利用RSS技术构建分布式学习资源网

RSS是一种用于共享新闻标题和其他Web内容的XML格式标准,在互联网上应用非常广泛。本文系统介绍了RSS技术的基本原理,在此基础上提出了一种基于RSS技术的分布式学习资源网框架并对其关键技术进行了分析。该框架由学习资源网站群、内容聚合器和内容阅读器等三部分组成,具有个性化、低成本、屏蔽垃圾信息、便于本地内容管理等优点。     

从改善产业结构政策看中小企业立法

中小企业立法总体上看存在社会政策型和产业政策两种相互对立的模式，前着眼于社会福利的平衡，后重视市场竞争机制的效能，建立产业政策型中小企业法律制度是现代各国中小企业立法的基本目标，建议我国中小企业立法采用产业政策型模式，以期改善我国的产业结构并形成自由公、公平、有序的市场竞争环境。     

Learning to Say No in Chinese

This study investigated the characteristics of adult-child disputes in 10 Mandarinspeaking families in Mainland China. Naturalistic interactions between caregivers and their 2-year-old toddlers were analyzed by coding the occurrence of disputes and the disagreement strategies used by caregivers and toddlers in times of dispute. Results showed that children's most frequent disagreement strategies included direct refusals, protests, and silence. In contrast, adults seldom used silence or refusals but instead used direct positive requests, expressions of dissatisfaction, and prohibitions when disagreeing with their toddlers. Overall, the results from the present study support the notion that disputes are ways to reflect existing social structures and ways by which adults in a culture can socialize children into disagreement strategies appropriate to their roles.     

The Effectiveness of Cooperative and Individualistic Approaches in Teaching Mathematics and English

This paper reports an experimental study into the effects of cooperative and individualistic approaches in teaching Mathematics and English. The study was conducted at a Vacation Learning Camp (VLC) which was held for two weeks in one of the secondary schools in Singapore. This VLC was targeted at Secondary One pupils who were classified as below average based on general ability streaming.

The individualistic teaching approach was assumed to contribute to individual efforts while the cooperative teaching approach was expected to produce cooperativeness among the subjects. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in performances in the main effects classified as the treatment groups and the sex groups in both Mathematics and English; in Mathematics, the individualistic teaching approach was more effective for the male pupils whereas the cooperative teaching approach was more effective with females. However, in English, the results were reversed.

The female pupils in the cooperative group seemed to have improved in their attitude towards learning Mathematics whereas the male pupils in the individualistic group seemed to have a more positive attitude towards learning English.     

Structure and Agency in Adolescents’ Expectations of Pursuing Post-secondary Education

Research in Higher Education - Past studies have supported the view that parent background and family socioeconomic status determine the post-secondary educational expectations of adolescents. They...     

Revamping the funding formula for special education programs in Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to determine the services required by students in special education programs and to estimate the cost of adequately funding special education in Taiwan. Questionnaires were administered to 300 special education teachers at the elementary school level to identify the services required. Thereafter, two focus group interviews were organized to determine the service categories and their cost. The results show that the costs for special education programs vary significantly according to severity of disability, and the weighting for mildly, moderately, and severely disabled students was found to be 3.7, 4.5, and 5.2, respectively. The costs also vary significantly according to the category of disability, and the weighting was found to range from 3.6 for emotionally disabled students and to 5.9 for hearing impaired students. These findings suggest that the current special education funding formula in Taiwan, which ignores these cost differences, should be revamped.     

试论实现人的可持续发展的教育

所有教育的旨趣都是在努力使人潜在的可能性在实践中逐渐转化为现实的存在。使人获得可持续发展的能力,直至实现人的自由全面的发展。为了实现人的可持续发展,我们认为当前的教育要处理好以下四种重要而又是教育中比较基本的关系,以求教于同行。一、人的可持续发展的教育要处理     

个性化英语培训系统的设计与实现

从个性化教育出发，研究将个性化技术应用于英语培训教学上。首先，介绍了培训资源的本体特征和特征描述的表示，接着阐明了基于聚类事务的用户特征聚合的个性化技术。最后，建立一个个性化英语培训系统，描述了系统的信息流程，资料控制器功能结构和系统实现的软件构架。     

海峡两岸职业技能鉴定对比分析

文章对比分析了海峡两岸职业技能鉴定与职业技能检定在起源、性质、法律依据、职业分类、证书等级、激励措施等方面的异同,找出各自的特点与优势,力求达到彼此借鉴、取长补短、共同发展的目的.     

Noise Levels in Hong Kong Primary Schools: Implications for classroom listening

Many researchers have stressed that the acoustic environment is crucial to the speech perception, academic performance, attention, and participation of students in classrooms. Classrooms in highly urbanised locations are especially vulnerable to noise, a major influence on the acoustic environment. The purpose of this investigation was to determine noise levels in one such urban environment, Hong Kong. The ambient noise level, and its relationship to the speech intensity levels of both teachers and students was surveyed in 47 primary school classrooms. Moreover, the presence of acoustical treatments for noise reduction and the use of classroom amplification systems were documented for each classroom. The survey found that the mean occupied noise level was 60.74 dB (A); the mean unamplified and amplified speech‐to‐noise ratios of teachers were 13.53 dB and 18.45 dB, respectively; while the mean unamplified speech‐to‐noise ratio for students was 4.13 dB. Most of the classrooms exhibited insufficient acoustical treatments to provide significant noise reduction. The listening environment in many Hong Kong primary schools was not favourable for optimal classroom learning. Recommendations for improving the acoustical environment in classrooms in highly urbanised locations such as Hong Kong are discussed.