浅析高等学校与学生的法律关系

高校与学生之间存在综合的外部行政和民事法律关系,从现行教育法律法规出发,总结了高校和学生的权利与义务,从而提出高校保障学生权益实现的若干建议。     

弗洛伊德精神分析理论及其人性观

弗洛伊德精神分析理论是所有人格理论中最为全面的和著名的,其核心内容强调潜在意识动机的存在以及性和攻击本能的重要性.弗洛伊德精神分析理论产生的背景及主要内容反映了其理论决定论、悲观主义、因果论、潜意识动机及生物学因素等人性观.     

Launching Interdisciplinary Programs as College Signature Areas: An Example

Increasingly administrators are concerned with inspiring and supporting faculty members in the creation of interdisciplinary programs in response to research and funding shifts and public need. This article presents an initative undertaken at the University of Colorado Denver, demonstrating a method for identifying and launching a set of signature interdisciplinary programs for a diverse college environment that overcomes hesitancy and hindrances at the individual, departmental, and institutional levels.     

Departments in Academic Receivership: Possible Causes and Solutions

This article explores the concept of academic receivership in U.S. colleges and universities. Academic receivership occurs when control of an academic department or program is removed from the faculty and an outside chair is put in place by the college or university administration. A literature review is supplemented by a small survey to assess how common receivership is and how it is administered. Combined, these elements allow for a discussion of the warning signs that a department is becoming dysfunctional and a procedure to guide a department through the receivership process.

高师英语专业基础教育新课程适应性研究

通过对毕业生和中学校长（英语教研组长）的调查访谈得知,大多数毕业生对新课程都持很高的认同态度,并能较快地适应在教学实践方面带来的变化。但也存在知识和能力结构与新课程不同构的现象。笔者认为,高师英语专业要转变教育观念,积极关注并参与基础教育课程改革;完善课程体系,优化课程结构;更新教学内容,改革教学方法;加强实践教学、关注学生创新能力和自我发展能力的提高。     

Athens 2004: the pollution climate and athletic performance

Athens sits in a basin approximately 450 km² in area, surrounded by mountains and open sea. Anthropogenic emissions in conjunction with the topographical and meteorological conditions can result in high air pollution within the city. The pollutants of concern for athletes competing in Athens 2004 appear to be nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ozone and particulate (PM₁₀) pollution. Exposure to elevated ozone concentrations has been reported to give rise to symptoms that include cough, chest pain, difficulty in breathing, headache, eye irritation and a decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second. All of these effects are likely to impact upon performance, and several studies of cyclists suggest this to be the case. In contrast, the impact of ambient concentrations of NO₂ appears to be negligible on normal activities, but at high exercise intensities the impact remains unclear. The use of currently available information and models to predict the effect of ozone and other pollutants on elite athletes is problematical, since such models are based upon significantly lower ventilation rates than those achieved by some elite athletes. In addition, it is already known that the response to ozone can vary somewhat between individuals. Since the individuals who will be competing in Athens are physiologically very different to the participants in most published studies, it is difficult to predict individual responses. There is some evidence to indicate that adaptation to the adverse health and performance effects of ozone can occur, so that performance is partially recovered on re-exposure. The adaptation is not seen in all studies and appears to be dependent on several factors, including the initial sensitivity of the individual to ozone. Antioxidant supplementation has also been shown in some studies to partially ameliorate the adverse effects of ozone by counteracting the oxidative stress mechanism associated with this pollutant. Whether this transfers to performance enhancement per se remains unclear at present. Additional research is required to gain a sound understanding of the effects of a complex mixed air pollution exposure on the pulmonary function and performance of athletes exercising at high work intensities.     

体育专业家庭经济困难学生资助情况分析和对策研究——基于四所体育院校的调查

针对当前体育专业家庭经济困难学生资助中存在的一些问题,对河北体育学院、沈阳体育学院、北京体育大学、广州体育学院家庭经济困难学生进行了问卷调查,通过调查分析找出解决问题的方法和措施。认为应当建立科学的家庭经济困难学生认定制度体系,增加校内勤工助学岗位,完善国家奖助学金发放制度,加强信用管理,加强家庭经济困难学生的心理健康教育。     

Threshold frequency of an electrically induced cramp increases following a repeated,localized fatiguing exercise

Abstract

Though clinical observations and laboratory data provide some support for the neuromuscular imbalance theory of the genesis of exercise-associated muscle cramps, no direct evidence has been published. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of local muscle fatigue on the threshold frequency of an electrically induced muscle cramp. To determine baseline threshold frequency, a cramp was electrically induced in the flexor hallucis brevis of 16 apparently healthy participants (7 males, 9 females; age 25.1 ± 4.8 years). The testing order of control and fatigue conditions was counterbalanced. In the control condition, participants rested in a supine position for 30 min followed by another cramp induction to determine post-threshold frequency. In the fatigue condition, participants performed five bouts of great toe curls at 60% one-repetition maximum to failure with 1 min rest between bouts followed immediately by a post-threshold frequency measurement. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and simple main effects testing showed post-fatigue threshold frequency (32.9 ± 11.7 Hz) was greater (P < 0.001) than pre-fatigue threshold frequency (20.0 ± 7.7 Hz). An increase in threshold frequency seems to demonstrate a decrease in one's propensity to cramp following the fatigue exercise regimen used. These results contradict the proposed theory that suggests cramp propensity should increase following fatigue. However, differences in laboratory versus clinical fatiguing exercise and contributions from other sources, as well as the notion of a graded response to fatiguing exercise, on exercise-associated muscle cramp and electrically induced muscle cramp should be considered.     

飞向民族的传统——《所罗门之歌》的文化意蕴

美国黑人女作家托妮·莫里森是一位积极的黑人文化的捍卫者。她在《所罗门之歌》的创作中,于主流神话的框架内融入广为流传的非洲民间故事和传统的布鲁斯乐等黑人民俗文化元素,表达回归黑人文化的主题。     

更新·优化·发展--谈新课程改革实验

新一轮课程改革符合素质教育的要求，有利于促进学生主动，和谐发展，搞好课程改革实验，更新教育观念是前提；优化教学过程是重点；增强科研，创新意识是核心，提高教师素质是关键。