2010各国低碳经济评价课题研究报告

CO2排放对于世界气候的影响是新世纪人类面临的最严峻的挑战之一。各国经济总是要发展的。要求所有国家碳排放总量较少是不合理的,也是根本做不到的。但是要求所有的国家（重化工业爆发式增长国家例外）的单位GDP的碳排放（碳强度）逐步减少,却是合理的。如果各国的碳强度的递减,导致碳排放的总量每年平均递减1.38%,全球就能够实现2050年碳排放量减半的目标。评价可以促进这一目标的实现。本课题采用活力评价和竞争力评价两种方法,评价各国的碳强度。活力评价界定为评价时期碳强度递减率及递减率的稳定性的综合。竞争力是尚未表达的能力,是竞争过程变化的能力,竞争目标时间能力需要预测的能力,界定为在竞争的目标时间可能达到的水平的预测。2004-2007年各国GDP活力评价及2010年的竞争力评价如附表。瑞典通过30年碳减排努力,低碳经济的活力和竞争力均居世界第一位。美国碳减排的制度创新和减排技术领先世界,但是由于政府重视不足,活力和竞争力均居各国的中游。中国由于处于重化发展时期,政府和企业做了巨大努力,碳减排成绩虽然巨大,但活力处于各国的中游,竞争力处于下游。按照中国的承诺和发展趋势,可以实现对世界减排的责任。     

Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(HXMT) will be China’s first astronomical satellite.On board HXMT there are three kinds of slat-collimated telescopes,the High Energy X-ray Telescope(HE,20-250 keV,5000 cm~2),the Medium Energy X-ray Telescope(ME,5-30 keV,952 cm2),and the Low Energy X-ray Telescope(LE, 1-15 keV,384 cm2).The typical Field of View(FOV)     

Optimizing the use of ultrasound to deliver chemotherapeutic agents to cancer cells from polymeric micelles

In this study, we present an artificial neural network (ANN) model that attempts to predict the dynamic release of doxorubicin (Dox) from P105 micelles under different ultrasonic power densities at 20 kHz. The goal is to utilize the developed ANN model in optimizing the ultrasound application to achieve a target drug release at the tumor site by controlling power density and ultrasound duration via an ANN-based model predictive control. The parameters of the controller are then tuned to achieve good reference signal tracking.     

Establishment of higher education institutions and new firm entry

The presence of universities has generally been associated with technological entrepreneurship. But what is the real impact of new universities on the levels of firm creation in a region? The present paper uses policy evaluation methodologies and longitudinal data on the establishment of higher education institutions in Portuguese municipalities for the period 1992-2002 to examine its effect on entry rates of new firms in different sectors. We find that the establishment of a new university has a positive and significant effect on subsequent levels of knowledge based firm entry in municipalities, and a negative effect on the levels of entry in other sectors, such as low-tech manufacturing.     

毛泽东对传统文化的创新

毛泽东博览群书、兼收并蓄,对传统文化进行了全面的学习、研究、继承与创新,形成了独到的历史观、哲学观、军事观和文学观,并在躬身自践中实现了传承历史与开创现实的有机结合,为我们树立了学以致用、用胜于学的光辉典范。     

Talent identification and selection process of outfield players and goalkeepers in a professional soccer club

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse the talent identification process of a professional soccer club. A preselection of players (n = 64) aged 9–10 years and a final selection (n = 21) were performed by the technical staff through the observation during training sessions and matches. Also, 34 age-matched players of an open soccer camp (CampP) acted as controls. All participants underwent anthropometric, maturity and performance measurements.

Preselected outfield players (OFs) were older and leaner than CampP (P < 0.05). Besides, they performed better in velocity, agility, endurance and jump tests (P < 0.05). A discriminant analysis showed that velocity and agility were the most important parameters. Finally, selected OFs were older and displayed better agility and endurance compared to the nonselected OFs (P < 0.05). Goalkeepers (GKs) were taller and heavier and had more body fat than OFs; also, they performed worse in the physical tests (P < 0.05). Finally, selected GKs were older and taller, had a higher predicted height and advanced maturity and performed better in the handgrip (dynamometry) and jump tests (P < 0.05).

Thus, the technical staff selected OFs with a particular anthropometry and best performance, particularly agility and endurance, while GKs had a different profile. Moreover, chronological age had an important role in the whole selection process.     

Reflective and integrative learning and the role of instructors and institutions—evidence from Malaysia

Higher Education - The shift in contemporary workplaces has caused higher education institutions to place importance on developing non-academic attributes along with academic success to help...     

Sports injuries in an America's Cup yachting crew: A 4-year epidemiological study covering the 2007 challenge

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe the injuries sustained by an America's Cup crew during eight preparatory competitions of the 32nd America's Cup 2007 and the Louis Vuitton Cup (from October 2004 to June 2007). The anatomical location, type of injury, and mechanism of injury were recorded. The injuries were categorized based on each sailor's position on the boat according to three intensities of physical demands. The injury rates per sailor and per 1000 h of competition were determined. In total, 90 injuries were registered. The overall incidence was 10 injuries per 1000 competition hours. Overuse injuries accounted for 76.6% of all lesions. The most common anatomical location of injuries was the upper limb (36.6%), followed by the upper dorsal and cervical spine (34.4%). Frequency of injury was related to the sailor's position on the boat, being higher in the group with more demanding activities (grinder, bowman, and mastman). Most injuries (67%) were sustained by this group of sailors. The most common injuries in this group were muscle contractures of the quadratus lumborum (11), trapezius (8), and rhomboid (7). There were eight cases of elbow epicondylitis, four cases of tendinopathy of the supraspinous tendon, and three cases of tendinopathy of the biceps brachii. An America's Cup yachting crew is exposed to a high risk of overuse injuries, especially those sailors whose boat position involves high-intensity activity.