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611.
612.
Valdir De Aquino Lemos Eduardo Da Silva Alves Paulo Adriano Schwingel João Paulo Pereira Rosa Andressa Da Silva Ciro Winckler 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):955-964
Body composition is a physiological variable associated with physical activity and, in some cases, is related to athletic performance. Our objectives were to describe the body composition of participants in three distinct Paralympic sports and to compare the values of body density and estimated body fat obtained from the Paralympic athletes on the National Team by air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) and by the anthropometric method (skinfolds (SFs)). The sample consisted of 70 volunteers of both genders. The body composition of the volunteers was evaluated using the ADP in a Bod Pod® and seven SFs. There were no significant differences between the values obtained by ADP and SF for body fat percentage (p?=?.58) and body density (p?=?.49). Analysis by Bland–Altman plots showed mean differences of 0.56?±?4.94 (?9.12–10.23) and ?0.0017?±?0.0113 (?0.024–0.020) for body fat percentage and body density, respectively. In conclusion, body composition analyses of Paralympic athletes by the ADP and SF methods show similar results, and ADP should be used as the first option when available. When the use of ADP is not possible, estimating body density and fat percentage by SF is a viable alternative for Paralympic athletes when future comparisons will use the same analysis method. 相似文献
613.
João Paulo Dos Anjos Souza Barbosa Luciano Basso André Seabra Antonio Prista Go Tani José António Ribeiro Maia 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(5):618-623
Negative associations between physical activity (PA), physical fitness and multiple metabolic risk factors (MMRF) in youths from populations with low PA are reported. The persistence of this association in moderately-to highly active populations is not, however, well established. The aim of the present study was to investigate this association in a Brazilian city with high frequency of active youths. We assessed 122 subjects (9.9?±?1.3 years) from Muzambinho city. Body mass index, waist circumference, glycaemia, cholesterolaemia, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured. Maximal handgrip strength and one-mile walk/run test were used. Leisure time PA was assessed by interview. Poisson regression was used in the analysis. The model explained 11% of the total variance. Only relative muscular strength and one-mile walk/run were statistically significant (p?.05). Those who needed more time to cover the one-mile walk/run test had an increased in metabolic risk of 11%, and those with greater strength reduced the risk by about 82%. In conclusion, children and youths from an active population who need less time to cover the one-mile walk/run test or who had greater muscular strength showed a reduced metabolic risk. These results suggest that even in children and youths with high leisure time PA, a greater aerobic fitness and strength might help to further reduce their MMRF. 相似文献
614.
Natalie Lander Philip J. Morgan Jo Salmon Lisa M. Barnett 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2016,20(1):50-62
Fundamental movement skills (FMS) competence is low in adolescent girls. An assessment tool for teachers is needed to monitor FMS in this demographic. The present study explored whether the Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment (CAMSA) is feasible for use by physical education (PE) teachers of Australian Year 7 girls in a school setting. Surveys, focus group interviews, and direct observation of 18 specialist PE teachers investigated teachers’ perceptions of this tool. Results indicated that the CAMSA was usable in a real-world school setting and was considered a promising means to assess FMS in Year 7 girls. However, future iterations may require minor logistical alterations and further training for teachers on how to utilize the assessment data to enhance teaching practice. These considerations could be used to improve future design, application, and training of the CAMSA in school-based PE. 相似文献
615.
João Palotti Allan Hanbury Henning Müller Charles E. KahnJr. 《Information Retrieval》2016,19(1-2):189-224
The internet is an important source of medical knowledge for everyone, from laypeople to medical professionals. We investigate how these two extremes, in terms of user groups, have distinct needs and exhibit significantly different search behaviour. We make use of query logs in order to study various aspects of these two kinds of users. The logs from America Online, Health on the Net, Turning Research Into Practice and American Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS) GoldMiner were divided into three sets: (1) laypeople, (2) medical professionals (such as physicians or nurses) searching for health content and (3) users not seeking health advice. Several analyses are made focusing on discovering how users search and what they are most interested in. One possible outcome of our analysis is a classifier to infer user expertise, which was built. We show the results and analyse the feature set used to infer expertise. We conclude that medical experts are more persistent, interacting more with the search engine. Also, our study reveals that, conversely to what is stated in much of the literature, the main focus of users, both laypeople and professionals, is on disease rather than symptoms. The results of this article, especially through the classifier built, could be used to detect specific user groups and then adapt search results to the user group. 相似文献
616.
Liyan Song Michael J. Hannafin Janette R. Hill 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2007,55(1):27-50
Current teaching and learning methods reveal marked differences between how students approach learning and how instructors
approach teaching. Little attention has been paid to understanding these differences and their implications for designing
successful learning environments. The purpose of the paper is to introduce a framework for understanding and reconciling perspectives
on teaching and learning success. First, we examine perspectives on learning success. Next, we compare and contrast beliefs
and practices associated with teaching and learning. Finally, we introduce a model for reconciling teaching and learning beliefs
and practices, and discuss implications for future research and practice. 相似文献
617.
Robert Dew Andrzej Goscinski Jo Coldwell-Neilson 《Education and Information Technologies》2016,21(2):401-423
Although Australian students spend three or more years studying they can seem quite unaware of any of the expected learning outcomes of their course. They are often single unit focused, paying most attention to individual assessment items thus not developing a holistic view of their course. This paper presents a theoretical framework to support staff and students to recognise, scaffold and achieve learning outcomes and academic skills at unit level and to recognise how these contribute to course and graduate learning outcomes, within the boundaries of Australian university and professional accreditation requirements. A case study is described that demonstrates the manual implementation of the framework. The complex nature of the implementation suggests that a software solution is required to ease the process and ensure the resulting mapping will have some longevity by being maintainable. 相似文献
618.
Timothy L. Phillips Michael J. Hannafin Steven D. Tripp 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1988,36(2):93-102
The purpose of this study was to examine the combined effects of orienting activities and levels of practice on learning from
interactive video. Participants were 72 college students. Each participant was randomly assigned to an orienting activity
group and to one of three practice groups: No Practice, Limited Practice, or Elaborate Practice. The lesson, which focused
on characteristics of various artists and art periods, included practice for one half of the facts and applications cued initially
via the orienting activity. The posttest included both new and repeated items for both facts and applications taught during
the lesson. Results indicated significant main effect differences related to item familiarity and practice. In addition, interactions
were detected between type of learning and practice, and item familiarity and practice. 相似文献
619.
João M. Fernandes Paulo Afonso Victor Fonte Victor Alves António Nestor Ribeiro 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2017,42(1):91-108
ABSTRACTUniversities seek to promote entrepreneurship through effective education approaches, which need to be in permanent evolution. Nevertheless, the literature in entrepreneurship education lacks empirical evidence. This article discusses relevant issues related to promoting entrepreneurship in the software field, based on the experience of a 15-European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System course. This course seeks to instil in the students the recognition of the need to reconcile technical and business visions, organisational and commercial aspects, most of which have never been addressed previously. A series of semi-structured interviews made it possible to obtain relevant insights about the teaching–learning process underlying this course and its evolution over a seven-year period. Materials related with this course have been analysed, namely guidelines produced by the teachers and deliverables produced by the students. This article discusses the dimensions that were identified as fundamental for promoting entrepreneurship skills in the field of software, namely teamwork, project engagement, and contact with the market. 相似文献
620.
Cloud-Hansen KA Kuehner JN Tong L Miller S Handelsman J 《CBE life sciences education》2008,7(3):302-309
The goal of the work reported here was to help students expand their understanding of antibiotic resistance, the Central Dogma, and evolution. We developed a unit entitled "Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae," which was constructed according to the principles of scientific teaching by a team of graduate students, science faculty, and instructors. A variety of activities and assessments were used, including a case study, short lectures, and group problem-solving. Implementation of "Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae" in a college freshman seminar suggests these materials are useful in increasing understanding of complex biological topics and improving problem-solving abilities. 相似文献