人物简介：基因医生

W．French Anderson开创了基因疗法     

加速评估有重要价值的药和

传统的临床试验方法可能延误救命治疗方法的利用，目前食品药物管理局的管理人员正在试图使速度与误差的风险相平衡。     

Orthotic control of rear foot and lower limb motion during running in participants with chronic Achilles tendon injury

This study examined the kinematic effects of orthoses in participants with a history of chronic Achilles tendon injury. Twelve participants ran at self-selected speeds on a treadmill with and without customized orthoses. Joint and segment angles including leg abduction, calcaneal, eversion, ankle dorsiflexion, and knee flexion angles were calculated from three-dimensional data throughout stance. Five footfalls were obtained for each participant and condition. Statistical tests revealed an increase in maximum eversion with orthoses (P < 0.001, eta(p)2 = 0.642). In the individual participant analysis, this was evident in 9 of 12 participants. Trends towards increased eversion range of motion and decreased ankle dorsiflexion maximum and range of motion angles were also observed. Increased eversion was unexpected as all devices were designed to provide pronation control as deemed necessary by the podiatrist. Despite this, participants reported between 50 and 100% (average 92%) relief from symptoms with the use of orthoses. Further analysis of the angle-time curves and coordination between angular measures is recommended.     

Comparison of three-dimensional lower extremity running kinematics of young adult and elderly runners

The objective of this study was to compare the three-dimensional lower extremity running kinematics of young adult runners and elderly runners. Seventeen elderly adults (age 67-73 years) and 17 young adults (age 26-36 years) ran at 3.1 m x s(-1) on a treadmill while the movements of the lower extremity during the stance phase were recorded at 120 Hz using three-dimensional video. The three-dimensional kinematics of the lower limb segments and of the ankle and knee joints were determined, and selected variables were calculated to describe the movement. Our results suggest that elderly runners have a different movement pattern of the lower extremity from that of young adults during the stance phase of running. Compared with the young adults, the elderly runners had a substantial decrease in stride length (1.97 vs. 2.23 m; P = 0.01), an increase in stride frequency (1.58 vs. 1.37 Hz; P = 0.002), less knee flexion/extension range of motion (26 vs. 33 degrees ; P = 0.002), less tibial internal/external rotation range of motion (9 vs. 12 degrees ; P < 0.001), larger external rotation angle of the foot segment (toe-out angle) at the heel strike (-5.8 vs. -1.0 degrees ; P = 0.009), and greater asynchronies between the ankle and knee movements during running. These results may help to explain why elderly individuals could be more susceptible to running-related injuries.     

方块世界的等价交换(下)——Minecraft ProjectE模组介绍

<正>“只要能够站起来,就能到任何地方。”——《钢之炼金术师》在上一期中,小约围绕着EMC (“等价交换”模组中物质和能量的基本单位)介绍了“等价交换”模组的基本玩法。现在,小约将从四次元口袋里掏出一些炼金术师的神秘道具,睁大眼睛看好喽——     

“洞穴与山崖”更新——Minecraft 1.18版介绍

<正>转眼间,自Minecraft 1.17版发布已经过去了半年,"洞穴与山崖"更新的后半部分,也就是1.18版,终于也来到了我们的面前。原本这是一个以改造洞穴和山地为主题的更新,但在开发途中被拆分成两个大版本,即以物品和生物更新为主的1.17版和以调整世界生成方式为主的1.18版。今天,小约将继续介绍"洞穴与山崖"带来的新内容,让我们一起看看经过了半年的打磨后,方块世界出现了怎样的变化吧。本文内容基于Java版1.18的首个预发布版(1.18-pre1),主要介绍快照21w15a之后的更新内容。大部分内容亦适用于基岩版,