Training policies in the World Bank

Taught at the Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, the Vargas Foundation, the University of Chicago, the University of Brasilia, the University of Geneva and the University of Burgundy (Dijon). Was the Technical Co-ordinator of the research project on education in the framework of the Programme of Joint Studies on Latin American Economic Integration (ECIEL), was the director of CAPES (Brazilian Agency for Postgraduate Education) and was the Executive Secretary of CNRH (the Brazilian social policy institute of the Planning Secretariat). At present is the Chief of the Training Policies Branch of the International Labour Office (Geneva). Has published over twenty books and over 150 scholarly articles.     

两种不同纳米金修饰方法制备的Au/CeO2复合物的抗氧化性能

以水热法制备的CeO₂纳米棒为载体,分别采用溶胶法和沉积法对其进行纳米金修饰,得到两种不同纳米金修饰方法制备的Au/CeO₂复合物。在MV-Fenton体系中用紫外分光光度法对两种Au/CeO₂复合物的抗氧化性能进行研究。结果表明：溶胶法制备的Au/CeO₂（S-Au/CeO₂）比沉积法制备的Au/CeO₂（D-Au/CeO₂）展现出更好的抗氧化性能。进一步研究表明：沉积法制备过程可能破坏了CeO₂的表面结构,导致其抗氧化性能降低;另外,溶胶法负载的AuNPs和CeO₂之间的电子传递也使其抗氧化性能增强。     

浅谈大学数学课堂纪律建设

搞好大学数学课堂纪律建设,充分彰显课堂教学功效,既能更好地发挥学生的个性,又有助于教师更有效地管理课堂;既能让学生上课感到轻松,又可以很好地维护教师的尊严。     

Classifying documents with link-based bibliometric measures

Automatic document classification can be used to organize documents in a digital library, construct on-line directories, improve the precision of web searching, or help the interactions between user and search engines. In this paper we explore how linkage information inherent to different document collections can be used to enhance the effectiveness of classification algorithms. We have experimented with three link-based bibliometric measures, co-citation, bibliographic coupling and Amsler, on three different document collections: a digital library of computer science papers, a web directory and an on-line encyclopedia. Results show that both hyperlink and citation information can be used to learn reliable and effective classifiers based on a kNN classifier. In one of the test collections used, we obtained improvements of up to 69.8% of macro-averaged F ₁ over the traditional text-based kNN classifier, considered as the baseline measure in our experiments. We also present alternative ways of combining bibliometric based classifiers with text based classifiers. Finally, we conducted studies to analyze the situation in which the bibliometric-based classifiers failed and show that in such cases it is hard to reach consensus regarding the correct classes, even for human judges.     

One decade of environmental education research in Brazil: trajectories and trends in three national scientific conferences (ANPEd,ANPPAS and EPEA)

Abstract

This article discusses the scientific research work on environmental education presented during the last decade in three Brazilian conferences: the meetings of the National Association of Graduate Research on Education (Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação, ANPEd), the National Association of Graduate Research on Environment and Society (Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Ambiente e Sociedade, ANPPAS), and the Environmental Education Research Meetings (Encontros de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental, EPEA). It analyzes the authors, institutions, and regions whence the studies came from, as well as their main research subjects. Our findings indicate the prevalence of women in all academic degree segments; of PhD holders and candidates; of professors in public higher education institutions located in the Brazilian Southwest and South regions; and of environmental education in formal teaching as the main subject in all three conferences. Based on these results, we discuss how this body of research relates to the development of Brazilian academic and educational policies, and indicate some of the challenges involved in building a research tradition in this field, in close dialogue with the arduous political and pedagogical path of environmental education in Brazilian schools.     

后经济危机时期我国经济发展方式初探——关于十八大报告中推进经济结构战略性调整的理解

十八大报告指出,推进经济结构战略性调整是我国加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向,要把扩大内需作为战略基点,以此扩大国内市场规模。文章通过分析经济危机时期我国采取的经济政策及当前所面临的国际国内经济环境,阐释了我国经济持续发展所面临的问题,解读了我国调整经济结构、扩大内需、保障民生等政策背景,探究了相应的途径措施。     

项目驱动教学法在《灌溉排水工程学》中的应用研究

灌溉排水工程学作为农业水利工程专业的主干课程,其专业性、实践性极强,对学生的规划能力要求和动手能力要求很高。利用传统教学法不能很好地理论联系实际,因此文章在江西农业大学农业水土工程教学现状的基础上,探讨了利用项目驱动教学法在排水灌溉工程学进行教学的可能性,并提出了主要的教学设计过程,为进一步深化灌溉排水工程学这一课程教学改革提供了积极的借鉴作用。     

The soul of vocational schools: Training as a religious experience

There is more to schools than buildings and a collection of hired teachers. They develop values, transmit aspirations and require certain sets of beliefs. Unless schools convince students of the importance of what they teach, their chances of success are very slim. In a society which puts much value on university diplomas, convincing students that plumbing is the best occupation in the world may prove to be well-nigh possible. The most successful vocational programmes tend to be those that are operated either by systems dedicated to vocational education or by specialized schools within the regular system. Many planners will insist on solutions that lead to some degree of physical segregation. But given the usually high correlation between social class origin and school achievement, it is undeniable that we end up with a system that segregates the poor in courses of study that lead to lower-level occupations.

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Zusammenfassung Schulen sind mehr als nur Gebäude und eine Ansammlung angestellter Lehrer. Sie entwickeln Werte, vermitteln Hoffnungen und bauen auf bestimmten Glaubenssätzen auf. Solange Schulen ihre Schüler nicht von der Wichtigkeit dessen, was unterrichtet wird, überzeugen, sind ihre Aussichten auf Erfolg gering. In einer Gesellschaft, die einem Universitätsdiplom einen hohen Stellenwert einräumt, dürfte es fast unmöglich sein, Schüler davon zu überzeugen, daß Klempner der beste Beruf der Welt ist. Die erfolgreichsten Berufsprogramme sind meistens die, die von den der Berufsausbilding verpflichteten Systeme oder von Fachschulen innerhalb des regulären Systems durchgeführt werden. Zahlreiche Bildungsplaner werden auf Lösungen bestehen, die zu einem gewissen Grad von Segregation führen. Geht man aber von der im allgemeinen engen Verknüpfung zwischen sozialer Herkunft und Schulleistung aus, so kann nicht geleugnet werden, daß dies zu einem System führt, das die Minderbemittelten in Ausbildungsvorgänge einweist, die sie nur auf einfache Berufe vorbereiten.

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Résumé Les écoles sont bien plus que de simples bâtiments et une équipe d'enseignants. Elles développent des valeurs, transmettent des aspirations et requièrent certains modèles de croyances. Si les écoles ne convainquent pas les élèves de l'importance de leur enseignement, leurs chances de succès sont très minces. Dans une société qui attache de la valeur aux diplômes universitaires, il semble pratiquement impossible de persuader les apprenants que le métier de plombier est le meilleur du monde. Les programmes d'enseignement professionel les plus efficaces semblent être ceux qui procèdent soit par des systèmes spécialisés de formation professionelle soit par des écoles spécialisées intégrées dans le système formel. Les spécialistes de la planification insisteront sur les solutions qui conduisent à un certain degré de séparation physique. Cependant, étant donné la corrélation habituellement élevée entre l'origine sociale et les acquis scolaires, il est indéniable que nous aboutirons à un système qui isolera le pauvre dans des cours qui mènent à des métiers de bas niveau.

     

测角后交最佳点位是否位于已知三角形内心

分析了测角后交最佳点位的规律，并指出方面[2]结论的不足。