校本小学语文教师专业发展的途径与策略

本文讨论了校本的小学语文教师专业发展的途径与策略。主要从以下几个方面进行论述:基于行动研究的教育实验;引导小学语文教师对教学实践进行反思;探求促进小学语文教师专业发展的隐性知识显性化方式;开发小学语文校本课程等策略。     

A multi-Agent system architecture for geographic information gathering

World Wide Web(WWW)is a vast repository of information,including a great deal of geographic information.But the location and retrieval of geographic information will require a significant amount of time and effort. In addition,different users usually have different views and interests in the same information. To resolve such problems,this paper first proposed a model of geographic information gathering based on multi-Agent(MA)architecture. Then based on this model,we construct a prototype system with GML(Geography Markup Language). This system consists of three tiers-Client,Web Server and Data Resource. Finally,we expatiate on the process of Web Server.     

Historical perspective taking: A standardized measure for an aspect of students' historical thinking

Researchers widely agree that learning history should involve more than learning historical facts and should include competencies of historical thinking. Various models of historical thinking view students' competency to take historical perspectives as a standard in history education. In this study we introduce a standardized measure for historical perspective taking (HPT) consisting of a short scenario set in the German Weimar Republic. We assessed students' HPT by using rating scales; our data were obtained in grammar schools from 170 German 10th graders. Latent class analyses identified three types of students with similar profiles of HPT. One was present-oriented and two showed more or less contextualized historical thinking. Students' history grades were connected to their HPT competency. We discuss limitations of the study and argue for further research on measures assessing students' historical thinking.     

CO2-Einsparpotenziale des Energietr?gers Erdgas

Zusammenfassung Angesichts der staatlichen Klimaschutzziele stellt sich die Frage, wie diese mit m?glichst geringer Beeintr?chtigung einer sicheren Versorgung zu günstigen Preisen erreichbar sind. Erdgas, das im Vergleich zu anderen fossilen Energietr?gern deutlich kohlenstoff?rmer ist und darüber hinaus bei der Verbrennung auch keine weiteren Schadstoffe emittiert, kann hier einen Beitrag leisten. Gegenw?rtig hat Erdgas für die Versorgung mit W?rme sowie bei der Erzeugung von Strom eine erhebliche Bedeutung, die zukünftig weiter wachsen wird. Anhand verschiedener Szenarien werden Prognosen zur weiteren Entwicklung von Erdgas und die Auswirkungen auf die CO₂-Emissionen angestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass der Anteil von Erdgas im Bereich der W?rmeversorgung von 46 % auf 56 % steigen wird. Durch ?nderung des Energiemix und Effizienzsteigerungen kann der CO₂-Aussto? für Raumw?rme daher bis 2020 um 8,3 % gesenkt werden. Für die Stromerzeugung werden alternative Szenarien berechnet. Beim derzeitigen Energiemix k?me es zu einer j?hrlichen Steigerung des CO₂-Aussto?es um 0,8 %. Würde Kohle komplett durch Gas ersetzt, k?nnte der CO₂-Aussto? j?hrlich um 1,9 % gesenkt werden.

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Given the governmental climate targets, the question arises how these targets can be achieved without affecting a secure and cheap energy supply. As natural gas causes less carbon emissions than any other fossil fuel it might be able to make a contribution in this regard. Currently, in the generation of heat and power natural gas plays a significant role, which will further increase in the future. Using several scenarios, we predict the development of the importance of natural gas and the consequences for carbon emissions. The calculations show that the share of natural gas for the supply of heat will increase from 46 % to 56 %. Efficiency increases together with changes in the structure of power generation can reduce heating-related carbon emissions by 8.3 % until 2020. For power generation, we calculate alternative scenarios. If the current structure of power generation is held constant, carbon emissions will increase by 0.8 % p.a. If instead natural gas completely replaces coal and lignite, the carbon emissions will be reduced by 1.9 % per year.

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Dieser Beitrag ist eine Kurzfassung der Studie „Wirtschaftsfaktor Erdgasbranche“, HWWI Policy Paper 1–3, Hamburg     

高职院校音乐剧教学探究

音乐剧是音乐美育中一个重要的分支,是多种艺术交叉的一门学科,具有很强的综合性,涉及知识面极广.探讨了将赏析音乐剧纳入音乐欣赏课程的策略,旨在调动高职学生学习音乐剧的积极性,培养学生的想象力和创造力,提高其审美能力.     

创新教育在高职院校健美操教学中的实践路径

创新教育是高职院校强调学生主体地位和学生学习价值的重要教学理念.教师要了解健美操教学在课程知识、舞蹈动作等方面的整体教学方向.阐述了创新教育在教学方法和舞蹈编排中的应用,并提出了健美操教学在多媒体技术、体育教学理论和教师活动组织等方面的实践路径.     

基于逆向教学设计的高职大学语文课程体系建构研究

在职业教育提职培优新阶段的背景下,基于逆向教学设计的方法,构建高职大学语文课程体系,创新教学方法,并探索新教学模式,旨在凸显高职语文课程教育特点,促进课堂革命,为创新公共基础课程模式提供思路.     

Socially transmitted food preferences can be used to study long-term memory in rats

Immediately after a recently fed rodentdemonstrator interacts with a conspecificobserver, the observer shows a substantially enhanced preference for whatever food its demonstrator ate. Here we show that (1) influence of a single, 30-min interaction with a demonstrator on an observer’s food preference lasts for at least 1 month, and (2) observers interacting on 2 successive days with a demonstrator fed a different diet on each day show significantly enhanced preferences for both diets a month later. Such enduring effects of single, brief interactions between a demonstrator rat and its observer provide an efficient means for studying physiological and behavioral substrates of long-term memory in rodents. Together with the results of previous studies of social influences on food choices of rats, the present results also suggest that rats may use information acquired from conspecifics to identify both toxic and safe foods for many weeks after they have acquired this information.