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31.
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the fatigability of plantar flexor muscles during sustained submaximal contractions in prepubertal boys and girls. Fifteen boys (age 10.0 +/- 1.0 years) and 15 girls (age 9.8 +/- 0.9 years) participated in the study. The fatigue protocol consisted of a 10 min isometric plantar flexion at 20% of the maximal voluntary contraction. Immediately after this, five maximal isometric contractions were performed with a 3 min interval between contractions. During the experiment, electromyograms of the agonist muscles soleus and medial gastrocnemius and antagonist tibialis anterior were recorded. We observed no differences between the sexes (P < 0.05) in the decrease in torque or in the recovery rate after the fatigue protocol. Nor were there any differences between the sexes (P < 0.05) in agonist or antagonist muscle activation during the fatigue protocol and recovery period. The results indicate that there are no differences in fatigability between prepubertal boys and girls during submaximal sustained contractions, probably because the agonist and antagonist muscles were activated similarly in both sexes. 相似文献
32.
Anastasia Vlachou Panayiota Stavroussi Eleni Didaskalou 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2016,63(1):79-97
The acquisition of appropriate social skills is considered critical for a person’s social development and personal well-being. This consideration is far more crucial in the area of inclusive education, where the development of social skills in children with SEN has been associated with academic progress, social inclusion and successful transition to adult life. Special teachers are considered to be critical agents in designing and implementing school-based interventions targeting at the social development of students with SEN. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the responses of forty (40) Greek special education teachers about dealing with the difficulties experienced by students with SEN in the social domain. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and were coded and analysed according to the principles of the inductive data-driven analysis approach. The analysis revealed that special teachers had to respond to a wide range of difficulties concerning the students’ social skills that were mainly associated with the formation and maintenance of peer relations, the development of assertion, self-management, compliance and academic related skills. The participant teachers used a repertoire of strategies. However, their responses were not a part of a systematic social skills programming. Furthermore, many participants did not consider themselves efficient enough to create and implement such programmes. The paper concludes by highlighting the need to advance the initial training and professional development programmes of special teachers by incorporating courses related to designing and implementing multi-layered and holistic school-based interventions targeting at the social skills development of students with SEN. 相似文献
33.
Eleni Morfidi Aryan van der Leij Peter F. de Jong Femke Scheltinga Judith Bekebrede 《Reading and writing》2007,20(8):753-784
The present study investigated the reading of secondary school students in their first and second language (L1, L2). Twenty-six
average and twenty-six poor readers matched on age, gender, listening and reading comprehension participated. They were native
Dutch speakers who started learning English at secondary school (grade 7). We examined whether differences in L2 between the
two groups reflect differences in L1 with regard to reading and relevant subskills. In addition, the relationship between
reading and its predictors within and across the two languages was investigated. Between group differences were similar in
L1 and L2 when task conditions involved high levels of phonological and orthographic complexity or demanded speeded processing.
Furthermore, serial rapid naming predicted speeded word reading in both languages and L2 text reading accuracy, while L2 phoneme
awareness and orthographic knowledge explained unique variance in L2 text reading accuracy. Cross-linguistic prediction revealed
that speeded word reading predicted its counterpart from L1 to L2 and vice versa. Serial rapid naming explained additional
variance in the prediction of L2 from L1. After exclusion of the reading predictor from the model, serial rapid naming was
the most consistent cross-linguistic predictor, while L2 orthographic knowledge explained a small amount of unique variance
in L1 speeded word reading. 相似文献
34.
Despite the considerable institutional changes schools have made to accommodate the individual needs of pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND), as underpinned by key principles of inclusion, there is still international concern about the mainstream experiences pupils with SEND have in school settings. This study helps us understand the schooling experiences of pupils with behavioural difficulties and learning difficulties by investigating whether they have a sense of belonging and positive social relations and whether these vary according to the level of inclusiveness of the school ethos at the institution they attend. Perceived social relations and feelings of belonging of 1,440 (282 SEND) young adolescents from three secondary mainstream settings that differ in inclusivity, were analysed using a self-reporting questionnaire. Findings demonstrated that pupils with SEND are not a homogeneous group, as pupils with behavioural difficulties were found to have less of a sense of belonging, and social relations than those with learning difficulties. It was also found that the sense of belonging of both groups is associated with their positive perceived relations with teachers and their inclusiveness of school ethos. These findings contribute as they offer ways of enhancing the sense of belonging of pupils with behavioural and learning difficulties in schools. 相似文献
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The study compared teachers’ and parents’ views about elementary school children’s psychosocial adjustment with and without a history of early grade retention. The sample included retained and non-retained students currently in Grades Two and Four (age range 7.5 to 11.6 years) in Cypriot public schools. The retained students experienced early grade retention either in kindergarten or Grade One and, therefore, were one year older than their current classmates. Both parents and teachers of all children completed a psychosocial adjustment inventory designed to assess social, emotional, and school competence as well as behaviour problems. The findings indicated important differences between teachers and parents in their evaluation of children’s psychosocial adjustment, but notable similarities in consistently evaluating early-retained children lower on all aspects of adjustment. Teachers evaluated all students lower than parents in terms of behaviour, school, and social competence. Both groups, however, considered retained students lower in social and school competence regardless of grade level. The implications of these findings in relation to evaluation aspects of psychosocial adjustment and the practice of early-grade retention are discussed. 相似文献
38.
Eleni Prokou 《比较教育学》2018,54(4):530-547
ABSTRACTComparative education was established in Greek universities in the 1980s, with the creation of pedagogical departments and two laboratories, and the publication of a journal. There was an early emphasis on education policy analysis, in terms of assumptions about the ‘semi-peripherality’ of Greece within Europe. Later, the emphasis shifted to what was also called ‘modernisation’ – framed by entry to the European Economic Community. There was an emphasis on education policies in other European countries, and the educational policy of Europe, in contrast with Greece which had not yet absorbed what was becoming ‘a European discourse’. There was a continuing motif – reflections on methodology – but the changing concepts of modernisation, the more or less permanent anxiety about reforming Greek education, and the theme of education within the European Union dominated academic work in comparative education in Greece – even after 2010 and the major new economic crisis. An optimistic view is that comparative education will continue to develop in the Greek university through teaching and research. There is, however, a question to be asked about the silences within Greek comparative education. 相似文献
39.
Eleni Oikonomidoy Lynda R. Wiest 《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2017,40(1):53-65
Drawing on insights from reflective research accounts in the social sciences, this paper attends to the complexities of conducting cross-boundary educational research. Cross-boundary research is defined as any type of inquiry that is conducted across cultural and/or structural boundaries, including but not limited to race, class, gender, language, religion, age, sexual identity, and national origin. The authors present dilemmas they have faced in conducting educational research and offer three intersecting recommendations for those who wish to conduct research across boundaries. 相似文献
40.
Rachel Forrester‐Jones Eleni Hatzidimitriadou 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2006,31(6):611-624
The aim of this research was to explore why workers in health and social services embarked on a Certificate in Community Care Practice and the extent to which they felt knowledge learnt related to their every‐day work practice. The objective was to indicate how useful more academic courses are for health and social care staff, and to find out the kinds of barriers to practicing theory learnt in the classroom students face in their ‘real world’ of work. Data was collected from 25 mature students (over half were between the ages of 41–50 years), 3 of whom were men from a range of professional backgrounds including; support staff working in residential and domiciliary services and informal (unpaid) carers for people with learning disabilities, mental health difficulties as well as older people. Quantitative (an adapted questionnaire) and qualitative (focus group session which was an integral part of classroom learning about research methodology) methods were employed. Data was analysed using SPSS and thematic analysis. Findings indicated that the main motivators for study was to gain a qualification and for personal development. Students reported their increased desire to link theory learnt which they found highly relevant to their everyday practice, but organisational barriers sometimes precluded them from doing so. The paper ends with policy and practice recommendations. 相似文献