教给方法 培养能力

教给写作方法，积累写作知识，是培养学生观察力、想象力、思维力和语言表达能力的一种行之有效的方法。     

自学单元程序教材介绍:化学键(二)

伸展在晶格内的离子键很强,因此从晶格中移走离子是困难的。由于这个原因,离子型化合物具有较高的熔点和沸点。存在于共价型固体或液体中的分子间的作用力没有这样强(除1～2例外),使分子聚集在一起的作用力布遍于固体中也是不强的。考虑下列的气化热:     

Access to postsecondary education through sign language interpreting

Despite the importance of sign language interpreting for many deaf students, there is surprisingly little research concerning its effectiveness in the classroom. The limited research in this area is reviewed, and a new study is presented that included 23 interpreters, 105 deaf students, and 22 hearing students. Students saw two interpreted university-level lectures, each preceded by a test of prior content knowledge and followed by a post-lecture assessment of learning. A variety of demographic and qualitative data also were collected. Variables of primary interest included the effects of a match or mismatch between student interpreting preferences (interpreting vs. transliteration) and the actual mode of interpreting, student-interpreter familiarity, and interpreter experience. Results clarify previous contradictory findings concerning the importance of student interpreting preferences and extend earlier studies indicating that deaf students acquire less than hearing peers from interpreted college-level lectures. Issues relating to access and success in integrated academic settings are discussed as they relate to relations among student characteristics, interpreter characteristics, and educational settings.     

情况调查——高师毕业生不愿当中学教师

高等师范院校的毕业生有相当一部分要流向中学教育战线,这本来是由高等师范学校的性质和中学教育的实际需要决定的。但是在我们最近对一些高等师范学校的应届毕业生及有关方面的调查中,强烈地感受到高师毕业生择业趋向严重扭曲,不愿去当中学教师已经成为一个迫切需要解决的问题。以某市两所最主要的高等院校为例。这两所学校每年招生3300人,毕业生约2100人。根据该市基础教育状况和有关部门的计划安排,两所学校每年分别有80%和45%的毕业生要被分配到中学任教。但据了解,这两年分配到中学任教的毕业生中大多数程度不同地存在着不愿当中学教师的情况。从对这两所院校的有关部门、初年级在校生、应届毕业     

Parameters in television captioning for deaf and hard-of-hearing adults: effects of caption rate versus text reduction on comprehension

Caption rate and text reduction are factors that appear to affect the comprehension of captions by people who are deaf or hard of hearing. These 2 factors are confounded in everyday captioning; rate (in words per minute) is slowed by text reduction. In this study, caption rate and text reduction were manipulated independently in 2 experiments to assess any differential effects and possible benefits for comprehension by deaf and hard-of-hearing adults. Volunteers for the study included adults with a range of reading levels, self-reported hearing status, and different communication and language preferences. Results indicate that caption rate (at 130, 180, 230 words per minute) and text reduction (at 84%, 92%, and 100% original text) have different effects for different adult users, depending on hearing status, age, and reading level. In particular, reading level emerges as a dominant factor: more proficient readers show better comprehension than poor readers and are better able to benefit from caption rate and, to some extent, text reduction modifications.     

Maltreatment perpetrators: a 54-month analysis of recidivism

OBJECTIVE: This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. METHOD: Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 4 1/2 years was analyzed. The sample included 31,531 perpetrators of intrafamilial maltreatment. Separate analyses were conducted for each type of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect). RESULTS: Bivariate relationships (substantiation status and recidivism) were analyzed using survival curves, and the study found that recidivism patterns differed by type of maltreatment and by substantiation status at the index event. Multivariate analyses using Cox Proportional Hazards models found that bivariate relationships held true even when controlling for neighborhood mean income, ethnicity, and gender. CONCLUSIONS: The study's finding that perpetrators whose index event was not substantiated return to the child welfare system at a high rate suggests the need to learn how to discriminate those unsubstantiated alleged perpetrators who are most at risk for recidivism. The finding of frequent cross-type recidivism indicates that intervention should focus on common themes across maltreatment types.     

Gesture as a window on children's beginning understanding of false belief

Given that gestures may provide access to transitions in cognitive development, preschoolers' performance on standard tasks was compared with their performance on a new gesture false belief task. Experiment 1 confirmed that children (N=45, M age=54 months) responded consistently on two gesture tasks and that there is dramatic improvement on both the gesture false belief task and a standard task from ages 3 to 5. In 2 subsequent experiments focusing on children in transition with respect to understanding false beliefs (Ns=34 and 70, M age=48 months), there was a significant advantage of gesture over standard and novel verbal-response tasks. Iconic gesture may facilitate reasoning about opaque mental states in children who are rapidly developing concepts of mind.     

替罪椅

15替罪椅@金伯年~~     

电脑杀手 齐佩在冷笑

齐佩在冷笑１刀刺进了枕头里，鹅毛四处乱飞！詹尼抽了个空朝插头那面墙爬去，使尽浑身力气将插头拔松了。所有的一切都消失了，屏幕恢复了灰色，布赖恩———不再是齐佩，松开了手指，小刀滑落到了地板上。詹尼赶紧将小刀收好，这才跪在布赖恩旁边，布赖恩一动不动地躺在地上。“布赖恩，你能听到我的声音吗？”詹尼轻轻地叫他。“发生了什么事情？”布赖恩很茫然地睁开眼睛，“我为什么会在这里？我，我……”“这正是我想问你的！”詹尼说。“我，我想睡觉！”布赖恩不敢正视姐姐的眼睛，怯怯地说。“是你插上电源的吗？”“是的。”布赖…