Changes in self-esteem across the first year in college: the role of achievement goals

This longitudinal study examined the effects of achievement goals on the growth trajectories of self-esteem during the first-year at a comprehensive public university. College freshmen (N?=?311) were followed for one academic year with three time points. Between-individual differences and within-individual change in achievement goals were distinguished and used as predictors for the growth trajectories of self-esteem. A growth curve analysis revealed that initially high mastery goals and subsequent increases in mastery goals were related to high self-esteem while initially high performance-avoidance goals were related to low self-esteem. The initial levels of performance-approach goals were not related to self-esteem but subsequent increases in performance-approach goals were associated with low self-esteem. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

俄罗斯中小学信息技术课程与教学述评

俄罗斯信息技术课程的课程目标、课程内容和课程设置都有其特色。在俄罗斯的基础教育中,信息技术课程既关注学生信息文化的开发,又注重发展学生的创造能力和认知能力,其不间断教学的构想得到广泛的认可。     

Does group composition affect learning by invention?

Schwartz and Martin (Cogn Instr 22:129?C184, 2004) as well as Kapur (Instr Sci, this issue, 2012) have found that students can be better prepared to learn about mathematical formulas when they try to invent them in small groups before receiving the canonical formula from a lesson. The purpose of the present research was to investigate how the effectiveness of invention activities may be mediated by composition of the small groups in terms of their mathematical skills. In two studies, small groups of undergraduates engaged in an ??inventing standard deviation?? task. Results suggested that groups may need at least one member with high math ability to take advantage of ??learning by invention??. Groups consisting of both high and low math ability members generated a broader range of solution attempts during the invention task, and this seemed to be related to better uptake of the standard deviation formula from a later lesson.     

多媒体音乐课件制作初探

文章简述了计算机辅助教学系统与传统模式教学的区别,多媒体课件的分类、多媒体音乐课件的制作过程、设计以及制作音乐课件所需要的硬件和软件设备.     

提高新疆双语教育质量再思考———解读《关于进一步提高中小学双语教育质量的意见》

文章对《关于进一步提高中小学双语教育质量的意见》出台的背景、特点和将产生的效果及影响进行了分析解读,以期为新疆的双语教育工作者提供参考.     

Perceptions of Co-Teaching in the Clinical Experience: How Well Is It Working?

This study examined the perceptions of teacher candidates, cooperating teachers, and university supervisors in the first year of state-mandated co-teaching in the clinical experience. Study results suggest the need (a) to emphasize the importance of the teacher candidate exerting leadership, (b) to develop and communicate specific criteria for teacher candidates to enhance their ability to take the lead in planning, organization, management, lesson delivery, and assessment during their co-teaching experience, (c) to redefine the nature of the “solo” period, and (d) to deepen the understanding of all stake holders to increase their commitment to the tenets of co-teaching.     

Serial habituation in two-, three-, and four-month-old infants.

Serial habituation of visual fixations in 2-, 3-, and 4-month-old infants was investigated through a design permitting cross-sectional, within-subject longitudinal, cohort longitudinal, and time-lag analyses. The components of the standard stimulus were displayed individually before and after successive exposures of the standard for familiarization. Relative saliencies of the components for each child were indexed by magnitude of responding to these parts in the initial presentation. Comparisons of the pre- and postexposure fixation times suggest that for all ages habituation was under way to the parts of the stimulus in orders of the relative saliencies. The nature of the data in general did not appear to be influenced significantly by any 1 methodology.     

Using behavioral and academic indicators in the classroom to screen for at‐risk status

The present study validated a brief at‐risk screening instrument designed for easy use by teachers in the elementary school. School performance measures were collected for students in first to sixth grade one year following initial teacher ratings using the Screening For At‐Risk Status screening instrument. Findings indicated that the instrument is best seen as measuring a single at‐risk construct with items drawn from three domains: academic skills, social confidence, and social cooperation. Correlations between at‐risk scores and school performance measures taken one year later demonstrated predictive validity. The screening instrument correctly identified at‐risk students with 88% accuracy and not‐at‐risk students with 74% accuracy. There were 12% false negatives. Use of the instrument provides teachers with a quick, easy screening of students who may develop difficulties in the future. For schools, the screening can be used as the first step in a supportive response system to assist at‐risk students from developing serious school difficulties and possibly failure in the longer term. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 42: 151–158, 2005.     

EP-PDGS的合成及其增韧环氧树脂的性能研究

采用环氧基封端的聚癸二酸二甘醇酯(EP-PDGS)对环氧树脂进行增韧改性,通过拉伸测试、冲击测试、动态热机械性能(DMA)分析等手段研究了EP-PDGS对环氧树脂的增韧效果.EP-PDGS可以参与固化反应,将柔性链段引入到交联网络中,扩大交联点间的距离,使三维网络结构的变形能力得到提升,从而提高环氧树脂的韧性.结果 表明EP-PDGS和环氧树脂相容性良好,通过力学性能、热性能等研究发现,EP-PDGS对环氧树脂具有较好的增韧改性效果,尤其在低温环境下的拉伸性能显著提升.     

建构主义视角下高校"三位一体"协同教学模式的重构

传统教学模式是教师单向主导的平面结构,协同教学模式是教师之间、师生之间和学生之间互动协同合作的立体结构,具有明确而清晰的教学目标指向性、协同形式灵活性和知识构建自主性的特点.建构主义视角下,高校以学生全面发展为中心,着力重构以多方合作为基础的"三位一体"协同教学模式,有利于进一步健全协同教学模式的制度设计,搭建教学团队交流的协同平台,发挥教师联动协同的导向功能,激发学生主动学习的求知欲,促进"教与学"多维度良性互动的创新性变革,实现新时代高校人才培养质量的提高.