亚历山大数字图书馆——互联网上的地理信息资源中心

亚历山大数字图书馆项目（Alexandria Digital Library,ADL）是美国最大的、持续时间最长的数字图书馆研究项目之一,自1994年起连续得到了美国国家科学基金会（NSF）的美国数字图书馆倡导计划（Digital Library Initiative,DLI）长达十年的资助。该项目的重点在于设计并运行其颇有特色的地理参考数字图书馆。ADL是一个分布式参考资料数字图书馆,以各种数据来源的地图、图像和地理定位文献为主要收集对象,实现公众对地理空间信息对象的访问和搜索,是互联网上的地理信息资源中心。文章对该数字图书馆的项目背景、信息资源组织、服务和技术特点等进行了介绍和评价。     

中铝企业知识管理体系构建与实施

文章通过研究中铝广西分公司实施知识管理战略,探讨企业知识管理体系中知识库构建、知识组织、平台设计、组织架构、制度和文化建设方面的构建与实施。     

Classroom management of situated group learning: A research study of two teaching strategies

Although peer-based work is encouraged by theories in developmental psychology and although classroom interventions suggest it is effective, there are grounds for recognising that young pupils find collaborative learning hard to sustain. Discontinuities in collaborative skill during development have been suggested as one interpretation. Theory and research have neglected situational continuities that the teacher may provide in management of formal and informal collaborations. This experimental study, with the collaboration of the science faculty in one urban secondary college, investigated the effect of two role attribution strategies on communication in peer groups of different gender composition in three parallel Year 8 science classes. The group were set a problem that required them to design an experiment to compare the thermal insulating properties of two different materials. This presents the data collected and key findings, and reviews the findings from previous parallel studies that have employed the same research design in different school settings. The results confirm the effectiveness of social role attribution strategies in teacher management of communication in peer-based work.     

阵列波导光栅复用/解复用器输出端模场串扰分析

阵列波导光栅孔径大小是AWG复用/解复用器件的重要结构参数.大部分耦合进对应输出波导的同时有部分光场耦合进邻近波导,增加了器件的串扰.本文分析了波导光栅孔径有限引起的信号串扰.     

充分发挥科技支撑作用积极推进对口援藏工作

第三次西藏工作座谈会以来，党中央、国务院从战略高度出发，提出了“分片负责、对口支援、定期轮换”的援藏工作方针，我厅积极响应中央的号召，从大局出发，在资金、项目、人才、智力等方面，全方位将对口支援西藏作为一项重要的政治任务和义不容辞的责任，不断加大援藏力度，拓宽援藏领域，创新援藏方法，深化援藏内涵，     

汉康液的抗氧化作用及对SOD活力的影响

小鼠给予汉康液2.0g/kg/日,连续灌胃22天,结果表明该液能明显降低小鼠血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量,并对血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性有显著增强作用。     

中职英语课程教学环境建设的探索

通过有组织、有计划地进行教学环境建设,精心营造良好的教学环境,是提教学质量的重要环节。教学环境主要由物理环境和社会心理环境(又称“硬环境”和“软环境”)构成,是教学活动赖以进行的基础。物理环境包括教学内容载体、教学手段和教学场所等要素在内的各种教学物质设施、设     

Community Consultation in Developing Museum Projects: A Case Study Using the Repertory Grid Technique

Good community consultation is a powerful tool in developing new museum projects and exhibitions, facilitating a more effective delivery of service to a diverse public. Existing techniques for both user and community consultation are limited with front end evaluation particularly undeveloped in the sector, often providing no meaningful base by which to compare project outcomes. Tension exists between government, which values quantitative data, and researchers who argue qualitative methods are more appropriate for evaluating community projects. This article reports a pilot study using the repertory grid technique to examine a ‘socially excluded’, ethnically diverse local community's perceptions, expectations and previous experiences of similar projects, to provide a benchmark against which to compare outcomes. This research formed part of the front end evaluation for a New Deal for Community's Project run by Sheffield Galleries and Museums Trust. The repertory grid technique was developed in psychological studies as a means of understanding respondents' own world views, and is particularly helpful in working with people with poor language skills. Although this study only used the technique qualitatively, it can be used to combine both quantitative and qualitative data, providing more robust data for evidence-based policy decisions. Using the repertory grid technique, respondents were able to list both perceived and practical barriers to participation in projects. The technique also enabled them to articulate what would motivate them to become involved in future projects. The repertory grid technique has significant potential for use in community consultation and project evaluation as a means of understanding local residents' perceptions and its visual representation means that its findings can be easily understood by participants, policy-makers and practitioners.     

The Future of Defunct Religious Buildings: Dutch Approaches to Their Adaptive Re-use

Across the Western world, membership in the established organized churches is on the decline with a concomitant reduction in the need for churches and church halls. As redundant and unused churches are the focus of vandalism and decay, owners and heritage managers are looking for options to adaptively re-use such buildings. This article reviews the literature on the re-use of churches in the Netherlands, which has long history of innovatively addressing the problems. The options available range from re-use for religious purposes by other denominations or faiths, to community use (multi-purpose, sport, music etc.), and private use, which can be either commercial or residential. The attitudes of the community and the original property owners play a major part in successful adaptive re-use. Because of its long history, the Dutch experience in adaptive re-use of religious buildings has much to offer heritage managers in other countries faced with this emergent management issue.     

A study of untrained models for multimodal information retrieval

Operational multimodal information retrieval systems have to deal with increasingly complex document collections and queries that are composed of a large set of textual and non-textual modalities such as ratings, prices, timestamps, geographical coordinates, etc. The resulting combinatorial explosion of modality combinations makes it intractable to treat each modality individually and to obtain suitable training data. As a consequence, instead of finding and training new models for each individual modality or combination of modalities, it is crucial to establish unified models, and fuse their outputs in a robust way. Since the most popular weighting schemes for textual retrieval have in the past generalized well to many retrieval tasks, we demonstrate how they can be adapted to be used with non-textual modalities, which is a first step towards finding such a unified model. We demonstrate that the popular weighting scheme BM25 is suitable to be used for multimodal IR systems and analyze the underlying assumptions of the BM25 formula with respect to merging modalities under the so-called raw-score merging hypothesis, which requires no training. We establish a multimodal baseline for two multimodal test collections, show how modalities differ with respect to their contribution to relevance and the difficulty of treating modalities with overlapping information. Our experiments demonstrate that our multimodal baseline with no training achieves a significantly higher retrieval effectiveness than using just the textual modality for the social book search 2016 collection and lies in the range of a trained multimodal approach using the optimal linear combination of the modality scores.