无线网络下的动态分块校验机制（英文）

由于无线链路易受到外界干扰，导致数据传输的误码率较高，从而使得数据包成功传输概率降低。而误码所造成的丢包会使无线链路上的TCP传输自动降速，从而对正常的TCP数据传输造成较大影响。针对上述问题，本文在802.11协议的MAC层提出了一种新的校验机制，采用动态分块校验的方法对数据包进行验证，并采用新的方法来计算重传次数。实验表明，本校验机制可以有效提高数据包成功传输概率，进而改善了无线链路上的TCP传输性能，同时保证了多个数据流传输的公平性和数据的正确性。     

经济欠发达地区“校本培训”模式探索

校本培训在我国的师资综合素质提高方面起到了重要作用,新形势下中小学新课改给广大教师提出了挑战,提高中小学教师师资专业素质成为迫在眉睫的问题。根据经济欠发达地区的现实困难和这些地区中小学教师的实际,可以利用“校本培训”理论,探索出提高这些地区中小学教师综合素质的培训模式。     

塞外承德曾是龚自珍理想的归隐之地

一位旷代天才,国士无双的龚自珍,世代簪缨．出生在人间天堂杭州。果真对塞北小山城的承德情有独钟吗?     

Influence of an Environmental Studies Course on Attitudes of Undergraduates at an Engineering University

Studies suggest that at engineering universities, where the percentage of males and engineering majors is high, pro-environmental attitudes are likely to be weak and may not change. The 15-item New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale was used to measure differences in student attitudes before and after an environmental studies course. Results revealed students held more pro-environmental attitudes about the validity of the ecological crisis, the existence of resource constraints, and the delicacy of nature's balance after the course. Students did not shift their views regarding the domination of humans over the environment or their belief in human ingenuity to overcome resource limits. Engineering majors showed weaker endorsement of the NEP compared to non-engineering majors, but the increase in their endorsement after the course was statistically significant.     

Transforming American High Schools: Possibilities for the Next Phase of High School Reform

The next phase of high school reform is ripe with possibilities. Over the last 3 decades, educational research has identified a number of promising and effective high school models. Research demonstrates the benefits of career academies and early college schools. Schools that offer small, personalized environments; comprehensive approaches to schoolwide instruction and operations; and integrated opportunities to experience career and college have exhibited positive impacts on labor market outcomes, student achievement, or high school graduation. Guided by advances in research of high school reform and recent education policy, leaders and funders of reform and educational innovations should seek to further integrate structural arrangements and instructional practices with local employers and higher education institutions. Reforms should also search for ways to accelerate rapid and dramatic improvements in school performance.     

When procedures discourage insight: epistemological consequences of prompting novice physics students to construct force diagrams

ABSTRACT

One aim of school science instruction is to help students become adaptive problem solvers. Though successful at structuring novice problem solving, step-by-step problem-solving frameworks may also constrain students’ thinking. This study utilises a paradigm established by Heckler [(2010). Some consequences of prompting novice physics students to construct force diagrams. International Journal of Science Education, 32(14), 1829–1851] to test how cuing the first step in a standard framework affects undergraduate students’ approaches and evaluation of solutions in physics problem solving. Specifically, prompting the construction of a standard diagram before problem solving increases the use of standard procedures, decreasing the use of a conceptual shortcut. Providing a diagram prompt also lowers students’ ratings of informal approaches to similar problems. These results suggest that reminding students to follow typical problem-solving frameworks limits their views of what counts as good problem solving.     

Alternative organisational learning therapy: An empirical case study using behaviour and U theory

This paper draws on the concept and process of deeper learning, namely the U theory (Senge, Scharmer, Jaworski, &; Flowers, 2004a). As a driver to get a deeper exploration of organisational change process, the theory of U goes beyond the interpersonal aspects of learning, instead focusing on a deeper personal generative learning that emphasizes seven capacities along the deep learning process. Corporations in Taiwan have been striving in a globalised world economy for market competitiveness through organisational learning and change and this study seeks to understand adult workers’ engagement with deep learing. Based on the theory of planned behaviour, the study investigated how personal backgrounds, attitude, perceived subject norm and perceived behavioural control affected adult workers’ intention of deeper learning using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis. Data were collected from working adults (N=512) in a high tech company located in Taipei. Results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the independent variables, namely adult workers’ attitudes, perceived social pressure, and behavioural control, and the dependent variables (i.e., the seven capacities within U theory). In addition, among three independent variables, subjective norm had the strongest predictive power on the successful diffusion of the U theory.     

政府公共危机信息预警流程与控制研究

从理论上分析政府公共危机信息预警的重要性,根据危机信息处理的过程和预警流程构成要素构建政府公共危机信息预警流程。同时,对平衡计分卡的4个方面进行改动,并在此基础上阐述如何对每个方面进行有力的控制,以保证政府公共危机信息预警流程的顺利运行,进而实现公共危机预警的目标。     

A transparent cell-culture microchamber with a variably controlled concentration gradient generator and flow field rectifier

Real-time observation of cell growth provides essential information for studies such as cell migration and chemotaxis. A conventional cell incubation device is usually too clumsy for these applications. Here we report a transparent microfluidic device that has an integrated heater and a concentration gradient generator. A piece of indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass was ablated by our newly developed visible laser-induced backside wet etching (LIBWE) so that transparent heater strips were prepared on the glass substrate. A polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic chamber with flow field rectifiers and a reagent effusion hole was fabricated by a CO₂ laser and then assembled with the ITO heater so that the chamber temperature can be controlled for cell culturing. A variable chemical gradient was generated inside the chamber by combining the lateral medium flow and the flow from the effusion hole. Successful culturing was performed inside the device. Continuous long-term (>10 days) observation on cell growth was achieved. In this work the flow field, medium replacement, and chemical gradient in the microchamber are elaborated.