Glacial expansion of cold-tolerant species in low latitudes: megafossil evidence and species distribution modellingOA

<正>The Pleistocene was a time of repeated glaciations that severely affected the land biota over large areas of Eurasia and North America. Drastic climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene drove largescale extinctions, migrations and diversification in plant and animal populations.These dramatic processes had a strong impact on the distribution of modern flora and fauna.     

五位拳坛巨星的拳击哲学

拳击是一项很特别的运动。一方面,任何人都可以学习拳击。另一方面,只有极少数的人才能达到卓越的水平。立志要成为冠军的人,为了寻求技术上的提高,会日复一日在训练馆里挥汗如雨,同一个动作重复成千上万次,直到达到完美。从这个角度上来说,拳击能够帮你探测身体和意志上的极限。纵观拳击的历史,有许多已经到达巅峰的传奇人物。     

我在马来西亚看到的羽毛球

这里是马来西亚紫色联盟最著名的俱乐部——八打灵羽毛球娱乐部,日本队首次拿到汤姆斯杯的功臣田児贤一退役后,也加盟到这里,做教练兼球员。我也不知道他吃了什么,居然胖成这样,人很nice,只是他一口马来口音的英语让我有点儿猝不及防。俱乐部楼道墙上挂起来的比赛服见证了俱乐部的发展,如果说都认识,这一定是暴露年龄的行为了。     

Association of daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity with body fat among U.S. adults

Background:Prolonged sitting and reduced physical activity lead to low energy expenditures.However,little is known about the joint impact of daily sitting time and physical activity on body fat distribution.We investigated the independent and joint associations of daily sitting time and physical activity with body fat among adults.Methods:This was a cross-sectional analysis of U.S.nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey2011-2018 among adults aged ...     

Epidemiology of insertional and midportion Achilles tendinopathy in runners:A prospective cohort study

Background:Achilles tendinopathy(AT) is a common problem among runners.There is only limited evidence for risk factors for AT,and most studies have not defined the AT subcategories.No study has compared the incidence and risk factors between insertional AT and midportion AT,though they are considered distinct.This study aimed to assess incidence and risk factors of AT based on data from a large prospective cohort.The secondary aim was to explore differences in risk factors between insertional an...     

Composites with high omnidirectional fracture toughness due to helical interlocking fasteners are found in gingko seed shellsOA

<正>Engineering of composites mimicking load-bearing materials from living organisms is essential for sustainable economic development and successful resolution of current and future bottle-necks of chemical,automotive,aviation,biomedical,and robotic technologies.As pointed out by G.Wiedemann[1]in 1853 and M.F.Ashby et al.     

超超临界机组机炉协调系统的min-max模糊模型预测跟踪控制

为了提高非线性超超临界火电机组的控制性能,提出了一种改进的min-max模糊模型预测跟踪控制.首先,建立了 T-S模糊模型来近似非线性机炉协调系统的动态特性.然后,基于包含状态变量和输出变量的扩展模糊模型,在保证闭环系统稳定性和输入在给定约束的同时,推导了 min-max模糊模型预测跟踪控制用于输出调节.为了获得更大的...     

深度信念以及信念和信仰的相对作用

“深度信念”是怀特海文稿中的关键概念。在怀特海有机哲学看来,动机、方法和意义是一个整体。他懂得要在深层次上探查人类追求意义及理解的倾向,进而揭示“追求”行为中的创造张力。深度信念就是这种深层次的动力。深度信念不同于各种各样起源于文化传统的信仰或偶发的信念,它不像后者那样可能失去。怀特海认为,在个人经验中,某一个信念的失去更可能是“无限性激励下的有限性”,是某种“超越的内在性”,“朝向更精美细致的结果”。深度信念促成了精神的冒险,是人类固化成就中不可抹去的最富锐气的因素,是人的呈现。     

Authoritarianism, perceived threat and exclusionism on the eve of the Disengagement: Evidence from Gaza

Major political events such as terrorist attacks and forced relocation of citizens may have an immediate effect on attitudes towards ethnic minorities associated with these events. The psychological process that leads to political exclusionism of minority groups was examined using a field study among Israeli settlers in Gaza days prior to the Disengagement Plan adopted by the Israeli government on June 6, 2004 and enacted in August 2005. Lending credence to integrated threat theory and to theory on authoritarianism, our analyses show that the positive effect of religiosity on political exclusionism results from the two-staged mediation of authoritarianism and perceived threat. We conclude that religiosity fosters authoritarianism, which in turn tends to move people towards exclusionism both directly and through the mediation of perceived threat.     

意义学习分类学

综合十年的研究,作者描述了意义学习的一种分类办法.最有意义的学习结果是解决问题.在这种分类法中,四种不同的问题解决按层次方式排列.解决问题的先决条件是两种基本的推理技能——类比推理和因果推理,这是解决所有问题的基础.这些推理的形式要求运用概念,以及由概念和关系组成的低阶命题和高阶命题.解决问题的教学应该是让学习者解决问...