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101.
Guy Faure Yann Desjeux Pierre Gasselin 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(5):461-492
Abstract Purpose: Agricultural advisory services are perceived by many actors involved in rural development as a key driver behind innovation processes in agriculture. However, changes in national and global contexts cause dramatic changes in the orientation of advisory services, their organisation and their methods of intervention. This article aims to analyse the major research topics related to agricultural advice. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on an extensive review of literature produced over a ten-year period that is accessible through the CAB, ECONLIT and Web of Science citation indexes. Using keywords related to extension and advisory services, we selected published articles according to the relevance of the results provided in relation to advisory services and the quality of the discussion on past or current controversies. Findings: The results show that the ongoing scientific debates are shaped by the diversity of disciplines, methods, topics and schools of thought. The scientific community largely has focussed on five main themes: (1) the institutional environment of agricultural advisory services; (2) the structures necessary for the operation of an advisory system; (3) the actors providing advisory services and the skills deployed in advisory activities; (4) the approaches, methods, tools and content of advisory activities; and (5) the assessment and impacts of advisory systems. Practical implications: This literature review is useful for researchers and practitioners to better understand research results in the field of advisory services. It paves the way for future research. Originality/Value: Although many articles have been written in recent decades on agricultural advisory services, few studies provide an overview of the contributions of, and debates in, the international scientific community. 相似文献
102.
Cécile Barnaud Guy Trébuil Tanya Promburom François Bousquet 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(1):55-74
Abstract Although stakeholder participation is expected to promote equitable and sustainable natural resource management, lessons from the past tell us that more careful attention needs to be paid to achieving equitable impacts. Now the question is how to address social inequities and power asymmetries. Some authors emphasize the need for more dialogue, while others prefer a critical perspective, arguing that dialogue might not be sufficient to avert the risk of a process deepening existing social inequities. This article aims to enrich this debate and question the practical implications of the critical perspective through an in-depth analysis of power games in a participatory process. A Companion Modelling (ComMod) process was conducted in an Akha community of Northern Thailand with a critical perspective, i.e. with a concern for the less influent stakeholders. Simulation tools such as role-playing games were used to mediate a cross-cultural learning process among researchers, farmers and administrators about a local irrigation water management problem. The detailed analysis of power games in this learning and negotiation process reveals that in spite of initial power asymmetries, the poorest farmers of the community started to voice and assert their interests. This was very much due to the role of a Western researcher who put the equity issue on the public agenda and to the strategic support of a charismatic Christian leader. We identify a set of practical facilitation methods that helped to manage power asymmetries and to level the playing field, but we also discuss the main limits of our cultural-embedded methodological choices. Acknowledging that ‘the facilitators’ neutrality' is an illusion, this study allows us to raise the question of their social legitimacy. We suggest that they should systematically make explicit and reflect on their cultural-ideological background and methodological hypothesis and choices and their effects on the socio-political context. This article is an original attempt to accept this challenge. 相似文献
103.
Two problems stemming from the use of direct factor analysis of sociometric choices to identify group boundaries are that: (a) the use of sociometric choices to identify group boundaries is reliant on the subjective evaluation of the researcher; and (b) the method can classify individuals as belonging to the same clique without them necessarily choosing each other. A solution to the two problems is discussed, and data are presented to show the usefulness of this method in isolating large numbers of natural groups. 相似文献
104.
Guy B. Muchmore 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(2):205-220
A List of Plays for High School and College Production. Prepared by the Committee on Plays for Secondary Schools and Colleges of the Drama League‐of America, and the Committee on Plays for Schools and Colleges of the National Council of Teachers of English. Chicago: The ‘ Drama League of America, 1916. Pp. 41. Paper, $0.25. Teaching Literature in the Grammar Grades and High School. By Emma Miller Bolenitjs, A.M. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1915. Pp. 337. $1.25. Practical Stage Directing for Amateurs. By Emerson Taylor. New York: Walton & Co., 1915. Pp. 193. $1.00. The Natural Method of Voice Production in Speech and Song. By Floyd S. Muckey, M.D.C.M., New York: Scribner, 1915. Cloth, pp. 149. $1.00. Public Speaking. By James Albert Winans. Ithaca, N.Y.: Sewell Publishing Co., 1915. Cloth, pp. xlii+476. $1.50. Practical Argumentation. By George A. Pattee. New York: Century Co., 1915. Oral English. By John M. Brewer. New York: Ginn & Co., 1916. Cloth, pp. 3960 $1.00. 相似文献
105.
Guy Claxton 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(2):227-247
ResumenEste estudio analiza el modo en que la situación de la familia española actual influye en la educación en valores de los hijos. La muestra está formada por 3.711 padres y madres de niños con edades comprendidas entre los 2 y los 12 años, de centros públicos y privados de 6 ciudades españolas. Se utilizó un cuestionario para evaluar en los padres y madres las variables consideradas relevantes para la educación en valores cívico-morales de los hijos.Del análisis factorial, combinando las estrategias exploratoria y confirmatoria, se obtuvieron 11 factores. Para conocer qué factores explican la intervención moral de padres y madres se realizaron correlaciones y sendos análisis discriminantes. En ambos se obtuvo que el afecto y la aceptación incondicional de los hijos son las variables con mayor poder predictivo de la intervención moral familiar. 相似文献
106.
Guy P. Roberts‐Holmes 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2009,29(3):281-291
Positive father involvement and investment in the early years is of importance for children's later emotional, cognitive and social well‐being. This article critically examines the multiple motivations and barriers experienced by the growing number of father primary carers. The small‐scale research study presented suggests that for a ‘positive culture shift’ towards fathers in the UK to occur, early childhood services need to question the extent to which they are ‘father friendly’. Research suggests that policy initiatives such as a ‘Daddy month’ (found in Canada and most Nordic countries) may encourage much needed attitudinal shifts towards fathers by legitimising their caring activities. Other initiatives that encourage father primary carers in their role may include the recruitment of professional male early childhood workers. 相似文献
107.
The FIFA World Cup provides opportunities to attract visitors to host cities and for local residents to enjoy event-related celebrations. This paper directs attention to Fortaleza, in the north-east of Brazil, where a survey was conducted of 285 spectators to identify the relative importance of enjoyment and competitive outcomes as motives to attend games at the 2014 World Cup. The study also examined the relationship between motivation, event setting and event satisfaction and whether any differences in these relationships existed between local and visiting spectators. In the case of visitors to Fortaleza, factors that influence intentions to revisit the city were also examined. Although satisfaction did not have an impact on visitation intentions, visitors were strongly influenced by competitive motives associated with the team they support. In comparison, local residents were more motivated by event excitement. The need to recognize the propensities of different types of spectators and the complexity of the relationship between spectators and the event setting are discussed. 相似文献
108.
Rebecca McNall Krall Joseph P. Straley Sally A. Shafer Jeffrey L. Osborn 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2009,18(2):173-186
The No Child Left Behind Act requires that all teachers be certified within the content areas that they teach. However, attracting
and retaining highly qualified science teachers in rural school districts is particularly difficult due to limited resources
and geographic and professional isolation. Science professional development programs could help improve inservice teachers’
understanding of concepts they are expected to teach, but such programs are often limited in rural areas. This study evaluates
a unique distance learning, inquiry-based professional development course in physical science developed to meet the needs
of central Appalachian middle school teachers. Instruction through hands-on inquiry investigations distinguishes this program
from other distance learning programs. Preliminary findings from the pilot study reported in this paper reveal significant
growth in 43 teachers’ content knowledge for six of nine temperature and heat concepts assessed in the course. Outcomes from
the distance learning project are discussed as they relate to future research goals and implications for science professional
development programs in rural regions. 相似文献
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