Path analysis: A model for the development of scientific reasoning abilities in adolescents

A model was formulated and tested for the development of scientific reasoning abilities in adolescents. Piagetian theory provided the framework for choosing potential determinants of the dependent variable, scientific reasoning abilities. A model reflecting hypothesized causal relationships among determinants and with the dependent variable was developed a priori on the basis of theoretical and substantive reasoning. The hypothesized model was tested and revised using path analysis. Data from intact classes of middle-school (n = 101) and high-school (n = 89) students from an upper-middle-class suburb of a midwestern city revealed significant (p < 0.05) path coefficients for these variables and scientific reasoning abilities: age, I.Q., field dependence–independence, and experience. A path from locus of control to scientific reasoning abilities through field dependence-independence was also statistically significant. The revised model explained 61 percent of the variance in scientific reasoning abilities.     

Feedback complexity and corrective efficiency

College undergraduates read a 2400-word passage, responded to 16 multiple-choice questions, and received one of four types of feedback following their responses. Complexity of feedback was inversely related to both error correctability and criterion efficiency taken as a ratio of feedback study time to post-test corrects. The results were discussed in terms of depth of processing and instructional comprehension.     

近代体育思想对留美幼童人格影响

19世纪70年代,清政府派出旨在学习西方科技的幼童留美。幼童出国前缺乏体育运动,在美国,由于生理、心理及教育方式等原因,他们迅速接受了包括近代体育在内的美国文化,近代体育精神蕴涵的进取、竞争、自由等思想意识对他们近代人格的养成产生了积极的影响。     

Introduction to statistical surveys of health science libraries

The series of studies by the Committee on Surveys and Statistics of MLA presents the first comprehensive statistical picture of American health science libraries. These studies fill a serious information gap, and constitute a solid base for both present planning and historical record.     

论刑事诉讼羁押制度的程序化

通过分析刑事诉讼中存在的超期羁押现象,可以发现现行羁押制度的非程序化是其产生的原因之一.因此,羁押制度的程序化对于消除超期羁押有重要意义.