从文学介入谈历史课的“放”与“收”

在历史课堂中,“放”就是充分调动学生积极性,调动他们的发散性思维;“收”就是教师对学生的观点进行归纳、集中与提升。二者既对立,又统一,相辅相成。然而,如何把握好教学中“放”与“收”的关系,使之有机结合,常常成为开放式教学的难点。     

The emergence of the silent witness: the legal and medical reception of X-rays in the USA

The late 19th-century discovery of X-rays befuddled not only the scientific world but also the medical and legal worlds. The possibility of looking into the human body as if through an open window challenged the time-honored medical monopoly over the inner cavities of the human body. Likewise, the possibility of visualizing objects unavailable to the naked eye challenged the established legal theories and practices of illustration and proof. This paper describes the reactions to those challenges by the medical and the legal professions in the USA. The two professions are treated as connected social institutions, producing ongoing negotiations through which legal doctrines affect medicine no less than scientific discoveries and medical applications affect the law. This joint analysis rewards us with a rich story about an early and overlooked chapter in X-ray history on the professionalization of radiology, the origins of defensive medicine, and the evolution of the legal theory and practice of visual evidence.     

试论羊卓雍错抽水蓄能电站限制水位的重新确定

从羊卓雍错白地水文站27年的水文资料分析，羊湖水位虽有涨有落，但退水周期远大于涨水周期，退水变幅远大于涨水变幅，即说明羊湖正处于缓慢退缩的过程中，且1993－1997年羊湖水位一直在羊湖发电限制水位4437．0m波动，根据羊湖水位变化特征，预计3年后将降至4436．0m，为此，有必要确定羊湖发电限制水位。为确保湖水位达至限制水位以上，在有配套电站之时，应抽雅鲁藏布江之水入湖，同时要减少人类活动，维持羊湖的生态平衡。     

agree with,agree on与agree to用法辨异

在英语中,有些不及物动词后可接不同的介词表达几乎相同的意思,然而它们在用法上又有一定的区别。agree一词就是典型的一例,当用作不及物动词,后接介词with,on,to时,在用法上有差别。     

医护人员的语言状况分析及其对医科院校语文教学改革的意义

作者依据多年教学实践经验,结合医院业务工作对语言及文字运用方面的具体要求,通过对医护人员语言状况的分析,提出目前医科院校语文教学改革的一些思路.     

Effects of a prenatal care intervention for adolescent mothers on birth weight, repeat pregnancy, and educational outcomes at one year postpartum

About one-third of adolescent mothers receive inadequate prenatal care, and babies born to young mothers are more likely to be of low birth weight. The objective of this study is to evaluate a peer-centered prenatal care program for adolescent mothers. Pregnant adolescents were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group in a mastery modeling peer-support intervention designed to improve long- and short-term perinatal outcomes. A sample of 282 urban pregnant adolescents (94% African American, 4% Caucasian, 2% other) participated in the study. Participants were recruited from five clinics located mainly in Detroit, Michigan. Participants in the experimental group received care in a small group setting and learned to perform critical measurements with a peer partner during prenatal visits. Participants in the control group received individual prenatal care in the same clinics. Outcome measures included birth weight, years of schooling completed at one year postpartum, planned and unplanned pregnancy at one year postpartum, and employment and school attendance at one year postpartum. Mothers in the experimental group had a lower rate of low birth weight (6.6% vs. 12.5%, p=0.08). The rate of unplanned pregnancy was also lower for adolescents in the experimental group (13.4% vs. 15.9%), although this difference was not statistically significant. Adolescents who participated in the intervention were more likely to have continued their education during the pregnancy and the postpartum year. The mastery modeling, peer-centered, prenatal care program produced some positive pregnancy outcomes for adolescent mothers.     

Jokes

okesBushgetssomethingwrongwithhisbrain.Aftermedicalexamination,doctortellshim:Yourbrainhastwoparts:oneisleft,andtheotherisright.Yourleftbrainhasnothingright,Yourrightbrainhasnothingleft.IUnderstandHimWhileeatinginarestaurant,Iscoldedmyfour-year-oldsonforspeakingwithhismouthfull.“Mumpumnkmpfhm”wasallIheard.“Drew,”Iscolded,“noonecanunderstandawordyouresaying.”“Hesayshewantssomeketchup(蕃茄酱),”myhusbandsaidcalmly.Awomansittingnearbyleanedoverandasked,“Howdidyouunderstandhim?”“Im…