球车安全保障之制动器性能

制动系统是关乎高尔夫球车安全性能最重要的组成部分之一。其实，它的设计十分简单且易于维护。在本文中，我们主要谈论制动系统的基本原理及其独特的性能。     

防止信息技术灾难的执行指南

信息系统能否可靠运转关系重大。许多管理人员要求寻找一种能防止信息技术灾难的可靠的方法。本书详细论述了不可能找到绝对可靠方法的理由，说明在信息时代里，管理者们必须考虑技术的强度和局限，应当适当地利用人类的知识和技巧。许多计算机科学家和信息技术的顾问们都声称要为防止信息技术灾难这一技术瓶颈找到答案，但是书中列举了大量信息技术灾难的实例，警告人们必须吸取教训，不能完全依赖信息技术，应当另找解决途径。作者认为技术不可能是完全可靠的，在各组织的信息技术管理时必须是以人为中心的，而且应当为此管理建立起实际的…     

Who cares for me? Grandparents, nannies and babysitters caring for children in contemporary Italy

This paper illustrates the factors and features of the revival of paid care and domestic work in Italy. While Italy is experiencing a boom in the recourse to carers for the elderly, there is not a corresponding expansion in paid private childcare, in spite of growing female employment and limited public services for children. One of the reasons for this is the growing involvement of grandparents in childcare. In Italy, a country characterised by a “Mediterranean welfare regime”, people also have recourse to their own mothers (and fathers) to care for their children, in spite of the fact that they can afford to pay for childminding and babysitting. Thus it is not only (migrant) domestic workers who frequently rely on their parents to care for their own children, an issue widely discussed in the literature on global care chains. Their employers, too, may rely on them. Grandparents, however, have turned out to play an important role in childcare not only in Italy but also in Western countries with better childcare services. Focusing on these issues, the paper contributes both to the debate on global care chains and to that on the role of the family within different welfare systems.     

English language learners, LD, and overrepresentation: A multiple-level analysis

Continuing unresolved problems in the field of special education include the continued use of discrepancy models; the need for better identification models; continued debate over programmatic issues, ranging from inclusion to self-contained models; and the continued overrepresentation of certain ethnic and racial groups in the learning disabilities (LD) category. This article focuses on students with mild learning disorders in general, and LD in particular, providing a perspective on how this problem has been addressed and suggesting a multilevel approach in which local context plays a central role. We suggest that overrepresentation is best conceptualized as an indicator of underlying issues rather than as the proper focal point of remediation efforts.     

Psychological defense styles, childhood adversities and psychopathology in adulthood

OBJECTIVE: The present study explores the link between reported sexual and/or physical abuse and psychological defense styles, as well as the association of both with psychological distress in adulthood. In two patient samples that differ in psychological distress and somatization, we examine whether the adversities reported and immature defense styles are associated with psychopathological symptoms. METHOD: We examined 266 consecutive inpatients in the psychosomatic department and 109 consecutive inpatients who had been treated for low-back pain in the orthopedic department of a German university hospital. Psychological defense styles were assessed by a two-factor solution of the German modified adaptation of the Defense Mechanism Inventory (DMI), childhood adversities by a structured interview, psychological distress by the SCL-90-R, and somatization by the Screening for Somatoform Disorders (SOMS). RESULTS: Both samples demonstrated a significant link between immature defense styles and the extent of overall psychological distress as well as somatization. Reported sexual and/or physical abuse of patients in both patient samples was directly associated with somatization. CONCLUSION: Recollections of sexual and/or physical abuse in childhood and immature defense styles have an association with psychopathology in adulthood. This finding suggests that immature defense styles may act, in part, as mediators between the adversities investigated and adult psychopathology.