI gene-linked corneal dystrophies of granular corneal dystrophy type I (GGCD I), Avellino corneal dystrophy (ACD), lattice
corneal dystrophy type I (LCD I), and lattice corneal dystrophy type IIIA (LCD IIIA), and in total, seven disease-causing
mutations, namely R555W, A546D, A546T, and T538P mutations in exon 12, R124H and R124C mutations in exon 4, and P501T mutation
in exon 11, were identified, while four polymorphisms of V327V, L472L, F540F, and 1665-1666insC were screened in exons 8,11,
and 12. The study ascertained the tight genotype-phenotype relationship and confirmed the clinical and genetic features of
four TGFBI gene-linked corneal dystrophies. 相似文献
947.
Zhao YE Guo N Xun M Xu JR Wang M Wang DL 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(12):998-1007
To identify sociodemographic characteristics and risk factor of Demodex infestation, 756 students aged 13–22 years in Xi’an, China were sampled for the school-based cross-sectional study. Demodex was examined using the cellophane tape method (CTP). The results showed that the total detection rate of Demodex was 67.6%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that five variables (gender, residence, sharing sanitary ware, frequency
of face-wash per day, and use of facial cleanser) were found to be uncorrelated with Demodex infestation, whereas three variables (age, skin type, and skin disease) were found to be independent correlates. Students
aged over 18 years had 22.1 times higher odds of Demodex infestation compared to those under 16 years and students aged 16–18 years also had 2.1 times higher odds compared to those
aged 13–15 years. Odds of having a Demodex infestation for oily or mixed skin were 2.1 times those for dry or neutral skin. Students with a facial skin disease had
3.0 times higher odds of being infested with Demodex compared to those without. The inception rate of students with facial dermatoses increased in parallel with increasing mite
count. The inception rates were 21.3%, 40.7%, 59.2%, and 67.7% in the negative, mild, moderate, and severe infestation groups,
respectively (χ
2=60.6, P<0.001). Specifically, the amount of infested mites and inception rate of acne vulgaris were positively correlated (R
2=0.57, moderate infestation odds ratio (OR)=7.1, severe infestation OR=10.3). It was concluded that Demodex prevalence increases with age, and Demodex presents in nearly all adult human. Sebaceous hyperplasia with oily or mixed skin seems to favour Demodex proliferation. Demodex infestation could be associated with acne vulgaris. The CTP is a good sampling method for studies of Demodex prevalence. 相似文献
948.
Digital technologies can improve student interest and knowledge in science. However, researching the vast number of websites devoted to science education and integrating them into undergraduate curricula is time-consuming. We developed an Adobe ColdFusion- and Adobe Flash-based system for simplifying the construction, use, and delivery of electronic educational materials in science. The Online Multimedia Teaching Tool (OMTT) in Neuroscience was constructed from a ColdFusion-based online interface, which reduced the need for programming skills and the time for curriculum development. The OMTT in Neuroscience was used by faculty to enhance their lectures in existing curricula. Students had unlimited online access to encourage user-centered exploration. We found the OMTT was rapidly adapted by multiple professors, and its use by undergraduate students was consistent with the interpretation that the OMTT improved performance on exams and increased interest in the field of neuroscience. 相似文献
949.
Incorporation of mathematics into biology curricula is critical to underscore for undergraduate students the relevance of mathematics to most fields of biology and the usefulness of developing quantitative process skills demanded in modern biology. At our institution, we have made significant changes to better integrate mathematics into the undergraduate biology curriculum. The curricular revision included changes in the suggested course sequence, addition of statistics and precalculus as prerequisites to core science courses, and incorporating interdisciplinary (math-biology) learning activities in genetics and zoology courses. In this article, we describe the activities developed for these two courses and the assessment tools used to measure the learning that took place with respect to biology and statistics. We distinguished the effectiveness of these learning opportunities in helping students improve their understanding of the math and statistical concepts addressed and, more importantly, their ability to apply them to solve a biological problem. We also identified areas that need emphasis in both biology and mathematics courses. In light of our observations, we recommend best practices that biology and mathematics academic departments can implement to train undergraduates for the demands of modern biology. 相似文献
950.
中俄的教育交流有着漫长而又跌宕起伏的历史,曾经历过半个多世纪的风风雨雨.1948年,苏联开始向中国派遣专家,帮助新中国经济建设.1948年至1966年间,苏联帮助中国培养了约25000名专业技术人员.其中,大部分专家已经担任中国的高级领导.随后两国关系进入了复杂的时期,教育交流逐渐减少了.直到90年代,中俄教育交流重新恢复,两国在教育领域签署了大量的合作协议,为两国的教育合作提供了制度化基础. 相似文献