江苏农村厨余垃圾资源化处理模式研究

通过调查江苏省三个典型区域的乡镇生活垃圾转运站的转运量及物理组成,估算出全省农村厨余垃圾产生量,发现厨余垃圾与其他垃圾混合收集后焚烧处理,存在渗滤液、二次污染、转运及处理成本高等问题。对比了厌氧发酵、好氧堆肥、饲料化三种厨余垃圾资源化处理技术的主要运行参数、经济成本及适宜场景等特点,提出在充分调查研究的基础上,应结合地方自然条件、经济状况、人口密度、农业结构、运行维护水平等关键因素,选择厨余垃圾资源化处理模式。     

“Different than Us”: Othering,Orientalism, and US middle school students' discourses on Japan

This study critically examines the discourses of Japan as employed by young people in the United States. In particular, it analyses the free writings of US middle school students that were collected at three schools with different community environments (rural, urban, and suburban). The study identifies the features and styles of the discourse(s) that occur in the students' writings, examines the ways the discourse of Othering and Orientalism operate in these texts, and explores the specificity of contemporary American identity formation in relation to the imaginary boundary between Japan (“them”) and the United States (“us”).     

Instructional approaches to foster third graders’ adaptive use of strategies: an experimental study on the effects of two learning environments on multi-digit addition and subtraction

The adaptive use of strategies, that is selecting a strategy which allows an efficient solution for a given problem, can be considered as an important individual ability relevant in various domains. Based on models of subjects’ skills of adaptive use of strategies, two idealized instructional approaches are suggested to foster students in their strategy development. The explicit approach aims at reducing cognitive load by demonstrating and practicing strategies combined with an explicit identification of criteria for strategy efficiency by contrasting problem solutions. The implicit approach capitalizes on the generation effect and stimulates students to generate their own strategies and efficiency criteria based on the analysis of task characteristics and the comparison of problem solutions. In a 1-week experimental study (16 lessons) with 73 third-graders, we examined the effectiveness of these instructional approaches in the domain of multi-digit addition and subtraction. Results from post- and two follow-up tests after 3 and 8?months did not yield different effects of the two approaches on students’ skills in adaptive use of strategies. A comparison of strategies used by the students showed that the students of the explicit approach more frequently applied complex strategies whereas the students from the implicit approach showed a more sustainable use of self-generated strategies. Hence, for the adaptive use of those strategies students are able to generate, the implicit approach turned out to be more effective than the explicit approach. However, this generation effect does not hold for strategies which are too complex to be generated by students.     

Role of teachers in influencing the development of adolescents’ possible selves

During late childhood and early adolescence, there is a dramatic increase in cognitive skills which influences how young people begin to think about their futures. The construct of possible selves has been used to help understanding of adolescents’ views of their future plans and goals by exploring their social perceptions to gain insight about how they think about the world and themselves. This study examined the role of perceived teacher support in adolescents’ development of possible selves. Results suggest that the four groups (White males, Latinos, White females and Latinas) in this study think in different ways about their future possible selves of graduating from a 4-year university. This study provides important theoretical as well as practical implications.     

Influence of family and socio‐demographic variables on students with low academic achievement

In this study we compare the distribution of parental educational styles and the scores reported both by parents and students for various family characteristics (acceptance, control, involvement, and expectations) and socio‐demographic factors (socio‐economic status, family structure, number of children, and order of birth of the children) in a group of adolescents with normal achievement (n?=?105) and in a group which present low achievement (n?=?205). Likewise, we examine which variables best predict academic achievement in the two groups and of adolescents. The results indicate differences in the distribution of parental styles in the two groups for the majority of the variables analysed. We also observed a differential pattern in the prediction of academic success. In the group of adolescents with normal academic achievement, socio‐demographic variables better predict achievement; for students with low achievement, family variables play a more important role in predicting achievement.     

Design of suction foundations

Suction foundations have been deployed in the last three decades in a growing number of offshore developments, for bottom-fixed and floating structures, in shallow and deep waters, many of them successfully. Suction foundations, traditionally used as anchors and jacket foundations in the oil and gas industry, are now also used in the offshore renewable (wind) industry, e.g. for monopods, tripods, and jackets. When technically feasible, suction foundations are often cheaper than pile foundations. Additionally, their installation is relatively noise-free and, by applying overpressure, they can be removed during decommissioning. This paper focuses on the more complex design issues and some pitfalls related to suction foundation design. Additionally design practices and recommendations for suction caisson design, including installation and extraction feasibility, foundation resistance, settlements and response in sand, clay and layered soil profiles, will be presented for basic understanding.     

江苏社区大学建设若干问题的探讨

江苏依托电大系统推进地市级社区大学建设,适应了江苏经济社会发展的需要,是构建终身教育体系的一个重要尝试。但目前存在三个方面的问题制约社区大学的健康发展:一是社区大学的定位;二是社区大学和社区学院的关系;三是社区大学和开放大学的关系。只有理顺了这三方面的关系,抓住市场需求,才能促进社区大学成为终身教育和学习型社会的主力军。     

Examining the role of the ICT coordinator in Irish post-primary schools

This paper reports on a study into the roles and attitudes of ICT coordinators in a sample of 37 schools in the Republic of Ireland. The research took an interpretative stance employing both questionnaires and interviews to explore the participants’ experiences. The study revealed that the ICT coordinators’ roles varied across schools. This variation was evident in the status of the position with considerable variance in the time allocated for their duties. In line with previous research, their duties appeared to be targeted towards maintenance and upkeep of equipment. The study raises questions relating to the gap in the rhetoric of the ICT coordinator’s role and the reality of their day-to-day duties. The study also questions the prevailing discourse in relation to moves towards greater levels of pedagogical leadership, as opposed to maintenance and support.     

新媒体冲击下大学生生活方式的嬗变

在新媒体的冲击下,大学生学业生活方式呈现网络依赖的加剧,交往生活方式受到网络社交的熏染正引发信任危机,消费生活方式表现为网购消费、时尚消费和情感消费,闲暇生活方式呈现网络化和泛娱乐化的特征,婚恋生活方式更是遭受物化的扭曲。重构和引导大学生生活方式必须以社会主义核心价值体系作为指导思想,以抢占新媒体阵地,提升高校德育的话语权为首要任务。