中非关系的发展与展望

中非之间的交往历史源远流长,有文字记载的历史已达两千多年。丝绸和瓷器始终是古代中国与非洲贸易的主要产品。随着历史的演进,中非之间的互动贸易渠道不断增多、内容不断丰富、手段也呈多样化,所有这一切构成了一幅古代中非交往的壮丽史诗。新中国成立以后,中非关系取得了巨大的进展,中非之间在相互反殖、反帝、反霸斗争中建立了深厚的友谊。改革开放以来,中非关系在经贸领域发展迅速,特别是近年来,中非关系进入了一个重要的历史机遇期。尽管当前中非关系中存在一些不稳定的因素,但总体来看中非关系仍将继续大步向前发展。     

农村医疗卫生政策创新的法制保障

农村医疗卫生政策创新与改革是当前我国农村医疗卫生工作面临的一项重要任务.在强调依法治国的条件下,加强法治建设,是消弥政策缺陷、保证政策实施效果的必要举措.为此,从制定基础性法律、建立专项法规体系和修订完善关联性、配套性法律法规体系三个方面着手,加强相关法治建设,是农村卫生政策创新与改革的必然选择.     

Removal of Toluene by Adsorption/Desorption Using Ultra-stable Y Zeolite

The adsorption performance of toluene on ultra-stable Y zeolite(USY) was studied via dynamic adsorption. The effects of bed temperature, initial concentration, and feed flow rate on adsorption were investigated. The Yoon–Nelson model was used to fit the toluene breakthrough curves. The length of mass transfer zone was calculated based on breakthrough curves. The Langmuir–Freundlich model fit the adsorption isotherms of toluene on USY, which indicated that the surface of USY was heterogeneous. The adsorption isosteric heat calculated from adsorption isotherms ranged from 54.3 to 69.8 kJ/mol, indicating physical adsorption. The combined technique of temperature swing adsorption with vacuum swing adsorption(TVSA) exhibited excellent desorption performance, which was attributed to the low desorption activation energy. Under optimized TVSA conditions, the desorption rate of toluene reached 90.6% within 10 min. The long-term cyclic utilization results indicated that the adsorption capacity of USY was stable.     

Complementary feeding patterns among ethnic groups in rural western China

Objective

This study investigated complementary feeding practices among four ethnic groups (Han, Uygur, Tibetan, and Zhuang) based on a cross-sectional survey in rural western China.

Methods

In 2005, a stratified multistage cluster random sampling method was used to recruit 9712 children (7411 Han, 1032 Uygur, 678 Tibetan, and 591 Zhuang) between 6 and 35 months of age and their mothers from 45 counties in 10 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) in western China.

Results

The rates of early introduction (before 6 months) of complementary foods in four ethnic groups (Han, Uygur, Tibetan, and Zhuang) were 71.30%, 95.95%, 82.40%, and 72.30%, respectively. The Infant and Child Feeding Index (ICFI) for Uygur and Tibetan children was lower than that for Han children at all age groups. Uygur children were more likely to have unqualified ICFI compared with Han children in a multivariate logistic regression (odds ratio (OR)=5.138, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.340–6.084). A higher level of maternal education, greater family wealth, and the availability of complementary feeding educational materials decreased the likelihood of an unqualified ICFI. The nutritional status of children (Han, Tibetan, and Zhuang) with qualified ICFI was better than that for children with unqualified ICFI.

Conclusions

Appropriate interventions are required to improve complementary feeding practices in rural western China.

     

巧用信息技术提高音乐教学效果探讨

实现信息技术在音乐教学中的合理应用,是实现音乐教学创新的重要途径。文章结合音乐教学案例,指出教师要借助多媒体实现音乐意境的构建,要在音乐鉴赏中增强学生的音乐体验,要借助信息技术打造能动的音乐氛围,从而提高学生的音乐素养和审美能力。     

Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment Method to Determine Tectonic Stress Patterns

The tectonic stress patterns were determined by a fuzzy comprehensive assessment method. Data of in-situ survey and fault information were utilized in the method. First, by making pressure and tension in the directions of along-river, cross-river, shear clockwise, and shear counterclockwise , 26 types of tectonic stress patterns were presented. And the stress vector of each pattern was obtained with FE software by taking unit displacement as boundary load. Then, by taking the 26 types of tectonic stress patterns as index set and 3 main stresses as factor set and choosing various operators, comparison of directions of computational stress vector and survey stress vector was made and the most possible tectonic stress pattern was obtained. Taking the 26 types of tectonic stress patterns as index set and strike angle as factor set, comparison of relationships between formation of fault and tectonic stress was made,and the tectonic stress patterns were assessed with known fault information. By summarizing the above assessment results, the most impossible tectonic stress pattern was obtained . Finally an engineering case was quoted to validate that the method is more feasible and reliable than traditional empirical method.     

多维立体发展:我国高等教育大众化的理性选择

马丁.特罗的高等教育大众化理论在中国备受推崇,但其影响所及问题也层出不穷;需要对其理论的"普适性"进行反思。特罗的"量变带动质变"理论已在我国"扩招"实践中受到质疑,我国高等教育大众化要处理好数量、质量、结构和效益及其关系,走综合提高、多维立体发展之路。     

论工作本位学习中职业能力的习得

职业教育中职业能力的本质是个体将所学的知识、技能和态度在特定的职业活动或情境中进行类化、迁移与整合所形成的能完成一定职业任务的能力。职业能力习得理论有行为主义的习惯论和认知的闭环理论、图式理论和信息加工理论。职业能力习得过程包括掌握程序性知识的陈述性形式阶段、陈述性知识向程序性知识转化阶段和程序性知识向职业能力转化阶段。职业能力习得的途径有实践性习得途径和理论性习得途径。     

文学文本批评的文化视域

学本批评的逻辑定性，基原于批评与欣赏展开的化论域。不同的化论域。导致了批评原则、基准、视角的差异。批评活动中无法剔除的主观性及历史性使批评无法成为客观的科学。批评的非科学化为本的多义性提供了历史的合理性根据。于是本始终以期待形式向未来的批评视域敞开。     

大数据技术下软件工程教学模式探索

文章详细分析了大数据时代背景下对软件工程教育产生的冲击,详细分析了如何通过丰富教学内容、加强师资力量的建设、寻找科学的教学方法等三个方面进行软件工程教学的改革,有效促进高校对软件工程学生综合素质的培养,以期为我国培养更多的优秀人才。