着力推进高校基层服务型党组织建设的有效途径研究

加强基层服务型党组织建设是十八大报告提出的马克思主义执政党的建设目标之一。针对目前基层党组织建设的成效和问题,可以通过服务理念、队伍建设、服务平台、评价体系、保障机制等途径有效推进基层服务型党组织建设。     

CSCL中促进协作知识建构的策略

计算机支持的协作学习（CSCL）是近年来教育技术和学习科学研究的热点,协作知识建构是CSCL的主要学习方式和学习目标,如何支持和促进协作知识建构是教育研究者和实践者关注的焦点问题之一。在社会建构主义和对话学习理论基础上建立的基于对话的教学设计和基于研究与实践的协作学习过程模型可以作为一种系统的教学模式,引入到CSCL学习环境中来支持协作知识建构。网络环境下协作学习困难和问题调查,以及CSCL课程实践证明：旨在提高学生对话能力,促进学生不同类型对话产生和发展,培养学生批判性思维能力的促进协作知识建构的教学设计和实施策略是有效的,学生在协作学习中能掌握并运用这些策略来促进协作学习。实现知识建构的目标。     

英文版科技期刊编辑人员业务素质的自我培养

英文版科技期刊的质量与英文编辑的业务素质关系十分密切.合格的科技期刊英文编辑必须具备广博的专业知识、熟练的编辑技能、深厚的科技英语写作能力和高度责任心.要具备这些素质需要一个不断提高的过程.根据我国目前科技期刊英文编辑队伍的实际情况,论述怎样快速成为一名合格的英文编辑,并提出多种有效提高英文编辑业务素质的途径.     

创业企业的控制权与企业家才能匹配关系研究

创业企业里的控制权与剩余索取权之所以不匹配,是因为在创业企业里要求控制权与企业家才能必须匹配,而这两种不同性质的匹配通常不完全重合所致。受无差异曲线理论的启示,通过引入风险投资家与创业家两种企业家才能变量,构建了创业企业的等效企业价值曲线与企业家才能投入约束曲线的模型,分析说明了企业家才能与创业企业控制权匹配问题。     

Establishment of gender- and age-specific reference intervals for serum liver function tests among the elderly population in northeast China: a retrospective study

IntroductionReference intervals (RIs) for younger population may not apply to the elderly population. The aim of this study was to establish gender- and age-specific RIs for serum liver function tests among the elderly population and to compare with younger population RIs currently used in China and other countries.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective study, and subjects (≥ 18 year-old) were recruited from the laboratory information system (LIS) at the First Hospital of Jilin University between April 2020 and April 2021. The following parameters were collected: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL). The Tukey method was used to eliminate outliers. Reference intervals were established by the nonparametric method.ResultsA total of 23,597 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. From all parameters AST, ALT, TP and ALB required no gender partition, while ALT, GGT, TP, ALB and DBIL required different partitions for age. Activities and concentrations of ALT, ALB, and TP showed a downward trend in the elderly aged 60-89. In contrast, DBIL showed a gradual upward trend.ConclusionThe RIs for liver function tests among healthy elderly population were different from those among young population in China. There were apparent gender and age differences in the RIs of liver function for elderly and significant differences compared with national standards and RIs in other countries. Therefore, it is necessary to establish gender- and age-specific RIs for serum liver function tests among the elderly population.     

虚拟社区研究现状及展望

在阐述虚拟社区定义和分类的基础上,采用内容分析法,从文献的研究内容及研究方法两个维度切入．对国内外虚拟社区研究现状做了简要的统计及分析。认为我国对虚拟社区的应用、绩效评估以及产业化应用等内容的研究相对缺乏,研究方法上并不注重定量分析方法的应用。目前我国在虚拟社区研究及实际应用中亟待解决虚拟社区成员行为方面的定量研究、虚拟社区在知识共享上的运作机制及绩效评价这两方面的问题。     

The mediating effects of needs satisfaction on the relationships between prior knowledge and self-regulated learning through artificial intelligence chatbot

The anthropomorphic characteristics of artificial intelligence (AI) can provide a positive environment for self-regulated learning (SRL). The factors affecting adolescents' SRL through AI technologies remain unclear. Limited AI and disciplinary knowledge may affect the students' motivations, as explained by self-determination theory (SDT). In this study, we examine the mediating effects of needs satisfaction in SDT on the relationship between students' previous technical (AI) and disciplinary (English) knowledge and SRL, using an AI conversational chatbot. Data were collected from 323 9th Grade students through a questionnaire and a test. The students completed an AI basic unit and then learned English with a conversational chatbot for 5 days. Confidence intervals were calculated to investigate the mediating effects. We found that students' previous knowledge of English but not their AI knowledge directly affected their SRL with the chatbot, and that satisfying the need for autonomy and competence mediated the relationships between both knowledge (AI and English) and SRL, but relatedness did not. The self-directed nature of SRL requires heavy cognitive learning and satisfying the need for autonomy and competence may more effectively engage young children in this type of learning. The findings also revealed that current chatbot technologies may not benefit students with relatively lower levels of English proficiency. We suggest that teachers can use conversational chatbots for knowledge consolidation purposes, but not in SRL explorations.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies can potentially support students' self-regulated learning (SRL) of disciplinary knowledge through chatbots.
• Needs satisfaction in Self-determination theory (SDT) can explain the directive process required for SRL.
• Technical and disciplinary knowledge would affect SRL with technologies.

What this paper adds

• This study examines the mediating effects of needs satisfaction in SDT on the relationship between students' previous AI (technical) and English (disciplinary) knowledge and SRL, using an AI conversational chatbot.
• Students' previous knowledge of English but not their AI knowledge directly affected their SRL with the chatbot.
• Autonomy and competence were mediators, but relatedness was not.

Implications for practice and/or policy

• Teachers should use chatbots for knowledge consolidation rather than exploration.
• Teachers should support students' competence and autonomy, as these were found to be the factors that directly predicted SRL.
• School leaders and teacher educators should include the mediating effects of needs satisfaction in professional development programmes for digital education.