论情报接受过程中的积累效应

情报积累寓于广义的情报接受过程之中。文章以情报接受的多重效应的逻辑前提,阐明了情报积累的本质及其效应特征,论述了实现情报积累的微观机制与宏观机制。     

专利权的实质是什么？——兼议“自己专利抗辩”

一、问题的提出专利权究竟是什么权?对此,目前我国知识产权界一种有代表性的观点认为,专利权的实质是国家授予专利权人在一定期间内的独占的实施权(或排他权)。所谓独占的实施权,从字面上理解,其含义是指专利权人独自享有的实施自己专利的权利。     

非人灵长类模型

全球有近10亿脑疾病患者,每年约带来经济负担1万亿美元。目前,绝大部分脑疾病尚无有效治疗方法。因此,脑疾病机理研究和新药开发十分迫切。由于进化上相近,非人灵长类的脑在结构、功能活动等多方面与人类高度相似。因此,相对于其他实验动物,非人灵长类具有解决人类问题,特别是脑相关问题的独特优势。它们除了是研究人类正常脑高级功能的关键实验动物外,还是最好的研究脑疾病机理和治疗方法的模型动物。中国不但有丰富的非人灵长类资源,而且在猕猴建模方面有很好的积累,尤其在转基因疾病猕猴模型创建方面,目前处于世界领先的地位。文章分析了脑疾病领域的国家战略需求,总结了国内外非人灵长类的应用情况,以及国内非人灵长类模型现状。在此基础上,对我国非人灵长类模型领域下一步发展的重点提出了建议。     

图书馆与海峡西岸经济区建设

海峡西岸经济区的提出,对图书馆的发展既是一次挑战,也是一次机遇。图书馆在海峡西岸经济区建设中具有其他文化设施不可替代的作用。文章阐述了图书馆在海峡西岸经济区建设中的作用,并就图书馆如何为海峡西岸经济区建设提供服务提出了自己的看法。     

中国台湾工业技术研究院案例研究

介绍台湾工业技术研究院的性质、组织结构、运作机制。从中可以了解非营利科研机构在地区创新系统所处的地位与作用,以及构建与管理非营利科研机构方面的经验。     

知识地图研究现状与展望

随着计算机技术的发展,知识资源的不断丰富,对知识进行有效的组织和管理,实现知识的快速检索、共享和重利用,充分有效地利用知识资源是一项迫切的研究课题。知识地图的知识组织方式通过提供共同理解的“地图”的概念,实现知识共享。主要从知识地图的定义、功能、构建、应用、研究现状等方面对知识地图进行介绍分析,并探讨了其研究方向和重点。     

公共科研机构绩效评价的指标与方法

本文以科学技术部颁布的《科学技术评价办法》(试行)为依据,参照STI评价指标体系,结合中国科学院研究所评价实践,借助系统分析方法,构建了公共科研机构绩效评价指标体系,并提出用The il不均衡指数确定指标权重,采用优属度矢量模型对公共科研机构进行绩效评价的量化方法。     

A “twisted” microfluidic mixer suitable for a wide range of flow rate applications

This paper proposes a new “twisted” 3D microfluidic mixer fabricated by a laser writing/microfabrication technique. Effective and efficient mixing using the twisted micromixers can be obtained by combining two general chaotic mixing mechanisms: splitting/recombining and chaotic advection. The lamination of mixer units provides the splitting and recombination mechanism when the quadrant of circles is arranged in a two-layered serial arrangement of mixing units. The overall 3D path of the microchannel introduces the advection. An experimental investigation using chemical solutions revealed that these novel 3D passive microfluidic mixers were stable and could be operated at a wide range of flow rates. This micromixer finds application in the manipulation of tiny volumes of liquids that are crucial in diagnostics. The mixing performance was evaluated by dye visualization, and using a pH test that determined the chemical reaction of the solutions. A comparison of the tornado-mixer with this twisted micromixer was made to evaluate the efficiency of mixing. The efficiency of mixing was calculated within the channel by acquiring intensities using ImageJ software. Results suggested that efficient mixing can be obtained when more than 3 units were consecutively placed. The geometry of the device, which has a length of 30 mm, enables the device to be integrated with micro total analysis systems and other lab-on-chip devices.     

何真传:诸版本明史的书法痕迹述论

对材料处理、史事评论、人物褒贬,其原则、体例,名之"书法",也可谓之"笔削"。以发展中的人为中心,对校武英殿刊本《明史》及诸版本《明史稿》中"何真传"的内容,辅以《明实录》及其他明清时期的相关史料进行互校,异同之处得以管窥近百年间明史相承修撰的书法痕迹。     

Effects of osmotic stress on antioxidant enzymes activities in leaf discs of P<Subscript>SAG12</Subscript>-<Emphasis Type="Italic">IPT</Emphasis> modified gerbera

Leaf senescence is often caused by water deficit and the chimeric gene PSA612-1PT is an auto-regulated gene delaying leaf senescence. Using in vitro leaf discs culture system, the changes of contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble protein and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance （TBARS） and antioxidant enzymes activities were investigated during leaf senescence of PSA612-1PT modified gerbera induced by osmotic stress compared with the control plant （wild type）. Leaf discs were incubated in 20%, 40% （w/v） polyethylene glycol （PEG） 6 000 nutrient solution for 20 h under continuous light [ 130 μmol/（m^2·s）]. The results showed that the contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids and soluble protein were decreased by osmotic stress with the decrease being more pronounced at 40% PEG, but that, at the same PEG concentration the decrease in the transgenic plants was significantly lower than that in the control plant. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalases （CAT）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, guaiacol peroxidase （GPX） and dehydroascorbate reductase （DHAR） were stimulated by PEG treatment. However, the increases were higher in PSA612-IPT transgenic plants than in the control plants, particularly at 40% PEG treatment. Lipid peroxidation （TBARS content） was increased by PEG treatment with the increase being much lower in transgenic plant than in the control plant. It could be concluded that the increases in the activities ofantioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, APX, GPX and DHAR were responsible for the delay of leaf senescence induced by osmotic stress.