美国五年制教师教育项目的经验和启示

作为教师专业化发展的重要途径,近年来美国五年制教师教育项目增长迅速.斯坦福大学和弗吉尼亚大学教师教育项目的成功经验表明,要推动我国五年制教师教育项目的发展,我们就要从改善学生学习的角度出发调整教师教育思路,并能根据高等院校的具体情况采用恰当的教师教育模式.     

Understanding human influence on climate change in China

China''s climate has been warming since the 1950s, with surface air temperature increasing at a rate higher than the global average. Changes in climate have exerted substantial impacts on water resources, agriculture, ecosystems and human health. Attributing past changes to causes provides a scientific foundation for national and international climate policies. Here, we review recent progress in attributing the observed climate changes over past decades in China. Anthropogenic forcings, dominated by greenhouse gas emissions, are the main drivers for observed increases in mean and extreme temperatures. Evidence of the effect of anthropogenic forcings on precipitation is emerging. Human influence has increased the probability of extreme heat events, and has likely changed the occurrence probabilities for some heavy precipitation events. The way a specific attribution question is posed and the conditions under which the question is addressed present persistent challenges for appropriately communicating attribution results to non-specialists.     

Replication,pathogenicity, and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in minks

Minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to humans. However, the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 in minks are largely unknown. Here, we investigated and found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and transmits efficiently in minks via respiratory droplets; pulmonary lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 in minks are similar to those seen in humans with COVID-19. We further found that a spike protein-based subunit vaccine largely prevented SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks. Our study indicates that minks are a useful animal model for evaluating the efficacy of drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 and that vaccination is a potential strategy to prevent minks from transmitting SARS-CoV-2.     

学术迹及其应用研究的综述

[目的/意义]综述目前学术迹在学术影响力评价中的应用研究。[方法/过程]从学术迹的概述、学术迹的相关指标、学术迹的应用与学术迹的缺陷及改进这4个方面系统地分析了学术迹作为新的指标体系在各学术主、客体学术影响力评价中的作用。[结果/结论]学术迹这一指标存在忽略论文合作现象、时效性差、评价不全面的缺陷,今后应加强和完善。     

论我国图书馆的危机与危机管理

通过对我国图书馆危机的阐述和分析,提出了在图书馆实际工作中解决危机的必要性,并在此基础上提出了危机管理的具体步骤和方法,从而使图书馆能在危机面前采取前瞻性措施。     

科学数据共享FAIR原则:背景、内容及实践

[目的/意义]FAIR原则已经成为科学数据管理的国际准则,研究该原则的理念内涵将有助于我国科学数据管理工作的布局与实践。[方法/过程]基于文献调研和网络调研,首先从时代特性角度分析了FAIR原则的产生背景;然后透过关键语词详细解析了可发现、可访问、可互操作、可重用4项子原则的具体内容;最后从学术会议、研究成果、科学计划、数据出版四个方面介绍了FAIR原则的研究与实践进展。[结果/结论]文章认为,数据资源持续积累、科学研究范式变革、数据共享全球行动为FAIR原则产生奠定了背景,4项子原则及其15条具体原则层层递进,共同描绘了FAIR体系。未来的科学数据共享系统将朝着融合化、智能化、生态化方向发展。     

美国大学终身制教师专业发展模式初探

终身制教师的专业发展日益成为美国大学校园关注的焦点。本文从教师专业化的角度出发,论述了美国大学终身制教师的心理、生理、教学、科研方面存在的问题和美国大学针对这些问题实施的可选性计划、规定性计划、联合性计划等三种教师专业发展模式,最后提出了制定终身制教师专业发展的原则及建议。     

对盐类水解反应规律的再思考

水解反应规律:有弱才水解,无弱不水解,弱弱双水解,谁强显谁性,都弱具体定.其中"弱弱双水解"是指弱酸根离子与弱碱根离子的水解相互促进,发生双水解反应,那么弱酸根离子与弱碱根离子相遇是否一定发生双水解反应呢?     

Collection Revitalization,Art Education

"The Immortal Heritage:Exposition of Selected Works of the French Academy of Fine Arts from the National Art Museum of China(NAMOC)",an important program of"Col...     

海南省高职高专图书馆现状与发展对策

对海南省高职高专图书馆的体制、馆舍、文献、人员等办馆条件的现状通过书面和实地系统调查,在评价分析的基础上,重点从六个方面提出了加强、加快高职高专图书馆建设与发展的对策。