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11.
The measurement of teachers' workload has till now been subjective. Teachers feel that they have a great responsibility to their pupils and to society and their workload heavy, while non-teachers may have different views. This debate occurs even amongst teachers teaching different subjects and levels in a school as well as amongst teachers in different schools. A comparison of teachers' workload in different countries is also particularly difficult because of different class sizes, curriculum time, etc. It is therefore essential to provide a quantitative and objective measure for evaluating teachers' workload. This measure can then be used as a reference by school principals when allocating extra duties to teachers. It is also useful to education authorities when deploying teachers to various schools in centralized education systems. 相似文献
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管宇 《牡丹江教育学院学报》2006,(4):28-29
法文“aliéner”和“aliénation”现在通译成“异化”,它的本意是“转让”“出卖”。卢梭是在现代意义上使用“异化”概念的第一人,他认为,文明社会中的人与其正当的需求和本性相异化。马克思则认为,“异化”就是主体在发展过程中由于自身的活动而产生出自己的对立面———客体,而这种客体又成为一种外在的异己的力量反过来反对主体自身。他比较看重的是劳动异化。两位大师的异化理论,对处在现代化进程中的中国有着重要的启示。 相似文献
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管向群 《中国远程教育(综合版)》2007,(7):54-57
在远程开放教育中加强校园文化建设,是素质教育理论与实践的重大突破,标志着对素质教育的认识步入一个新的阶段,也标志着对终身教育的认识步入一个新的阶段。远程开放教育条件下的校园文化建设,有其自身的特点和规律,必须坚持以人的全面发展为指导思想,以教育教学为主要依托,以网络环境为基本载体,以各类活动为重要手段,以社会实践为有机环节,以主体自觉为内在动力,在教育教学中贯穿素质教育,在网络环境中营造文化氛围,在各类活动中陶冶高尚情操,在社会实践中增强适应能力,在心理健康教育中完善人格,促进学生的素质提升和全面发展。 相似文献
14.
北京志愿者协会之发展道路研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文首先对北京志愿者协会进行了概要介绍,接着对协会的优势劣势进行了解析,最后对于北京志愿者协会的发展道路进行了思考,指出北京志愿者协会可以和其他营利组织合作“创收”、实现协的独立和自主性、发展一种志愿服务的文化范围、形成有效的志愿者服务的激励机制。 相似文献
15.
Genetic analysis of fruit shape traits at different maturation stages in sponge gourd 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The fruit shape is important quantitative trait closely related to the fruit quality. However, the genetic model of fruit shapes has not been proposed. Therefore, in the present study, analysis of genetic effects for fruit shape traits (fruit length and fruit perimeter) in sponge gourd was conducted by employing a developmental genetic model including fruit direct effects and maternal effects. Analysis approaches of unconditional and conditional variances were applied to evaluate the genetic behavior of fruit shape traits at economical and physiological maturation times. The results of variance analysis indicated that fruit length and fruit perimeter were simultaneously affected by fruit direct genetic effects and maternal effects. Fruit direct genetic effects were relatively more important for fruit shape traits at whole developmental period. The gene expression was most active at the economical maturation stage (1-12 d after flowering) for two shape traits, and the activation of gene was mostly due to direct dominance effects at physiological maturation stage (13-60 datter flowering). The coefficients due to different genetic effects, as well as the phenotypic correlation coefficients, varied significantly between fruit shape traits themselves at various maturation stages. The results showed that it was relatively easy to improve fruit shape traits for industrial purpose by carefully selecting the parents at economical maturation stage instead of that at physiological maturation stage. 相似文献
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Lei Shuai Gongxun Zhong Quan Yuan Zhiyuan Wen Chong Wang Xijun He Renqiang Liu Jinliang Wang Qinjian Zhao Yuxiu Liu Ningning Huo Junhua Deng Jingjing Bai Hongchao Wu Yuntao Guan Jianzhong Shi Kegong Tian Ningshao Xia Hualan Chen Zhigao Bu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(3):16-23
Minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to humans. However, the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 in minks are largely unknown. Here, we investigated and found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and transmits efficiently in minks via respiratory droplets; pulmonary lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 in minks are similar to those seen in humans with COVID-19. We further found that a spike protein-based subunit vaccine largely prevented SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks. Our study indicates that minks are a useful animal model for evaluating the efficacy of drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 and that vaccination is a potential strategy to prevent minks from transmitting SARS-CoV-2. 相似文献
20.
刁官玉 《重庆职业技术学院学报》2003,12(4):19-20,24
弱势群体问题关系着社会稳定的大局,已成为时下中国社会关注的热点问题。本文客观剖析了弱势群体产生的原因,提出了扶助社会弱势群体的具体措施。 相似文献