A proof of concept for neutralizing antibody-guided vaccine design against SARS-CoV-2

Mutations and transient conformational movements of the receptor binding domain (RBD) that make neutralizing epitopes momentarily unavailable present immune escape routes for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To mitigate viral escape, we developed a cocktail of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) targeting epitopes located on different domains of spike (S) protein. Screening of a library of monoclonal antibodies generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COVID-19 convalescent patients yielded potent NAbs, targeting the N-terminal domain (NTD) and RBD domain of S, effective at nM concentrations. Remarkably, a combination of RBD-targeting NAbs and NTD-binding NAbs, FC05, enhanced the neutralization potency in cell-based assays and an animal model. Results of competitive surface plasmon resonance assays and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of antigen-binding fragments bound to S unveil determinants of immunogenicity. Combinations of immunogens, identified in the NTD and RBD of S, when immunized in rabbits and macaques, elicited potent protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. More importantly, two immunizations of this combination of NTD and RBD immunogens provided complete protection in macaques against a SARS-CoV-2 challenge, without observable antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. These results provide a proof of concept for neutralization-based immunogen design targeting SARS-CoV-2 NTD and RBD.     

信用经济建设视角下我国人事档案制度改革研究

本文对信用经济建设时期我国人事档案制度的尴尬、我国人事档案制度尴尬境遇的成因、我国人事档案制度的改革路径等问题作了阐述.     

基于三维场景的地质遗迹景观精细化遥感解译

针对目前复杂地形区地貌景观地质遗迹形态特征调查困难的问题,提出应用倾斜摄影测量技术构建三维模型以提高调查精度.本文以流纹质火山岩地貌景观调查为例,以仙居神仙居国家地质公园为研究区开展研究,首次进行了复杂地貌区大范围倾斜摄影测量与基于三维场景的地质遗迹景观精细化遥感解译研究.首先应用倾斜摄影测量技术开展研究区测量获取高精...     

新疆排2井区自喷、机械一体化采油方式的研究与应用

基于对新疆排2井区的油藏及初期试油情况的分析与研究,提出了将自喷生产与有杆泵采油相结合的开发方案,设计了一体化的生产管柱。另外,采用机械防砂技术有效实现了防砂目的,并预测了该井区油井的结蜡点,在此基础上采用电热杆加热方式进行清、防蜡。该方案可有效地减少施工时间,提高经济效益,同时对同类型油藏的开发具有指导意义。     

谁为农村义务教育买单?--从政府间财政关系看农村义务教育的投入体系

农村义务教育发展困难的根本原因是经费短缺,那么谁应该为农村义务教育买单呢?首先应该明确义务教育筹资中各级政府的权利和义务,才能建立一个稳定规范的投入保障机制。通过统计数据分析地方投入的能力以及中央投入的力度,依据公平的原则,中央应该通过规范的体系给予地方合适的一般性转移支付来共同保障农村义务教育的稳定投入。     

创造性劳动与劳动价值论——对马克思劳动价值公式的补充

马克思的劳动价值理论深刻揭示了资本剥夺剩余价值的本质。但是随着创新型经济在人类经济活动中日益占据重要地位,有必要对创新性经济的价值来源——创造性劳动进行深入研究。本文认为科学技术是第一生产力,但科学技术是创造性劳动的产品,并不创造价值,创造价值的是创造性劳动。本文认为创造性劳动不同于复杂劳动,创造性劳动常常在极短的时间内耗费大量的劳动力,是一种难以换算为社会平均劳动时间的具有突发性与突变性特点的人类劳动,因此,应当在商品的劳动价值公式中增加创造性劳动的价值。     

A CRISPR/Cas12a-empowered surface plasmon resonance platform for rapid and specific diagnosis of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was partially due to the challenge of identifying asymptomatic and presymptomatic carriers of the virus, and thus highlights a strong motivation for diagnostics with high sensitivity that can be rapidly deployed. On the other hand, several concerning SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, are required to be identified as soon as the samples are identified as ‘positive’. Unfortunately, a traditional PCR test does not allow their specific identification. Herein, for the first time, we have developed MOPCS (Methodologies of Photonic CRISPR Sensing), which combines an optical sensing technology-surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the ‘gene scissors’ clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technique to achieve both high sensitivity and specificity when it comes to measurement of viral variants. MOPCS is a low-cost, CRISPR/Cas12a-system-empowered SPR gene-detecting platform that can analyze viral RNA, without the need for amplification, within 38 min from sample input to results output, and achieve a limit of detection of 15 fM. MOPCS achieves a highly sensitive analysis of SARS-CoV-2, and mutations appear in variants B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.1.529 (Omicron) and BA.1 (a subtype of Omicron). This platform was also used to analyze some recently collected patient samples from a local outbreak in China, identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This innovative CRISPR-empowered SPR platform will further contribute to the fast, sensitive and accurate detection of target nucleic acid sequences with single-base mutations.     

高校学生体育成绩评价指标体系的构建

高校学生体育成绩是学生学习行为结果的反映,学生体育成绩主要反映被评价学生在体育课学习过程中,利用各个方面的正面有效信息强化自己的学习,不断地改进运动技能和学习态度的状况。对学生体育成绩评价的内涵和本质进行了阐述,构建了高校学生体育成绩的评价指标体系。     

封闭到开放:中国高等师范教育的必然选择

21世纪是知识经济的时代，是信息化、学习化社会。面对国际竞争特别是科技革命、知识经济的挑战，高等师范教育惟有从封闭走向开放。这不仅是高等师范教育自身发展的需要，也是高等教育普及化、基础教育改革和发展的必然选择。我国社会经济的快速发展，教育水平的提高，既提升了教师的社会地位，改善了教师的待遇，同时，也为高等师范教育的转型创造了条件。     

引入“在线社会网络”的三重螺旋创新系统模型研究

由Etzkowitz和laydesdorff提出的三重螺旋创新系统模型作为国家创新系统的重要基础理论,由于缺少对社会创新的重要角色——"用户"的关注而迫切需要改进。本文以"在线社会网络"这一"用户"聚集的平台为基础,以嵌入式方法在三重螺旋模型中引入"在线社会网络"要素,阐述了引入"在线社会网络"的三重螺旋模型的运行过程与机制,并提出了引入"在线社会网络"的三重螺旋创新计量算法,实现了创新理论中"用户"角色的明确界定与计量。