Outstanding performances during elite-standard short and middle-distance finals and the hyperandrogenism regulation—A detailed analysis of Caster Semenya’s results

ABSTRACT

Recently, there has been much controversy over the International Association of Athletics Federation (IAAF) regulations regarding eligibility to compete and natural testosterone levels in female athletes. Much interest lies in the analysis of Caster Semenya's extraordinary performance. The objective of this work were, a) Complete an analysis of Caster Semenya's results during the 800m finals and b) search for existing similar performances by other female athletes. We analysed the results of the finals of all IAAF World Championships and Olympic Games from 1984–2016, including the 800m results of the Diamond Leagues 2016–2018. Exponential curves were fit to the data to characterise and predict performance for each event. Caster Semenya's finishing times before her ineligibility to compete and after the suspension of the IAAF hyperandrogenism regulation were found to be 1.24% and 1.49%, respectively, faster than the characteristic performance of the elite-standard in the women’s 800m final. Other female athletes, with finishing times faster than the ones predicted by the characteristic curves were also discovered. The percentage difference in performance between Caster Semenya and the other participants did not reach 3% in the 800m event. No conclusions can be drawn regarding extraordinary results ever performed during the 100m, 200m or 400m finals.     

对游泳教学中漂浮滑行技术原理及动作结构的研究

在相关参考文献和实践经验总结的基础上,运用理论推论与分析相结合的方法对游泳教学中漂浮滑行技术原理及动作结构的研究,结果说明:漂浮滑行是人体水中平卧展体,重心浮心平衡理论与人体状态反射效应的有机结合,认识其中奥妙并掌握科学的动作结构对于游泳教学有重要指导作用。     

论传统文化对武术内外兼修形成的影响

武术是超出体育范畴的一种独特的东方文化形式,内外兼修是它的显著特点,是奠定其多元价值的一大基石,是其在形成和发展形成过程中,受传统文化的滋润和影响,与气功交叉相融的结果。本文运用文献资料法、逻辑归纳法、推理论证法等从儒、道、佛三家主流传统文化入手,探析了它们在武术内外兼修形成过程中的影响及作用。     

技击:亘古不变的武术教育主导思想

文章运用历史学研究方法,从技击的视角,对中国武术教育思想进行纵向的梳理。研究认为,武术历经数千载之演进,其含摄的内容和外延都在历史的岁月中有所变动,但是惟一不变的是武术技击的本质属性。在整个武术发展历程中,武术教育始终把武术技击的传授作为教育的主导角色,并且形成了丰富的技击理论,这些理论在今天武术教育中仍然熠熠生辉。     

沈阳市乒乓球爱好者参与乒乓球运动的动机研究

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法,对沈阳市乒乓球爱好者的参与动机及满意度进行调查研究,结果显示:沈阳市乒乓球爱好者参与乒乓球运动的主要动机是增进健康,他们对乒乓球场馆的服务态度很满意,对场馆的硬件设施不满意。建议场馆管理者可以通过提升硬件设施、开设不同等级学习班、举办比赛等方式提升场馆自身的竞争力。     

Effects of Two Instructional Approaches on Skill Development,Knowledge, and Game Performance

Two instructional approaches that have been of interest in promoting sport have been the Sport Education Model (SEM) and the Traditional Style (TS) of teaching physical education. The purpose of this study was to investigate how SEM and TS would affect skill development, knowledge, and game performance for volleyball at the secondary level. A 2 × 3 (group × time) research design was utilized on 47 secondary students testing volleyball skills, knowledge, and game performance. Participants were placed in either the SEM or the TS via stratified randomization, and then were tested pre, mid, and post intervention through the 20-lesson volleyball unit. The 2 × 3 repeated measures Analysis of Variances (ANOVAs) with Bonferroni correction revealed no significant difference between models for skills and knowledge, but there was for game performance for group [F(1, 45) = 10.27, p < .008, η² = .19], time [F(2, 90) = 8.62, p < .008, η² = .16], and group × time interaction [F(2, 90) = 8.43, p < .008, η² = .16]. If the goal of the physical education program is to promote quality game play, the SEM may be more effective than the TS.     

山东省残疾人竞技体育现状与发展对策研究

通过对山东省残疾人竞技体育发展历史及现状分析,揭示了影响山东省残疾人竞技体育运动的主要因素：组织机构、尖子队员数量、经费因素、训练基地建设、政策等等,提出相应的对策.