月亮意象原始及嬗变

我们对月亮神话的分析中看到原始的信息是先民们对生殖的崇拜，赋予月亮阴性特征；随后月亮本身具有的视觉审美特征和女性的月水守信共同衍生了月亮比德入诗，具有爱情忠贞、君子守信的意义；唐以来月亮表达了一种人情结——富有悲剧意识之思，从而月亮学意象内涵便凝固了下来。这三次转变都未脱离月亮的视觉特征，但它们本身又是承传发展的。     

Tandem Biocatalysis by CotA-TJ102@UIO-66-NH2 and Novozym 435 for Highly Selective Transformation of HMF into FDCA

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid(FDCA) is a potential biorenewable chemical for applications including plastics, polyamides, drugs, etc. The selective biosynthesis of FDCA from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) by a specific enzyme poses a great challenge. In this study, we reported an efficient strategy to produce FDCA from HMF by the tandem biocatalysis of laccase(Cot A-TJ102@UIO-66-NH_2) and Novozym 435. For the first step, a nanoparticle metal–organic framework was synthesized as a carrier to immobilize Cot A-TJ102@UIO-66-NH_2, which was assigned for the production of 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid(FFCA) and featured an enzyme loading of 255.54 mg/g, specific activity of 135.90 U/mg, and solid loading ratio of 99.65%. Under optimal conditions, an ideal FFCA yield of 98.5% was achieved, and the Cot A-TJ102@UIO-66-NH_2 presented a high recycling capacity after 10 cycles. For the second step, Novozym 435 was applied for the further conversion of FFCA into FDCA, presenting a high FDCA yield of 95.5% under the optimized conditions. Novozym 435 also exhibited a high recyclability after eight cycles. As a result, the tandem biocatalysis strategy provided a 94.2% FDCA yield from HMF, indicating its excellence as a method for FDCA production.     

Multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design of high-speed train head shape

To improve the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains (HSTs) running in the open air, a multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design method for the head shape of a HST is proposed in this paper. A parametric model of the HST was established and seven design variables of the head shape were extracted. Sample points and their exact values of optimization objectives were obtained by an optimal Latin hypercube sampling (opt. LHS) plan and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations, respectively. A Kriging surrogate model was constructed based on the sample points and their optimization objectives. Taking the total aerodynamic drag force and the aerodynamic lift force of the tail coach as the optimization objectives, the multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design was performed based on a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) and the Kriging model. After optimization, a series of Pareto-optimal head shapes were obtained. An optimal head shape was selected from the Pareto-optimal head shapes, and the aerodynamic performance of the HST with the optimal head shape was compared with that of the original train in conditions with and without crosswinds. Compared with the original train, the total aerodynamic drag force is reduced by 2.61% and the lift force of the tail coach is reduced by 9.90% in conditions without crosswind. Moreover, the optimal train benefits from lower fluctuations in aerodynamic loads in crosswind conditions.     

略论加强我国教育行政监督

“教育行政监督是指有关机关对教育行政主体在教育行政过程中是否依法行政进行监督的活动.”在当前我国高等教育快速发展的新形势下,借鉴国外教育行政监督的经验,切实加强我国教育行政监督,对于防止权力滥用,保障高等教育事业健康发展,具有十分重要的意义.     

入世与我国企业人力资源的开发管理

加入世贸会给我国的人才队伍带来冲击，也带来机遇；我们应采取各种措施，积极应对，在全球化的竞争中立于不败之地。     

自主学习及其培养措施

本文介绍了自主学习的理论基础及其内涵，并提出了培养学习自主性的措施。     

氯地酚和FSH对猕猴超数排卵的比较及其在兔输卵管内受精的研究

在不考虑月经周期的情况下连续灌喂氯地酚5天,每天50mg,第8天肌注hCG2000IU,对猕猴具有一定的卵泡超数发育作用,最多可使双侧卵巢共24个卵泡发育,最大卵泡直径5—6mm,但不同个体反应变化较大。FSH hCG超排方案(考虑或不考虑月经周期,连续肌注FSH6天,共80—90IU,第8天肌注hCG2500IU)比氯地酚效果较好,最多可使双侧卵巢共28个卵泡发育,卵泡最大直径10mm,另外在1只猕猴观察到5个卵泡破裂将卵排出。电刺激采得之猕猴精子经洗涤后与用以上两种超排方案以卵泡吸得之卵子一同输入兔输卵管进行受精,获得2个原核期受精卵和1个桑椹胚。     

某市热电公司薪酬制度改革案例

引言：某市热电集团公司是一家具有几十年历史的市属国有企业。1993年6月，集团公司以其经营性资产经评估后投入生产性净资产7300万元作为国家股，并定向募集法人股和内部职工股设立热电股份公司，总股本8000万元。股份公司于1996年在上海证券交易所发行新股上市。乃至2000年初，该公司又将本市东山电厂等5个企业通过股权重组纳入集团公司体系，并经董事会议选举秦祥生担任董事长职务。秦总一上任，就遇到一个难题。原来，无论是普通员工还是各级管理人员对于现行的薪酬制度都表现出相当的不满，而科学的薪酬制度对于提升员工工作积极性、迅速打开工作局面又恰恰具有十分重要的意义，因此，必须要进行一场彻底地薪酬制度改革了。然而，受到各种主客观多方面条件的限制，要搞一次成功的薪酬制度改革并不是一件轻而易举的事情。目前，这一问题已成为秦总最为牵肠挂肚的事情。     

我国高校开展远程教育的现状分析

从1998年9月至2001年春,教育部批准了45所高等院校通过网络技术开办远程高等教育,其中44所是普通高校。本文以44所的网络教育学院为研究对象,前一部分介绍和分析远程教学中的几个重要主题,如办学层次与规模、学习模式、教学管理、学生支持服务及教学技术平台等;后一部分描述和评价网上教学的开放性、灵活性、质量保证、规模与效益等主题。尽管网上教学有种种优势,但这些优势能否充分发挥,取决于良好的网上管理、优质课程、教学设计、资源共享、教学传递及学生支持服务等等。希望本研究能有助于网络教育机构之间的合作,并对网上教育工作者建设高质量的网上教学有所启发。     

现代企业员工培训的思考

在国有企业深化改革的进程中,对于企业员工培训存在着误区。本文从分析当前企业培训认识上的误区着手,从开发企业人力资源、激励员工、提升企业战斗力三个方面阐述了企业员工培训的重要地位,并结合实际,提出如何完善员工培训,促进企业发展的一些建议。