论湖南民风士气与民族素质提升

“代管家长”制是随着我国社会经济的发展、农村“留守孩子”的不断增多,而在我国部分地区农村自发形成,并逐步流行开来的一种旨在针对农村广大“留守弦子”教育的新制度,即指学校教师与农村“留守弦子”结成对子。教师代理其家长。从思想、学习到生活实行全程负责。“代管家长”制的出现,是对广大农村“留守裱予”教育的一种新尝试,是保证农村义务教育质量的一种新举措,是加强和改进弱势群体子士教宵的一种新思考。     

Visual Chunking Skills of Hong Kong Children

This study investigated the development of visual chunking skills in the processing of Chinese characters among Hong Kong pupils. One-hundred-seventy-nine primary school students from first, second and fourth grades were administered a character copying task. Children as young as 6 years of age were aware of character units and were able to apply visual chunking strategies when processing characters. Children in higher grades performed better than those in lower grades on every character type, and the types of errors they made revealed that their chunking level was higher than that of younger children. Differences between ability groups emerged in second grade and vanished in fourth grade, suggesting that children with a lower reading ability are slower to develop advanced chunking skills.     

Serum protein fingerprinting coupled with artificial neural network distinguishes glioma from healthy population or brain benign tumor

To screen and evaluate protein biomarkers for the detection of gliomas (Astrocytoma grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ) from healthy individuals and gliomas from brain benign tumors by using surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) coupled with an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. SELDI-TOF-MS protein fingerprinting of serum from 105 brain tumor patients and healthy individuals, included 28 patients with glioma (Astrocytoma Ⅰ-Ⅳ), 37 patients with brain benign tumor, and 40 age-matched healthy individuals. Two thirds of the total samples of every compared pair as training set were used to set up discriminating patterns, and one third of total samples of every compared pair as test set were used to cross-validate; simultaneously, discriminate-cluster analysis derived SPSS 10.0 software was used to compare Astrocytoma grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ with grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ ones. An accuracy of 95.7%, sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 100% were obtained in a blinded test set comparing gliomas patients with healthy individuals; an accuracy of 86.4%, sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 84.6%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 85.7% were obtained when patient's gliomas was compared with benign brain tumor. Total accuracy of 85.7%, accuracy of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ Astrocytoma was 86.7%, accuracy ofⅢ-Ⅳ Astrocytoma was 84.6% were obtained when grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ Astrocytoma was compared with grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ ones (discriminant analysis). SELDI-TOF-MS combined with bioinformatics tools, could greatly facilitate the discovery of better biomarkers. The high sensitivity and specificity achieved by the use of selected biomarkers showed great potential application for the discrimination of gliomas patients from healthy individuals and glioma from brain benign tumors.     

关于因材施教的断想——做苏格拉底式还是做孔子式的教师?

因材施教是地道的教育原则,当人们追溯这条原则起源的时候,追到了西方的圣贤苏格拉底和中国的圣贤孔子。苏格拉底的产婆术、孔子的启发式教学被后人归纳为因材施教的教学原则。我们可以从两位圣贤展开教育实践的不同前提进行分析,判断一下苏格拉底和孔子谁更像教育学意义上的教     

国有企业制度创新博弈分析

本文运用博弈论基本理论，详尽分析了企业改革中的政府官员、企业领导和职工三者围绕利益的冲突和合作，进而给出企业两种制度创新模式。     

从察举制到科举制--中国古代官僚体制理性行政的必然

察举制是科举制的前身与母体。在长达七八百年的选官过程中,察举制曾经有:“以德取人”、“以能取人”、“以文取人”、“以名取人”和“以族取人”等等因素作用其间,结果则是“以文取人”为主导的原则、标准和方法。最终成了定局,发展成为科举制。从察举制到科举制,是中国古代官僚体制理性行政的必然。     

国内外竞争情报系统研究对比计量分析

本文通过使用国际上的WoS的期刊数据库和中文的CNKI期刊全文数据库,对国际与国内有关竞争情报系统为主题的研究文献使用统计学、文献计量学和社会网络分析等方法,从文献的年代分布、关键词、作者和期刊分布等角度进行对比计量分析,并使用相关的图形和列表进行了展示,进而可以帮助现有研究者从宏观上了解该领域国际与国内的差别,进而更好的从事相关研究。     

从遗传学一题多解中培养学生的能力

通过对遗传学一题多解,探讨解题的思路和方法,以利于学生巩固和融会贯通所学知识,全面掌握遗传学的基本概念、规律、理论和基本研究方法,培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。     

历史科学与素质教育—以《中国古代史》为例

素质教育是我国政府面向新世纪实施的一项重要战略。本文从提高学生思想道德素质、人文素质、身心素质、“通才”培养、创新能力培养五个方面评述了《中国古代史》学科和素质教育的紧密联系。     

试论完善普通话水平测试机制的有效途径

普通话水平测试是一项国家级的测试，属于政府行为。要保证普通话水平测试的信度和效度，必须从以下几个方面完善它的机制：1．建立完整的试题库，实行教考分离的原则；2．细化评分的标准，使评分有据可依；3．加强测试员队伍的培养和考核；4．加强考前辅导工作，做好考后复审工作；5．启动大中小学教师队伍的测试工作，为以后公务员的测试做好准备。