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91.
Horowitz A 《Learning & behavior》2011,39(4):314-317
In line with other research, Udell, Dorey, and Wynne’s (in press) finding that dogs and wolves pass on some trials of a putative
theory-of-mind test and fail on others is as informative about the methods and concepts of the research as about the subjects.
This commentary expands on these points. The intertrial differences in the target article demonstrate how critical the choice
of cues is in experimental design; the intersubject-group differences demonstrate how life histories can interact with experimental
design. Even the best-designed theory-of-mind tests have intractable logical problems. Finally, these and previous research
results call for the introduction of an intermediate stage of ability, a rudimentary theory of mind, to describe subjects’ performance. 相似文献
92.
Preschool children (3–4 years old) were trained to perform two actions to gain different outcomes, in the form of video clips
from different cartoons, before one of these outcomes was devalued by noncontingent exposure. The effect of outcome devaluation
was subsequently assessed in an extinction test by giving children the opportunity to perform both actions in the absence
of any outcomes. When the two actions were trained concurrently, performance during the test was modulated by outcome value
and children showed a preference for the action trained with the currently valued outcome. By contrast, when each action was
trained separately on different trials, test performance was insensitive to outcome devaluation. These effects of the training
schedules are interpreted in terms of dual-process theories of action control. 相似文献
93.
94.
我经常收到一些读者投稿,作文前面往往附着自我简介之类的资料,这些文字往往很有灵气,就是家常话也给人一种很亲切的感觉。比如,有个同学爆料她的家庭,说爸爸生意失败,一家人过得很苦,后来爸爸振作精神去跑运输,又出了车祸。妹妹不太听话,吃 相似文献
95.
周星驰了不得,一个人就能把千千万万男女老少逗得前仰后合稀里哗啦。不过,浩瀚搞笑天地,老是靠一人撑着顶着扛着玩着也实在难为他。偏偏他又喜欢孤身作战,老没下决心培养接班人,将周氏搞笑风采有计划有方向地传播延续下去。我等看在眼里,急在心里,特地为星爷苦心搜罗11位头号接班人,请无厘头掌门人尽早留心考察这些人选,争取在明年此时师徒并肩搞笑,星光DOUBLE灿烂! 相似文献
96.
“我1966年毕业于师范学院。但教书的时间不长,因为我被选举为共青团区委第一书记。我记得区党委的一位同志当时对我说:你是教师,共青团工作嘛,跟学校工作是同一回事,主要的是育人。“我已经当了五个月的书记。我区地处农村,学生团员几乎占百分之七十。困难不少。我有时参加会,有时跟青年男女交谈,发现他们对讨论和决定的事情压根儿无所 相似文献
97.
伸展在晶格内的离子键很强,因此从晶格中移走离子是困难的。由于这个原因,离子型化合物具有较高的熔点和沸点。存在于共价型固体或液体中的分子间的作用力没有这样强(除1~2例外),使分子聚集在一起的作用力布遍于固体中也是不强的。考虑下列的气化热: 相似文献
98.
Diversity of Gram negative bacteria antagonistic against major pathogens of rice from rice seed in the tropic environment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
INTRODUCTIONRiceseedharborsadozenofplantpathogen icbacteria (Gotoetal.,1 988;Xieetal.,1 998) .Thebacterialpathogenscausearangeofricediseases,someverydestructivewhileothershavenoeffectonricecropgrowth .Inthisstudy ,wefoundalargenumberofbacteriaasso ciatedw… 相似文献
99.
100.
Burnham D Leigh G Noble W Jones C Tyler M Grebennikov L Varley A 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》2008,13(3):391-404
Caption rate and text reduction are factors that appear to affect the comprehension of captions by people who are deaf or hard of hearing. These 2 factors are confounded in everyday captioning; rate (in words per minute) is slowed by text reduction. In this study, caption rate and text reduction were manipulated independently in 2 experiments to assess any differential effects and possible benefits for comprehension by deaf and hard-of-hearing adults. Volunteers for the study included adults with a range of reading levels, self-reported hearing status, and different communication and language preferences. Results indicate that caption rate (at 130, 180, 230 words per minute) and text reduction (at 84%, 92%, and 100% original text) have different effects for different adult users, depending on hearing status, age, and reading level. In particular, reading level emerges as a dominant factor: more proficient readers show better comprehension than poor readers and are better able to benefit from caption rate and, to some extent, text reduction modifications. 相似文献