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141.
The exploratory study focused on describing typical routines of preparing for winter outdoor play with preschool children
and their teachers. Naturalistic observations, interviews and photographs resulted in extensive examples of children’s development
in cognitive understanding of winter and winter-related concepts. Observations of teachers and assistants revealed task-oriented
perspectives including detailed strategies and planning. Asynchronous communication and directive language were typical of
teacher/child communication. Photo analyses confirmed physical skills used by preschoolers to accomplish dressing tasks and
extensive curricular changes to indoor environments. 相似文献
142.
Radio is migrating to digital transmission, expanding its offerings to include captioning for individuals with hearing loss. Text display radio requires a large amount of word throughput with minimal screen display area, making good user interface design crucial to its success. In two experiments, we presented hearing, hard-of-hearing, and deaf consumers with National Public Radio stories converted to text and examined their preferences for and reactions to midsized and small radio text displays. We focused on physical display attributes such as text color, font style, line length, and scrolling type as well as emergency alert messages and emergency prompts for drivers, announcer identification schemes, and synchronization of audio and text. Results suggest that midsized, Global Positioning System (GPS)-style displays were well liked, synchronization of audio and text was important to comprehension and retrieval of story details, identification of announcers was served best with a combination of name change in parenthesis and color change, and a mixture of color and flashing symbols was preferred for emergency alerting. 相似文献
143.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of case-based learning instruction over traditionally designed
chemistry instruction on eleventh grade students’ epistemological beliefs and their attitudes toward chemistry as a school
subject. The subjects of this study consisted of 63 eleventh grade students from two intact classes of an urban high school
instructed with same teacher. Each teaching method was randomly assigned to one class. The experimental group received case-based
learning and the control group received traditional instruction. At the experimental group, life cases were presented with
small group format; at the control group, lecturing and discussion was carried out. The results showed that there was a significant
difference between the experimental and control group with respect to their epistemological beliefs and attitudes toward chemistry
as a school subject in favor of case-based learning method group. Thus, case base learning is helpful for development of students’
epistemological beliefs and attitudes toward chemistry. 相似文献
144.
Michael Fullan 《Journal of Educational Change》2011,12(2):141-145
Throughout his career, Andy Hargreaves has continuously pushed the boundaries of knowledge and practice in the field of educational
change. He has broken new ground so often that I have come to think of him as a “frontier man.” Andy has also been a generous
mentor to colleagues and students enhancing the level of scholarship and expertise in his field. His pioneering work around
the culture of teaching and school change has resulted in brilliant treatises that have prompted reflection and action among
educators over the years. In this tribute, I reflect on Andy’s work over the 25 years that I have known and collaborated with
him as a friend and colleague highlighting his contributions to the field of educational change as a researcher, writer, teacher,
and a highly respected consultant. 相似文献
145.
This article focuses on educational enterprises outside the formal sector, such as museums, botanical gardens and interactive
science centres. International research is drawn on to illuminate how design, culture, educational strategies and settings
combine to affect the way in which young people respond to experiences on offer, leading to analysis of the impact of such
settings in promoting learning, and the likely implications for those who staff such venues. Aikenhead’s concept of the educator
as ‘culture broker’ is developed to suggest ways in which learning might be best supported. It envisages a shift from ‘delivery’
strategies targeted at large groups towards approaches which focus on what learners choose to know about using dialogue between
children and ‘known and trusted people’. Analysis of observed responses in various settings is undertaken from a sociocultural
perspective using the notion of communities of practice. Implications for the roles of education managers and their staff
in further research are developed. 相似文献
146.
Using a sample of 867 students in Grades 5–12, the present study investigated whether students’ perceptions toward the instructional
environment in classrooms that employed Universal Design for Learning differed by school grade level and teacher gender. High-school
students in the study showed higher perception scores than upper-elementary or middle-school students in the personalisation
and participation aspect of the classroom environment. The results for teacher gender indicated that students in the study
perceived a more personalised classroom environment with female teachers than with male teachers. Policy implications and
methodological considerations are provided for future study. 相似文献
147.
Dr. Johannes Bauer Dr. Uta Diercks Prof. Dr. Jan Retelsdorf Dr. Tabea Kauper Dr. Friederike Zimmermann Prof. Dr. Olaf K?ller Dr. Jens M?ller Prof. Dr. Manfred Prenzel 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2011,14(4):629-649
The Bologna Process of higher education reform has led to a vast array of different programs of study in German teacher training. In this article, we firstly analyze the implementation of Bachelor programs in teacher training, comparing profession-oriented programs (i.e. those aiming to train students for the teaching profession from the beginning of studies) to polyvalent programs (i.e. those aiming at broad qualifications and including a late decision to become a teacher). Secondly, we investigate whether students enrolled in these study programs differ systematically in their subjective certainty about their career choice. To answer these questions, we analyze portfolios of documents related to teacher training programs from nine German universities that prepare students for teaching in the academic track. Additionally, we analyze data from N?=?2585 Bachelor and N?=?928 Master degree students. We found that most programs, even when they espouse polyvalence, require an early decision to become a teacher. Moreover, our data confirm findings from earlier studies indicating that student teachers are highly certain about their career choice from the very beginning, with students in polyvalent programs being slightly less certain than those in profession-oriented programs (d?=?0.32). 相似文献
148.
149.
The relationship between cognitive style and trainee teacher conceptions of differentiation was studied to develop appropriate
scaffolding of their learning. 149 trainee teachers enrolled on 1 year postgraduate initial teacher education (ITE) programmes
at two UK universities completed the Cognitive Style Index (Allinson and Hayes, Journal of Management Studies, 33(1):119–135,
1996; Hodgkinson and Sadler-Smith, Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 76(2):243–268, 2003) and a questionnaire exploring their understanding of differentiation, conceptions of learning and learning preferences.
A stratified sample of these trainees was also interviewed to assess their understanding and prior knowledge of differentiation
and learning styles and how they would plan for these in the classroom. Responses were coded using content analysis procedures.
Cognitive style was found to impact on trainees’ conceptions of differentiation; for example, trainees demonstrating higher
levels of analysis and intuition had a more developed understanding of differentiation than other cognitive styles. In relation
to the findings, the use of a constructivist pedagogical tool: a Personal Learning Styles Pedagogy (Evans and Waring, Zhang
& Sternberg (Eds.), Perspectives on the nature of intellectual styles, 2009) is presented to inform the reconceptualisation of ITE programmes. In so doing, the use of this tool addresses key issues
raised in recent international policy debates concerning the necessary development of ITE for twenty-first century learner
needs. 相似文献
150.
G?khan ?zsoy 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2011,12(2):227-235
The aim of this study is to determine fifth-grade students’ metacognitive knowledge and skills and its relationship with mathematics
achievements. A total of 242 primary school students from six different schools were participated in the study. Turkish version
of Metacognitive Knowledge and Skills Assessment (MSA-TR) was used to measure metacognitive knowledge and skills. The results
demonstrated a significant and positive relationship (r = .648, p < .01) between metacognition and mathematics achievement. Furthermore, research results showed that 42% of total variance
of mathematics achievement could be explained with metacognitive knowledge and skills. 相似文献