基于高技术产业发展的香港制造业重建研究

本文通过对近10年来香港国际竞争力排名演变特征及动因进行分析,指出制造业的空心化和经济基础过于狭窄是导致其经济运行不稳定的主要原因。在此基础上,探讨了重建基于高技术产业发展为导向的香港制造业的必要性和可能性问题。     

An assessment of the impact of science experiences on the career choices of male and female biology students

Earlier studies of gender differences in science courses and careers have identified three probable causes: numbers of mathematics courses, level of science achievement, and attitudes toward science. Recently, differential science experiences have been suggested as a factor contributing to the gender differences found in science interest and achievement. A study of science activities, both within and outside of school, has been conducted. Although both boys and girls report similar classroom experiences, boys more often than girls report extracurricular science activities. The findings suggest that equal experiences within science classrooms do not overcome the advantage that boys hold due to more extracurricular science activities. Increased experiences in science, however, have led to more positive attitudes toward science among the girls in this study.     

Bodily Regulation and Vocational Schooling

Since the late 1980s, young women in South Korea (hereafter Korea) have had to satisfy certain physical requirements in order to gain low-status clerical jobs in larger corporations. This article analyses the impact of these physical requirements on commercial high school education and the subjectivity of the female students. The discussion revolves around three main issues: (1) the socio-economic contexts in which large companies have come to demand certain physical characteristics of lower status female clerical workers; (2) the responses of commercial high schools and female students; and (3) the theoretical implications of this study.     

Park use and physical activity among adolescent girls at two time points

This longitudinal study described park usage and assessed the contribution of parks to moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among adolescent girls. High school girls from California (n = 131) and Minnesota (n = 134) wore a global positioning system (GPS) monitor and accelerometer for 6 consecutive days at two time points, one year apart. Park visits were classified by linking the GPS, accelerometer, and park and built environment data around home and school locations into a geographic information system. At baseline, 20% of girls visited a park at least once (mean 0.1 times/day), which was similar one year later (19%, mean 0.1 times/day). Girls lived a mean Euclidean distance of 0.2 miles to the nearest park at both times. Among all park visits, the mean Euclidean distance of the park visited was 4.1 (baseline) and 3.9 miles (follow-up). The average duration of park visits was higher at baseline (63.9 minutes) compared to follow-up (38.4 minutes). On days when a park was visited, MVPA was higher than on days when a park was not visited. On average, 1.9% (baseline) and 2.8% (follow-up) of MVPA occurred in parks. In this study, parks were an under-used resource for adolescent girls, particularly for MVPA.     

Understanding users’ continuance intentions to use smart-connected sports products

The authors investigate the salient factors that influence users’ continuance intentions to use smart-connected sports products. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), they propose that three major factors—attitude, social comparison as social influence, and perceived behavioral control—significantly influence users’ continuance intentions. Smart-connected sports product users (N = 236) participated in this study. Collected data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) modeling. Results suggest two different attitudinal beliefs—technology-related (perceived usefulness) and fashion-related (perceived comfort) factors—of smart-connected sports products influence attitudes toward the products and that control-related factors (technical functionality and facilitating conditions) play a role in regulating users’ volitional behaviors from their intentions. The authors highlight user beliefs of smart-connected sports products based on TPB and propose a concrete, practical set of factors that practitioners might manipulate to facilitate users’ continuance intentions to use smart-connected sports products.     

The Korean national curriculum for physical education: a shift from edge to central subject

Background: Within the last half century, the Korean national curriculum has undergone seven periods of reform, each at intervals of just 6–8 years. The most recent ‘seventh curriculum’ was developed in 1997, and implemented in schools from 2001. Continual curriculum change has been driven by national and social needs, keeping in line with the philosophical and theoretical positions popular in the field of education. The main theme for the seventh curriculum that sets it apart from previous curriculum reform is it is a ‘differentiated curriculum.'

Purpose: This study is intended to reflect and analyze the historical change of the Korean National Curriculum for Physical Education (KNCPE) over the past 60 years, covering the first through to the seventh curriculum reform phases, and then to propose the shaping and future directions of physical education (PE) national curriculum in Korea in a context of demonstrable global academic achievement among other neoliberal concerns.

Discussion and conclusions: Fifteen years have passed since the inception of this ‘new’ curriculum. A number of studies have been conducted to investigate its educational effects. Nevertheless, the results are unclear and many problems exist in this area. First, PE is still regarded as a minor subject area compared with other subjects such as mathematics or science. Second, major philosophies and principles employed to construct the framework for movement activities are heavily based on Western concepts and approaches. And lastly, many students are still physically unfit and passive in their daily life suggesting that the curriculum messages have not been effective. Now, further change is needed to refocus the PE curriculum, arguing that PE in Korea is at a curriculum cross-roads.     

1997年以来香港科技政策转向及其特征分析

以殖民时期港英政府科技政策的简要回顾为出发点,着重考察1997年以来香港科技政策新的发展趋向,并在此基础上分析香港科技政策演变的特征和面临的挑战.     

Detecting Differential Item Discrimination (DID) and the Consequences of Ignoring DID in Multilevel Item Response Models

Cross‐level invariance in a multilevel item response model can be investigated by testing whether the within‐level item discriminations are equal to the between‐level item discriminations. Testing the cross‐level invariance assumption is important to understand constructs in multilevel data. However, in most multilevel item response model applications, the cross‐level invariance is assumed without testing of the cross‐level invariance assumption. In this study, the detection methods of differential item discrimination (DID) over levels and the consequences of ignoring DID are illustrated and discussed with the use of multilevel item response models. Simulation results showed that the likelihood ratio test (LRT) performed well in detecting global DID at the test level when some portion of the items exhibited DID. At the item level, the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the sample‐size adjusted Bayesian information criterion (saBIC), LRT, and Wald test showed a satisfactory rejection rate (>.8) when some portion of the items exhibited DID and the items had lower intraclass correlations (or higher DID magnitudes). When DID was ignored, the accuracy of the item discrimination estimates and standard errors was mainly problematic. Implications of the findings and limitations are discussed.     

The art of self-concretization as a necropolitical embodiment: The self-immolation of Chun Tae-il

This essay examines Chun Tae-il's self-immolation as an exemplar that showcases how a life deprived of public appearance can enter the public sphere through the willful destruction of one's body. Far from being a strange and curious deviation, self-immolation, I argue, is a necropolitical form of public embodiment for those who have been marginalized and excluded from the space of appearance. Chun Tae-il's self-immolation illustrates that there is an alternative form of self-suspension practiced by subaltern subjects: the art of self-concretization. While all subjects of publicity are required to bracket their self-interests when entering the public realm, Chun Tae-il's self-immolation indicates that the entrance fee for minoritized subjects can be life itself, thus epitomizing the limit condition of self-purgation in the public realm.