中国马拉松赛事发展的空间分布与自相关特征研究

以2014-2019年全国31省份马拉松赛事举办量为研究数据,采用地理空间计量分析模型对我国各地区马拉松赛事发展的空间分布与自相关特征进行分析。结果显示:①31省份马拉松赛事发展的空间自相关关系总体上呈正相关,其分布具有明显的空间集聚性,且空间依赖性较强,但这种依赖程度和空间集聚性已有下降趋势。②我国马拉松赛事存在一定的空间异质性。东、西部马拉松赛事发展的两极差异明显,马拉松赛事发展的 “马太效应”逐渐增强。③新疆和东部沿海地区的马拉松赛事发展存在显著的空间集聚特征,但大部分地区并未与周边邻接地区形成显著的空间集聚关系,且这种情况多年来并未发生太大改变。在此基础上提出区域间合作办赛、向发展较差地区倾斜、以点带面等建议,旨在促进全国马拉松赛事整体发展。     

基于DEA的中国训练健身器材制造业经营效率分析

基于我国77家训练健身器材制造企业的财务数据,从中选取6项投入产出指标作为评价体系,运用数据包络分析（DEA）的模型和方法,对训练健身器材制造业生产经营的综合效率、技术效率、规模效率及规模收益等进行了测度与评价。结果表明：（1）训练健身器材制造企业的整体经营效率偏低,属于DEA有效的企业（公司）仅12家,DEA无效的则多达65家,说明各企业的经营效率普遍未达到投入和产出的最佳组合状态;（2）规模收益不变、规模收益递增、规模收益递减的企业分别有17家、28家及32家,表明绝大部分训练健身器材制造企业属规模无效状态,即该行业整体规模效率较低;（3）存在投入冗余和产出不足的训练健身器材制造企业高达54家。就投入角度而言,资产总计、销售成本、从业人数需改进的各为8家、2家与23家,从产出角度看,产成品产值、利润总额需改进的依次为27家和47家,销售收入则没有需要改进的企业。说明训练健身器材制造企业普遍存在投入冗余与产出不足的问题;（4）训练健身器材制造业的经营效率和产成品产值、利润总额之间存在相对较明显的相关性,企业经营效率与部分投入产出指标之间还具有一定的因果关联,反映出训练健身器材制造业应保持合理的投入产出结构及比例关系。最后,根据研究所得结论,提出相应的建议措施及未来展望。     

Earnings expectation and graduate employment: Evidence from recent Chinese college graduates

Chinese college graduates have faced increasing labor market competition since the expansion of tertiary education. Given rigid market demand, graduates with realistic earnings expectations may experience a more efficient job search. Using the 2008 MYCOS College Graduate Employment Survey, this study finds that a 1 000 yuan reduction in a graduate’s reservation wage can significantly increase the probability of finding a job by 66% and increase the likelihood of being employed six months after graduation by 92%. In addition, the gap between the reservation wage and the market wage has a positive impact. By slightly adjusting earnings expectations, college graduates can significantly improve job search efficiency. Market wages should be seen as reference points when adjusting income expectations.     

中国体育事业财政投入与经济增长关系的实证研究——基于1977～2010年的时间序列数据分析

基于1977～2010年的时间序列数据,采用单位根检验、协整关系检验及VAR模型等计量方法,对中国体育事业财政投入与经济增长的长期均衡和短期动态关系进行实证分析。结果表明:体育事业财政投入和经济增长的原始序列是非平稳的,属一阶单整(I1)序列。二者间存在长期均衡关系,体育事业财政投入对经济增长的长期弹性为0.8959。二者之间的短期非均衡状态逐渐向长期均衡状态趋近,体育事业财政投入对经济增长的短期弹性为-0.1058。体育事业财政投入是经济增长的Granger原因,二者间存在单向因果关系。短时期内体育事业财政投入和经济增长之间的"互促共进"效应未必立竿见影,但从长期来看,两者是能够实现互动融合发展的。经济增长除受自身波动冲击的影响外,一定程度上还受体育事业财政投入的影响,同时体育事业财政投入受经济增长的冲击效应也较明显。     

Early event‐related potentials differences in orthographic processing of native and non‐native Chinese readers

Efficient Chinese character reading requires rapid access to orthographic representations of radical form and position. This study identified the temporal sequence of radical form, radical position and lexicality processing in adult first language (L1) and intermediate second language (L2) Chinese readers. Event‐related potential responses in a one‐back repetition detection task were submitted to linear mixed‐effects models. Violation of radical position produced P100 effects that were left‐lateralized for L1 readers and right‐lateralized for L2 readers. When controlling for P100 activation, radical position produced a left‐lateralized effect at the N170 for L2 readers but no additional activities for L1 readers. Radical form effects were found at the N270 for L1 readers, where radical form violation produced larger N270. Results suggested that radical representations are position‐specific in initial orthographic processing for both groups. However, different temporal dynamics and topographic distributions suggested divergent radical processing for native versus non‐native readers from the beginning.     

Teacher Evaluation and Effectiveness in Hong Kong: Issues and Challenges

This article first provides an overview of teacher effectiveness and evaluation in Hong Kong. Several studies related to classroom environment and teacher behavior in selected subjects are referenced, as are recent studies of teachers instructional leadership. Finally, the preliminary use of the Revised Classroom Observation Instrument (RCOI) from the Louisiana School Effectiveness Study in three secondary schools is reported. The results from using the RCOI in Hong Kong indicate that some items may be irrelevant in the Hong Kong context (e.g., physical characteristics), while more items may be needed to reflect good teaching in Hong Kong (e.g., questioning skills). In addition, the potential use of teacher profiles to drive staff development and school improvement is explored.     

谈企业贯标与档案工作

企业贯标并不是什么新鲜的事情了,尤其是我国入世以后国内很多企业纷纷向中国认证中心申请认证,目的是提高本企业产品的质量信誉度,顺利进入国际市场。江西铜业集团公司作为省属特大型国有企业在2002年正式向中国认证中心申报了国际标准化认证,即推行ISO9001标准。公司所属档案     

某基坑施工对地铁五号线的保护措施

基坑开挖施工在地铁五号线采取了如下保护措施：对地铁隧道正上方的结构采用大梁托换的方法;采用分段开挖及恢复水位时分段回压;在水位恢复前用堆载预压,最后采用分层卸载。这些措施有效地保护了地铁五号线的正常运行。     

高等师范院校非师范本科生管理中的问题及对策

近年来,随着社会的发展,为了适应我国社会主义市场经济体制建立与发展的需要,有相当多的高等师范院校相继设置了一批非师范本科专业。这在一定程度上促进了高等师范院校向综合性大学发展,同时也给高等师范院校的改革和发展增强了活力,但是高等师范院校的非师范生却存在诸多困惑,从而引发一系列的问题,如何解决这些问题,需要高校教育工作者反思。     

在荒野里启航——从《樱花号方舟》看安部公房的归乡情结

被称为“日本战后文学异端者”的安部公房由于个人成长环境和经历的特殊,他对整个二十世纪的时代主题--家园的失落有着比其他作家更深刻的感受。因此从安部的作品中流露出了浓浓的归乡情结。他在作品中自觉且执着地站在时代形而上的高度,不断反映并且思考“无家可归”“失去故乡”的现代人的苦恼和生存的困境。