CIDE gene expression in adipose tissue,liver, and skeletal muscle from obese and lean pigs

The expression of the cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor α-like effector (CIDE) family including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec was significantly increased in mouse and human models of obesity. However, there was less information on these genes’ expression in pigs. Here, we hypothesized that different fat accumulation between lean (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire gilts, DLY) and obese (Lantang) pigs was attributed to porcine CIDE-modulating lipid metabolism. Our data showed that Cidea and Cidec were expressed at a high level in adipose tissue, and at a relatively high level in skeletal muscle, whereas Cideb was mainly expressed in the liver in both breeds of pig. Lantang pigs had higher white adipose and skeletal muscle Cidea and Cidec mRNA abundance, and hepatic and muscle Cideb mRNA than DLY pigs. Lipid metabolism-related genes including sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF-4α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), fatty acid synthase (FASN), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), and DGAT2 showed a higher expression level in adipose tissue from obese pigs than in that from lean pigs. Lantang pigs exhibited higher mRNA abundance for liver SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, and PGC-1α, and higher skeletal muscle SREBP-1c, HNF-4α, PGC-1α, and DGAT2 expression, as compared with DLY pigs. However, the perlipin2 mRNA levels in adipose tissues, liver, and skeletal muscle were significantly lower in obese pigs than in their lean counterparts. Furthermore, plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose, and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels were greater in obese pigs than in lean pigs. Finally, data from correlation analysis further found that CIDE mRNA expression was positively correlated with back fat thickness (BFT), abdominal fat mass (AFM), and the levels of NEFA, TAG, and glucose in the two breeds. Collectively, these data revealed that the porcine CIDEs possibly modulated lipid metabolism and contributed to the development of fat deposition and obesity in Lantang pigs.     

当代马克思主义哲学的几个理论问题

本文对当代马克思主义哲学的阶级性问题、发展问题以及马克思主义哲学的中国化问题，作了较为深刻的论述。文中的一些观点，如当代马克思主义哲学是世界性哲学、没有阶级性，马克思主义哲学在其中国化过程中实现了三次理论创新等，相信读者有见仁见智的评析。     

宋代数学发展浅析

宋代是我国古代数学发展的黄金时期,其数学教育为宋元数学的巨大成就奠定了基础.宋代数学教育的高度发展和理学思想的兴起是宋代数学发展的主要原因.     

具有弱单位元的Riesz空间的表示定理之注记

基于前文《Ｒｉｅｓｚ同构于Ｃ（Ｘ）（Ｘ为某一完全正则空间）的Ｒｉｅｓｚ空间的特征》的主要结果，得到一个代数推广，并且研究了在主要结果中使用的一些条件的关系。     

德州市民营担保公司风险管理与评估体系的构建

虽然提法有所差别,但民营信用担保机构风险管理与评估指标体系至少应把来自于政府政策创造的制度环境、作为资金需求方的民营企业信用等级评价标准、作为资金使用供求中介的信用担保机构资质评价标准纳入范畴。     

动静载荷耦合作用下岩石破坏过程研究现状

动静载荷耦合作用下岩石破坏过程研究是深部开采等相关岩土工程的应用基础性研究课题.本文对动静载荷耦合作用下岩石破坏过程研究现状进行了分析,并对该领域今后的研究方向进行了探讨.     

关于做好网络化教学准备工作的探索

本文就网络教学指导思想、教学内容组织原则、网络课件制作等教学准备过程中的问题提出了自己的意见和看法。     

发现“蓝海”之后

随着同名经管书籍的迅速普及，“蓝海战略”已经在过去一年里成为最流行的管理关键词之一。在这个新的战略理论体系中。“红海”代表当前业已存在的饱和市场，在这些市场里，利润前景暗淡，恶性竞争此起彼伏；而“蓝海”则代表未开垦的新兴市场，在这些市场里，客户需求同过去相比发生了重大改变，这给企业带来了利润高速增长的宝贵机会。该理论的创立者已经令人信服地论证了，一种有效的“蓝海战略“能够成功指引企业从红海走向蓝海。     

发达国家政府开发落后区域的成功经验与启示

发达国家政府开发落后区域的主要做法是政府发挥区域开发的导向作用;充分运用政府资源的支持与杠杆作用;重视市场机制和民间力量在开发落后地区中的积极作用.它对我国实施西部开发战略的启示是政府在开发中的角色定位是前提;政府的开发战略是关键;正确处理政府职能与市场功能的关系是保证.     

论科学探究活动中学生自我效能感的培养

自我效能感是动机的核心要素，是主体性学习的心理支持系统。科学探究活动对于培养学生的自我效能感具有重要作用。对自我效能感的内涵、教育定义以及在科学探究活动中培养学生自我效能感的途径作了深入探讨。