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Joanne Brownlee Barry Dart Gillian Boulton‐Lewis Andrea McCrindle 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》1998,26(2):107-120
Preservice teacher education students are likely to have acquired naive beliefs about learning and teaching, that need to be integrated with theoretically informed beliefs, if they are to function effectively in classrooms. This study explored the nature of such integration using a sample of Graduate Diploma in Education students engaged in an educational psychology subject which was designed to help students develop constructivist beliefs and approaches to learning. Investigation of students’ journal entries, written statements, and stimulated recall interviews related to videotaped practice teaching sessions, revealed that students were able to integrate prior beliefs with the theoretical content of the course, enabling them to describe, and in some cases, evidence informed conditional knowledge. 相似文献
773.
Andrea C. Young Robert A. Reiser Walter Dick 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1998,46(2):65-78
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which a group of superior elementary and secondary school teachers
employed systematic instructional planning practices. The research method employed was a multicase design in which nine teachers
(five secondary and four elementary) from a single school district were studied. Qualitative data in the form of written surveys
and face-to-face interviews were collected and analyzed. Results revealed that most of the teachers' planning activities centered
around six types of decisions. When the teachers' planning activities were compared with a systematic approach to instructional
planning, the two approaches were found to be different in several important ways: the teachers did not place much emphasis
on specifying objectives, creating objectives-based tests, or making other instructional decisions in light of objectives.
Implications for teaching preservice teachers about systematic planning are discussed.
The authors would like to thank the nine teachers who participated in this study, and Julia O'Brien, who helped to conduct
it. 相似文献
774.
Andrea Oxley da Rocha Joao Lins Maués Gabriel Antônio Flores Chies Ana Paula da Silva 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(4):467-474
Activities related to body donation programs, such as donor memorial ceremonies, provide the opportunity to complement student training, especially with regard to the ethical and humanistic elements involved in medical training. This study sought to assess the impact of a ceremony in honor of the body donors has on ethical and humanistic attitudes in medical students. Medical students were surveyed about their perceptions of changes in themselves, respect for donors and donor families, and their relationship with patients. The effect of the students' contact with the family of the donor was analyzed in students who had contact with the cadaver in the dissection room and had either participated or not participated in the donor memorial ceremony. A total of 370 questionnaires were answered by first-, second-, and third-year medical students at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre in 2017. The students who participated in the ceremony presented more positive responses in relation to commitment to their studies, reflection on death, and positive development of empathy when compared to those who did not attend the ceremony. Most of the students that attended the ceremony suggested the event led to an improvement in the doctor–patient relationship. These results suggest that cadaver dissection with accompanied memorial ceremony involving contact with donor families is an effective means of fostering ethical and humanistic attitudes among medical students from the beginning of the course. 相似文献
775.
Across four experiments, we looked at how 4- and 5-year-olds' (n = 520) task persistence was affected by observations of adult actions (high or low effort), outcomes (success or failure), and testimony (setting expectations—“This will be hard,” pep talks—“You can do this,” value statements—“Trying hard is important,” and baseline). Across experiments, outcomes had the biggest impact: preschoolers consistently tried harder after seeing the adult succeed than fail. Additionally, adult effort affected children’s persistence, but only when the adult succeeded. Finally, children’s persistence was highest when the adult both succeeded and practiced what she preached: exerting effort while testifying to its value. 相似文献
776.
Friedman Jeffrey S. diSessa Andrea A. 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1999,8(3):175-195
Journal of Science Education and Technology - Starting with the focal question, “what should students know about technology?” we describe and illustrate a way of designing educational... 相似文献
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Rats do show primacy and recency effects in memory for lists of spatial locations: A reply to Gaffan
It has been demonstrated that rats display both primacy and recency effects in list-learning experiments for both item- and order-recognition memory for spatial location information. Contrary to a suggestion made by Gaffan (1992) that previous demonstrations of primacy effects in rats are not valid due to statistical and methodological problems, we show that (1) it is not likely that our results are due to experimenter bias and/or nonindependence of trials, (2) primacy and recency effects are obtained whether or not one uses a training criterion, and (3) when many of the published reports from our laboratory are combined, the number of subjects and trials are sufficient to evaluate the validity of primacy and recency effects in list-learning experiments. 相似文献
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