中日青少年自主性发展的比较研究

本研究采用《自主性诊断检查表》（DTI）对中日被试进行测查。结果显示：中日两国被试在自主性的六个维度上发展水平存在显著的差异，无论是独生子女被试、非独生子女被试，还是男生、女生被试以及不同年级的被试均显示出这一趋势。     

Impacts of the universal primary education policy on educational attainment and private costs in rural Uganda

While some governments in Sub-Saharan Africa have abolished tuition to achieve universal primary education (UPE), few studies have examined the impacts of the UPE policy beyond school enrolment. This study estimates the impact of the UPE policy in Uganda on overall primary education attainments by using data including 940 rural households. We find that UPE has decreased delayed enrolments and increased grade completion rates up to the fifth grade and its effects are especially large among girls in poor households. Yet, schools in Uganda still face further challenges in terms of low internal efficiency and the unequal quality of education.     

Take-off of the Japanese University of the Air

Conclusion The University of the Air seems to have been favourably accepted by students after the first term's experience, and it can be assumed that the University activities will be developed in the future. The radio and television programmes broadcast via the University of the Air Foundation broadcasting station are listened to and watched by many people other than students of the University. The potential therefore for the social education of the public at large can be said to be enormous. Acknowledgement: The author expresses his thanks to the staff of the University of the Air Foundation and of the National Centre for the Development of Educational Broadcasting, and also to Professor Donald P. Ely, Syracuse University, for his helpful suggestions.     

The effect of simulation-based education before a cadaver dissection course

Although the methods for medical education continue to evolve due to the development of medicines, the cadaver dissection course still plays a fundamental role. The cadaver dissection course allows students to learn to handle instruments correctly while actively exploring three-dimensional anatomy. However, dissection comes with the risk of accidental injury. In recent years, the number of classes offered for the cadaver dissection course has decreased while the amount of knowledge required in clinical medicine has increased. Simulation-based education (SBE) has been proven to be an effective educational method that enhances the development of practical skills by integrating learners' knowledge and skills. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SBE as a preparatory education course when taken prior to a medical student's enrollment in the cadaver dissection course. In the present study, an SBE assuming practical cadaver dissection course was performed in the Clinical Simulation Center. The frequency of injury rates per 1000 h of cadaver dissection course was significantly less in 2017 and 2018 compared to that in 2016. Two years after the implementation of the SBE, average student self-efficacy scores and written examination scores significantly increased, whereas self-contentment scores were relatively unchanged. The results showed that the implementation of SBE decreased the incidence of injuries and improved students' overall self-efficacy scores and increased acquisition of knowledge evident on written examination score. Therefore, SBE as a preparatory education course may effectively promote the combined development of dissection skills and anatomical knowledge in the subsequent fundamental cadaver dissection course.     

再论日本国立大学法人制度

本文对走过了5年发展历程的日本国立大学法人制度进行了反思.国立大学法人制度被认为是以独立行政法人制度为原型,根据大学特点进行修正而成的.但政府正在通过资源分配和评价加强对国立大学法人的控制.目前的国立大学法人制度依然存在诸多缺陷,亟待改革和完善.     

Simulation on Foft—Switching PWM Converter with High Power Factor

A new PWM converter based on soft-switching is introduced.The converter uses a minimum number of devices,and requires less switching operations than conventional techniques,Switching is realized solely in a ZVS)zero voltage switching)mode,therefore the loss is reduced and EMI(electromagnetic interference)is suppressed.The paper analyzes the operation of ZVS,and discusses the methods for maintaining a unit power factor and constant DC voltage.Changing the modulation index M and the phase angle θ keeps the input current in phase with the voltage.It also keeps the current sinusoidal,and ensures a constant output voltage.     

日本的教育经济学:实证分析的展望和课题(续)

本总结了迄今为止日本教育经济学中实证研究的成果，探讨了今后需要进一步研究的课题。本从以下几个方面阐述了日本教育经济学的发展，即人力资本理论和教育收益率、劳动市场与教育、教育成果的成因分析、教育产业分析、教育需求的决定因素等，并比较各类研究的目的、方法、结论和政策意义。虽然以上每一个方面都积累了很多研究成果，可是由于资料的限制，教育经济学中的实证研究尚存在着许多有待进一步研究的课题。