利益集团的政府俘获、行政腐败与高行政成本

行政权力由集权走向分权,强化了地方政府的作用,地方政府成为利益集团的俘获对象。在转型过程中,利益集团的政府俘获手段不断翻新,政府官员借机获取利益,以获得地方政府运行所需要的资金。利益集团与地方政府的"合谋"导致了行政腐败和高行政成本,在一定程度上严重影响到政府形象,也从根本上影响到地方经济与社会的可持续发展,需要采取相应措施规制地方政府俘获。     

Developing a template for National Child Protection Index Reports

Objectives

What impact does the strengthening of child rights have on the experience and circumstances of children? CRC General Comment 13 emphasizes that defining measurable targets for improvements in child protection is a key element of efforts to strengthen child rights and well-being across the world. This paper describes an attempt to identify key domains relevant to such mapping of child protection indicators, and the feasibility of collecting data—from existing data sources or otherwise—to complete a “National Child Protection Index Report” summarizing achievements and concerns at a national level.

Methods

A process of inter-agency consultation was facilitated by the CPC Learning Network to establish a template for the Index Report. The template was modeled on that used for the “Countdown to 2015” maternal, neonatal and child health initiative, aiming to capture indices not only of key protection risks but also implementation and coverage of key protection measures. The work drew on indicator development and policy initiatives by a number of international child protection agencies. The template developed was used as a basis to pilot national data collection in Indonesia and, at a sub-national level, in northern Uganda.

Findings

The template provides a concise summary of protection issues of relevance to a broad range of constituencies, global and national. However, in the pilot settings, existing routine data collection was inadequate to effectively populate a large proportion of indicators. Mechanisms of collating findings from discrete assessments—another potential source of data for completion of the index report—were also generally underdeveloped.

Practice implications

In settings where state infrastructure allows the collection and analysis of routine data in such domains as health and economic activity, such efforts should be extended to the child protection sector. Discrete assessments by governmental or non-governmental agencies also provide significant potential for more effective sharing and collation of information. National Child Protection sub-clusters or equivalent structures can play an important role in facilitating both of these processes.     

Synchronization control of neutral-type neural networks with sampled-data via adaptive event-triggered communication scheme

This paper addresses the problem of synchronization control of neutral-type neural networks with sampled-data, where sampled data will be over a communication network before received by controller. Generally, the communication network is with a bandwidth-limited communication channel. To reduce network burden, an event-triggered scheme is designed between the sampler and communication network. A weak synchronization conditions are derived by using our proposed integral inequality. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed results.     

蹉跎千年 遗响不息——历史上的科举印迹（上）

2011年6月7日上午9时．全国930万名应届高考生分布在15万个考场开始了为期三天的激烈角逐。那么,历史上的科举考试是怎样的情形？其程式和制度有哪些？又是怎样创立、发展以至消亡的？当您读完这篇专稿,品赏所介绍的有关珍贵藏品．庶几对上列问题就基本了然了。     

高中历史教科书“中国近现代社会生活的变迁”专题编撰存在的问题及建议

在对"中国近现代社会生活的变迁"专题的编撰中,人教版和人民版都局限于史实的列举和阶段标志性事件的陈述,忽视对与此相应的前因后果等内在联系的阐明。岳麓版某些章节编写较好,但重要知识点缺失度较高。此外,完全符合课标内容的"乳房解放运动"和"新中国成立后计划经济时代居室建筑"等内容,应当写进教科书。     

省属高校图书馆学科馆员角色定位探讨

"学科馆员"是图书馆学界的一个全新的研究领域,在高校学科建设中起着重要作用。高校图书馆学科馆员的角色定位直接关系到学科服务工作的开展与成败。省属高校无论在硬件、软件方面都与重点高校存在距离,所以重点高校对学科馆员的定位并不适合省属高校。省属高校图书馆学科馆员的角色定位应为"联络、导航、教育"。     

柴油发电机组噪声控制研究

柴油发电机组噪声强,发热量大。针对此,采用隔声、吸声、消声、通风散热等具体措施。实践证明：方案设计合理,达到了预期的降噪效果,符合工业企业噪声排放标准。     

我国图书馆网络导读研究分析

本文采用文献法收集20世纪90年代以来我国图书馆网络导读研究的一些相关文献,从网络导读的定义及产生背景、内容、特点、技术手段等方面进行分析,提出我国网络导读存在的问题及建议,旨在为学者对网络导读研究提供参考,并推动图书馆网络导读工作的开展。     

基于MAX260的程控滤波器设计

为了在移频信号检测中能够去除工频信号及其谐波的干扰,在移频信号检测仪的前端采用程控滤波器达到在不同中心频点滤除干扰信号的目的。通过程控改变其频率和品质因数的控制字可以实现多个频点的切换,并给出基于MAX260芯片的程控多频点切比雪夫带通滤波器的设计实例和示波器测试结果,测试结果显示在偏离中心频率40Hz内达到平坦度为0...