Batch and fed-batch production of butyric acid by clostridium butyricum ZJUCB

The production of butyric acid by Clostridium butyricum ZJUCB at various pH values was investigated. In order to study the effect of pH on cell growth, butyric acid biosynthesis and reducing sugar consumption, different cultivation pH values ranging from 6.0 to 7.5 were evaluated in 5-L bioreactor. In controlled pH batch fermentation, the optimum pH for cell growth and butyric acid production was 6.5 with a cell yield of 3.65 g/L and butyric acid yield of 12.25 g/L. Based on these results, this study then compared batch and fed-batch fermentation of butyric acid production at pH 6.5. Maximum value （16.74 g/L） of butyric acid concentration was obtained in fed-batch fermentation compared to 12.25 g/L in batch fermentation. It was concluded that cultivation under fed-batch fermentation mode could enhance butyric acid production significantly （P〈0.01） by C. butyricum ZJUCB.     

我国社团立法的现状分析与构建

我国现行社团立法严重滞后于现实需要,其指导思想存在偏差,立法出现真空,且层次偏低。完善社团立法是解决我国社团立法现有问题的方向,也是我国社会现实的客观需要。笔者建议应该转变我国社团立法的指导思想,构建新的立法模式,分步骤地完善我国的社团立法。     

美国数据库保护的立法取向及对我国的启示

美国近年来若干数据库保护议案的演变 ,其议案内容从早期宽泛的权利、狭窄的例外、较高的保护水平到权利的适当限制、合理拟使用范围 ,以及试图将数据库特别权利保护制度定位在反盗用法即反不正当竞争法上 ,这些都是为了拟建立的保护制度能够维护数据库制作者与社会公众之间的利益平衡。并提出我国建立数据库保护制度的几点建议。     

开放性实验与EDA技术结合的探讨

为弥补传统实践教学的不足,进一步提高学生的自主学习能力和实践创新能力,提出了专业实验室对外开放方案。结合EDA技术,开发了一系列实用性强的实验项目,鼓励本科生早进实验室、早进团队,在开放实验室中学会利用最新技术构建专用的数字集成电路,学会利用专业实验仪器分析、测试数据,提高了学生的科研水平、团队合作意识和就业竞争能力。     

论我国新工业革命条件下的微观人力资源管理

未来数十年,以发达国家的"再工业化"为先导,一场全新的工业革命正在逐步展开,这将促成全球范围的工业格局改变。我国在新一代领导集体的带领下正积极的进入新工业革命,以信息化和自动化作为未来我国经济转型的基本方向,凭借新工业革命带来的生产力飞跃化解老龄化危机,新工业革命带来了巨大的发展机遇,也给企业人力资源管理提出了新的难题,本文在此作简单的探讨。     

基于单片机的普及型地震报警器设计与应用

依据震级与地震加速度的关系,用单片机、三轴加速度传感器、时钟芯片、数模转换器、声音报警、字符显示等功能模块,设计了普及型地震报警器。论述了系统硬件的设计方法与实现过程;用仿真软件分析了震级与地震加速度的关系;介绍了系统控制软件的编程思想;模拟地震烈度并实现了声音警报,实时记录并显示震级大小及地震时间等信息。该普及型地震报警器设计新颖、灵敏度较高,不需复杂调试即可使用,还可开发系列应急功能,对预警减灾有积极的现实意义。     

Proteomic analysis of primary colon cancer-associated fibroblasts using the SELDI-ProteinChip platform

Objective: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the hallmarks of the cancer microenvironment. Recent evidence has indicated that CAFs are more competent in enhancing cancer cell growth and migration than normal fibroblasts. However, the unique protein expression of CAFs has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate the characterizations of colon CAFs by comparing the differential protein expression between CAFs and normal fibroblasts. Methods: Primary fibroblasts were isolated from surgical specimen of human colon cancer and matched normal colonic tissue. Purity of the cell population was verified through immunostain analysis. Total cell lysates and conditioned media from each group of cells were extracted, and protein expression analysis was conducted using the surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) ProteinChip platform. Results: Most primary cells showed typical fibroblast-like features after two weeks. Increased proportion of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts was detected within the CAFs in four of the six pairs of primary cells. Fibroblast activation protein was weakly expressed in most cells without differences. Using SELDI-TOF-MS ProteinChip platform, four protein peaks mass over charge ratio (m/z) 1142, 3011, 4035, and 4945 were detected in the total cell lysates, and two protein peaks m/z 1368 and 1389 were detected in the conditioned media. The potential candidate proteins found in the Swiss-Prot database include morphogenetic neuropeptides, FMRFamide-related peptides, insulin-like growth factor II, thymosin β-4-like protein 3, and tight junction-associated protein 1. Conclusions: Using the SELDI-ProteinChip platform, differential protein expressions were identified in colon CAFs compared with normal colonic stromal fibroblasts. The complex proteomic alternations in colon CAFs may play important roles related to the colon cancer microenvironment.     

学校教代会制度的过程性功能分析——基于协商民主理念与规范文本的双重维度

为适应基层民主实践的发展需求,教育部新近颁布的《学校教职工代表大会规定》对原制度进行了修订完善。以该文本为切入,运用协商民主理论来重新诠释教职工代表大会制度的过程性功能,并将教职工代表大会组织定位为教职工参与学校事务决策过程的协商平台,进一步分析该功能在实践中的应用,以期对我国教育领域基层民主与自治理论的建构有所裨益。