Convergent genomic signatures of high-altitude adaptation among domestic mammals

Abundant and diverse domestic mammals living on the Tibetan Plateau provide useful materials for investigating adaptive evolution and genetic convergence. Here, we used 327 genomes from horses, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and dogs living at both high and low altitudes, including 73 genomes generated for this study, to disentangle the genetic mechanisms underlying local adaptation of domestic mammals. Although molecular convergence is comparatively rare at the DNA sequence level, we found convergent signature of positive selection at the gene level, particularly the EPAS1 gene in these Tibetan domestic mammals. We also reported a potential function in response to hypoxia for the gene C10orf67, which underwent positive selection in three of the domestic mammals. Our data provide an insight into adaptive evolution of high-altitude domestic mammals, and should facilitate the search for additional novel genes involved in the hypoxia response pathway.     

Large-scale multiferroic complex oxide epitaxy with magnetically switched polarization enabled by solution processing

Complex oxides with tunable structures have many fascinating properties, though high-quality complex oxide epitaxy with precisely controlled composition is still out of reach. Here we have successfully developed solution-based single-crystalline epitaxy for multiferroic (1-x)BiTi_(1-y)/2Fe_yMg_(1-y)/2O₃–(x)CaTiO₃ (BTFM–CTO) solid solution in large area, confirming its ferroelectricity at the atomic scale with strong spontaneous polarization. Careful compositional tuning leads to a bulk magnetization of 0.07 ± 0.035 μ_B/Fe at room temperature, enabling magnetically induced polarization switching exhibiting a large magnetoelectric coefficient of 2.7–3.0 × 10⁻⁷ s/m. This work demonstrates the great potential of solution processing in large-scale complex oxide epitaxy and establishes novel room-temperature magnetoelectric coupling in epitaxial BTFM–CTO film, making it possible to explore a much wider space of composition, phase, and structure that can be easily scaled up for industrial applications.     

网络信息分类组织研究的重点、热点及其他

概括了6年来网络分类信息组织研究的重点、热点、特点及问题.     

一种最优无线电信道分配方案

在信道复用距离为常数,相邻的基站信道相差的条件下,研究了蜂窝状通信系统的最优信道分配问题。给出了此信道分配问题的数学模型,并论证了该模型求出的是最优解,并深入阐述了通信系统的信道分配问题。     

从中国传统文化看休闲

本文从中国传统文化出发,对“休闲”内涵给出了具有人类学意义的定义,论证了休闲人与自身以及与自然和谐的内在机制。     

对盐类水解反应规律的再思考

水解反应规律:有弱才水解,无弱不水解,弱弱双水解,谁强显谁性,都弱具体定.其中"弱弱双水解"是指弱酸根离子与弱碱根离子的水解相互促进,发生双水解反应,那么弱酸根离子与弱碱根离子相遇是否一定发生双水解反应呢?     

教授化学·欣赏化学·传播化学

介绍了PeterAtkins教授从事的大众科学教育工作,所著《Atkins'分子》被称为“迄今为止最美丽的化学”。他对化学教育的独特视角,认为应该教授化学学科核心的简单概念,使学生即使忘了所教内容也能记住这些概念;引导学生用化学的眼光看待世界,欣赏化学的成就,享受化学的乐趣。作为IUPAC教育委员会主席,他介绍了IUPAC在传播化学,即在提高全球化学教育质量以及在大众中普及化学所扮演的角色。     

关于低素质家长及其教育方式对学生心理健康影响的思考

当前,“在中小学生中开展心理健康教育,促进学生心理素质的提高”的课题研究越来越引起各方面的重视。广大教育工作者深深认识到:中小学生心理健康教育是素质教育中的重要组成部分,是未来人才素质的一项重要内容。要实现这一项重要的使命,必须要有学校教育、家庭教育和社会教育     

主客观信息融合的港口综合能源系统评价指标体系

为建立绿色港口,实现港口的节能环保,对港口综合能源系统(port integrated energy system,PIES)的评价方法进行研究,提出一种主客观信息融合的PIES评价指标体系,将主观评价与数理统计模型进行结合,兼顾评价过程中的主客观因素,并采用基于马氏距离的统计检验方法对评分矩阵进行修正,实现对PIES的全面评价。通过青岛港董家口港区的调研数据,验证该方法的有效性。