Periodontal status and associated risk factors among childbearing age women in Cixi City of China

Objective:To investigate the periodontal status and associated risk factors among women of childbearing age to increase the awareness of oral health.Methods:The study was conducted on childbearing age women in Cixi,a city in Zhejiang Province in the southeast of China.A total of 754 women participated in periodontal examination while receiving prenatal care.Data of the women were collected from the Cixi Family Planning Commission and during an interview.Clinical periodontal indices,such as bleeding on probing(BOP),probing depth(PD),and clinical attachment level(CAL) were measured during the examination.Statistical analysis on subject-based data was performed.Results:The prevalence of periodontal disease among childbearing age women in Cixi was high(84.7%).A significant association was found between the disease and educational level,pregnancy,taking oral contraceptives,stress,alcohol consumption,overweight,dental visit,and teeth brushing(P<0.05).Women who suffered periodontal disease showed deep PD,obvious BOP,and clinical attachment loss.Among this population,pregnancy was closely associated with higher BOP percentage;teeth brushing no more than once per day or brushing for less than 1 min(P<0.001) after adjusting for age and stress.Conclusions:The periodontal status of childbearing age women in Cixi needs to be improved urgently.Attention towards the periodontal health should be warranted,especially for those in special statuses and with poor awareness.     

“感觉”的运用实现了科学歌唱发声状态培养的简化

一切的声乐技能都是靠自己的意识来控制发声器官的,按照意识预定要求进行动作结果的。发声的各个器官的互相搭配其实也是人的一种本能的意识反应,建立科学发声状态是通过自身感觉的调控,使复杂的肌肉运动准确化、歌唱运用共鸣和呼吸合理化、技巧的掌握简单化,最后实现演唱的自动化。     

High school students’ scientific epistemological beliefs,motivation in learning science,and their relationships: A comparative study within the Chinese culture

This study explored the differences in high school students’ scientific epistemological beliefs (SEBs), motivation in learning science (MLS), and the different relationships between them in Taiwan and China. 310 Taiwanese and 302 Chinese high school students’ SEBs and MLS were assessed quantitatively. Taiwanese students generally were more prone to believe that scientific reality is invented, the development of scientific knowledge is culture-dependent, and scientific knowledge is always changing and its status is tentative than the Chinese students were. Yet, the Taiwanese students perceived higher test anxiety in science than the Chinese students did. Moreover, Chinese students who have a stronger belief that science knowledge is changing and tentative are more likely to perceive themselves as having higher test anxiety in science. The results suggest that the role of culture might have an impact on students’ SEBs and their MLS.     

印度芥菜BjPCS1基因的表达提高烟草对重金属的抗性

在植物体内植物络合素(PC)可与重金属螯合,并进一步转运至液泡贮存,使细胞质的重金属浓度降低,从而达到解毒效果。PC不是基因的直接翻译产物,而是以谷胱甘肽(GSH) 为底物由植物络合素合酶催化而成。将来源于重金属超富集植物印度芥菜(Brassica juncea)的植物络合素合酶基因BjPCS1转入烟草,PCR和Northern结果表明,该基因已经整合到烟草基因组中,并在转录水平上表达。在3种重金属(200mmol/L CdCl₂、400mmol/L ZnCl₂、200mmo/L NiCl₂)胁迫条件下,转基因烟草植株的脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛含量、相对电导率和叶绿素含量等指标均优于未转化的对照植株,表明转化BjPCS1基因提高了烟草对3种重金属的抗性,其中转基因烟草抗Cd能力最强,并且转基因烟草的T1代种子在Cd处理的情况下萌发状况明显优于对照。这些结果说明BjPCS1基因在利用基因工程改良植物抗重金属能力和净化环境污染方面,具有良好的应用前景。     

现代图书馆工作中的机构与组织

现代图书馆工作是随着计算机技术的应用而体现出来的,它涉及的面不仅包括传统的图书馆管理,而且需要引入企业的管理经验和理论。图书馆的工作是通过建立特色馆藏来吸引更多的读者,围绕这些就必须有完善的规章制度和考核内容,进行重组机构来平衡工作量,把引导性导读转向知识性导读,把学习型向研究型工作深入,真正让读者体验出现代图书馆的品位。     

网络环境下图书馆信息服务的新探索

网络环境下图书馆信息服务工作面临新的挑战。本文就网络环境下图书馆信息服务工作的有关策略做了较全面的论述。     

用经营观念实现图书馆的管理

着重阐述法律法规对图书馆服务的作用,指出经营与以营利为目的是有区别的,图书馆引入经营理念是为了学习企业的管理方法,解决现有管理中出现的问题,而不是走市场化道路。认为图书馆应开展经营活动,尤其是有偿服务,应该执行物价主管部门核定的收费标准,并向社会公示。     

齿轮箱预防性维护基本内容的探讨

论述了齿轮箱预防性维护的基本内容,精心做好这项工作是提高齿轮箱运行可靠性的有效途径。     

重视铅球教学 完善铅球教法

揭示铅球教学在中学体育中的重要性,并提出通过改进和完善铅球教法来提高学生的素质,提高学生的铅球成绩     

情报检索语言的词汇控制问题

本文在情报检索语言和自然语言原理、交流方式等简要比较的基础上,对情报检索中词汇控制的必要性,词汇控制的内容,原则以及词汇控制对检索效率的影响,进行了探讨。