城乡教育回报率差异及区域分布特征——以1995-2018年中国家庭收入调查数据为证

利用1995-2018年五轮中国家庭收入调查数据,对城乡教育回报率进行测算,考查教育回报率的城乡和地区差异及其变化趋势,发现将外出务工人员和永久迁移至城市的人口重新划回农村样本后,农村地区的教育回报率显著上升.2018年,城市教育回报率为8.3％,农村教育回报率为5.8％,城乡教育回报率差异为2.5个百分点;相比2013年的5.8个百分点,城乡教育回报率差异明显缩小.在城乡教育回报率地区差异方面,经济发达省份的教育回报率较高,各省城镇地区的教育回报率差异有缩小趋势,但农村教育回报率的省际差异仍明显.将移民样本放回后,农村教育回报率的省际差异进一步上升.若以地级市为考查标准,在城镇和农村地区,各地级市间的教育回报率呈逐渐分散状态.这说明,教育回报率的地区差异更多体现在城市间而非省份间.应从园地制宜制定教育政策、加强劳动力市场建设以及充分利用科技力量提高教育质量入手,进一步缩小城乡、地区间教育回报率差距,为高质量发展创造更多人力资本红利.     

Serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor as a potential biomarker to evaluate therapeutic response in patients with allergic asthma: an exploratory study

Background: Previous studies have shown that macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. This study aimed to investigate whether serum MIF reflects a therapeutic response in allergic asthma.Methods: We enrolled 30 asthmatic patients with mild-to-moderate exacerbations and 20 healthy controls, analyzing the parameter levels of serum MIF, serum total immunoglobulin E(tIgE), peripheral blood eosinophil percentage(EOS%), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO). Lung function indices were used to identify disease severity and therapeutic response.Results: Our study showed that all measured parameters in patients were at higher levels than those of controls. After one week of treatment, most parameter levels decreased significantly except for serum tIgE. Furthermore, we found that serum MIF positively correlated with EOS% as well as FeNO, but negatively correlated with lung function indices. Receiver operator characteristic(ROC) curve analysis indicated that among the parameters, serum MIF exhibited a higher capacity to evaluate therapeutic response. The area under the curve(AUC) of MIF was 0.931, with a sensitivity of 0.967 and a specificity of 0.800.Conclusions: Our results suggested that serum MIF may serve as a potential biomarker for evaluating therapeutic response in allergic asthma with mild-to-moderate exacerbations.     

基于多传感器信息融合的乡村智慧诊所系统设计与实现

目的:为构建方便、舒适的治疗环境,基于多传感器信息融合构建乡村智慧诊所系统.方法:基于多传感器信息融合技术设计乡村智慧诊所系统,并对患者状态及诊所环境的实时监测.结果:通过对监测数据的可视化处理有效地提高了医疗工作的工作效率,优化了工作流程,对改善医疗资源不足的现状具有积极意义.基于离差平方和的自适应加权数据融合算法,使环境测量与控制更精准,为患者和家属带来了极大的便利.结论:为乡村诊所的信息化和智能化建设提供了切实可行的方案.     

基于超星学习通的卫生化学线上线下混合式课程建设研究

推进教学信息化,打造优质课程是加快建设教育强国的重要部署.本研究依托超星学习通平台,在卫生化学课程中开展线上、线下混合式课程建设,系统分析了混合式课程构建方法、课程评价,并提出了具体的改进建议,可为利用移动教学平台开展混合式教学提供理论指导和借鉴.     

学术争鸣和学术质疑是科学发展的动力

本文从回顾科学发展史角度,指出了学术争鸣和学术质疑在自然科学理论建造中的作用,并从改变观念、构建评价体系、促进不同学科融合等五个方面提出了建议,强调了在学术活动中贯穿科学批判精神的重要性。     

反向创新的概念辨析、路径划分与研究框架

不同于以往首先在发达国家创新后再向发展中国家传递的传统模式,反向创新特指专门为新兴市场开发的创新产品和服务在引入发达市场后也能获得采纳的创新形式与扩散路径,反映出新兴市场地位变迁、全球研发资源分布与创新成果跨国界流动的新趋势。本文在梳理创新全球化进程基础上,对反向创新与其他新兴市场创新的专有概念进行了辨析,描述了反向创新的主要实现路径,初步构建出该领域的研究框架,最后指出未来研究方向。     

Effect of radiotherapy on serum sialic acid level in carcinoma cervix

Serum sialic acid levels were determined in 66 patients of carcinoma cervix and 25 control women matched for age. Mean sialic acid level was significantly elevated (p<0.001) in cancer cervix patients as compared to controls. Patients were treated with 50–65 Gy of radiation in 5–6.5 weeks. Post-therapy levels were again determined. Radiotherapy caused decline in serum sialic acid level in all the patients except one. Mean post-therapy level was significantly lower as compared to pretreatment level (p<0.001). It was also observed that fall in sialic acid level was significantly higher (p<0.05) in early stage patients as compared to late stage. No relationship was observed in the dose of radiation and fall in serum sialic acid level. A significantly higher fall in serum sialic acid level was observed in patients having complete clinical response as compared to partial or nonresponders to radiation treatment (p<0.001).     

我国国债信用风险管理实证研究

对国债信用风险的研究是一个十分有意义的课题，它将唤醒人们对潜在的国家信用风险的重视。本文应用KMV公司信用风险管理的基本理念，利用我国1981～2002年国债债务的相关数据，对国债的信用风险进行了研究。结果表明：作为金边债券的国债是存在信用风险的，该风险与债务的发行规模息息相关，在中央财政收入一定的情况下，国债的信用风险将随着发债规模的扩张而急剧上升。     

基于项目负责人制的科研项目管理研究

针对科研项目的特性以及这些特性给科研项目管理带来的五大难题,提出应用项目负责人制来解决科研项目管理的问题,并从制度的层面对企业的研发结构进行重新设计,构建了基于项目负责人制的矩阵式科研管理模型.在此基础上,进一步分析了几种运行机制：团队内部沟通管理机制、权利分配机制、风险测评和监督保障机制.     

“带羽毛”的恐龙及鸟类起源

鸟类兽脚类恐龙起源说得到了来自世界各地化石证据的支持,而对公众产生最大影响的证据则来自中国带羽毛或者类似羽毛结构的恐龙化石.