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191.
Organized research units—also known as centers, institutes, and laboratories—are increasingly prominent in the university.
This paper examines how ORUs emerge to promote global agendas and international collaborations in an academic health center
in North America. The roles these units play in helping researchers work across institutional and national boundaries are
identified and analyzed. The concept of boundary organizations is employed to explain the features of ORUs and the challenges
they face. Findings provide insight into how such units operate between local and global mandates, interest groups, and sources
of influence, helping to extend university research into the global space. 相似文献
192.
José L. Arco-Tirado Francisco D. Fernández-Martín Juan-Miguel Fernández-Balboa 《Higher Education》2011,62(6):773-788
The purposes of this study were, on one had, to determine the impact of a peer tutoring program on preventing academic failure
and dropouts among first-year students (N = 100), from Civil Engineering, Economics, Pharmacy, and Chemical Engineering careers; while, on the other hand, to identify
the potential benefits of such tutoring program on the cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies and social skills of
student mentors in their last year of studies or already in a postgraduate program (N = 41) at the University of Granada (Spain). After building and selecting the measurement instruments necessary to gather
demographic and academic relevant information on both samples, and assigning first-year students to either an experimental
or control group, the intervention consisted of ten 90-min tutoring sessions during the first semester lead by student tutors
who, in turn, had undergone four 3-h training sessions on tutoring contents like planning and time management, cognitive and
metacognitive learning strategies, motivational strategies and the use of materials designed ad hoc for this program. The results show differences in favour of the treatment group on grade point average, performance rate,
success rate and learning strategies and, also, statistically significant pre-post differences for the tutors on learning
strategies and social skills. 相似文献
193.
Gunnlaugsson G Kristjánsson AL Einarsdóttir J Sigfúsdóttir ID 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(5):372-381
Objectives
During intrafamilial conflicts children are often innocent bystanders, caught in the crossfire. In such situations, they are at increased risk to become directly involved in abusive verbal behavior of the perpetrator, and exposed to being shouted or yelled at, threatened, rejected and even physically abused. The present study has two main objectives: (1) ascertain a national base rate of intrafamilial conflicts and physical violence at home among Icelandic adolescents; and (2) to investigate the association of witnessing and/or having been a part of intrafamilial conflict or physical violence at home with variables that relate to mental health and well-being.Methods
The participants were 3,515 students, 14- and 15-year-old, in the national compulsory school system in Iceland. As a part of the 2003 ESPAD survey, each pupil was asked about experiences of severe verbal arguments and physical violence at home as well as their background, behaviors, and mental health assessed with the use of tested measurement scales such as the Symptom Distress Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.Results
About 22% of the participants stated that they had witnessed a severe verbal argument between parents and 34% stated that they had been involved in a severe verbal argument with parents. This rate was slightly higher for girls compared to boys. All together 7% of adolescents had witnessed physical violence at home where an adult was involved and 6% of the participants stated that they had experiences of being involved in physical violence at home where an adult was involved. Witnessing or being involved in severe verbal arguments at home and/or witnessing or being involved in physical violence with an adult was significantly associated with greater levels of depression, anger, and anxiety, and negatively related with self-esteem (p < 0.01).Conclusions
Many adolescents in Iceland witness severe parental verbal arguments or physical violence between adults in their homes and some are directly involved in such acts. It affects their long-term emotional and behavioral development and well-being.Practice implications
Preventive measures have to be implemented at an early age and should include, but not be limited to, information on disciplining and upbringing of children and the negative impact of intrafamilial conflicts on the long-term health of their children. Due attention should be given to the health and well-being of children where such violence is known to occur. 相似文献194.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of a phonological awareness training program in the specific
context of the Luxembourgish educational system. The intervention was run by the kindergarten teachers in their classes with
minimal external supervision. Forty-one classes of the area around Luxembourg City participated in the study. One hundred
and fifty children from 20 kindergarten classes were part of the training group and 157 children from 21 classes formed the
control group. At the end of kindergarten, clear training effects were observed for all phonological awareness tasks, except
for the highly demanding phoneme deletion task. After 6 months of reading and writing instruction in first grade, no training
effects were found in a pseudoword spelling task for the entire training group. Only at-risk children, which had the lowest
performance on preschool phonological awareness measures, showed significant training effects. We conclude that early phonological
awareness training may be profitably incorporated in kindergarten classroom activities, particularly for at-risk pupils, even
when the language characteristics and teaching methods already concur in facilitating the understanding of the alphabetic
principle. 相似文献
195.
Experience of cooperative learning in engineering 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Rocio Maceiras Angeles Cancela Santiago Urréjola Angel Sánchez 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2011,36(1):13-19
The objective of this work is to share the authors’ experience towards a different mode of teaching/learning method. Cooperative learning (Jigsaw) was employed on the University of Vigo's fourth-year engineering students. The results of the experience show that cooperative learning is quite a viable alternative to the classical way of lecturing at the university when the number of students is not too high. The authors’ observation indicates that students did not show a lot of interest towards the new learning style but their resistance changed once they began the activity. The Jigsaw method has proved to be a useful tool for improving the learning process so that students have the opportunity to participate actively in the learning activities. 相似文献
196.
197.
198.
This paper is aimed to investigate the operating characteristics of a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) integrated with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) for high power applications in the transmission network level. The STATCOM controller topology comprises multi-level multi-pulse neutral-point clamped-type (NPC) voltage source inverters (VSIs) using the harmonics cancellation technique, and incorporates a SMES coil. An innovative two-quadrant multi-level dc-dc converter is proposed to effectively interface the STATCOM with the superconducting coil using a buck-boost topology with neutral point voltage control capabilities; thus enabling to simultaneously control both active and reactive power exchange with the high voltage power system. A detailed analysis of major system variables is presented, including analytical results and digital simulations using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Moreover, a three-level control scheme is designed, including a full decoupled current control strategy in the d-q reference frame with a novel controller to prevent the STATCOM dc bus capacitors voltage drift/imbalance and an enhanced power system frequency controller. 相似文献
199.
Many services can be self-provided. An individual user or a user firm can, for example, choose to do its own accounting - choose to self-provide that service - instead of hiring an accounting firm to provide it. Since users can ‘serve themselves’ in many cases, it is reasonable to suspect that they can also innovate with respect to the services they self-provide - possibly without the assistance of service providers.In this paper, we conduct the first quantitative exploration of the importance of services innovation by users, focusing on the field of commercial and retail banking services. We find that 55% of today's computerized commercial banking services were first developed and implemented by non-bank firms for their own use, and 44% of today's computerized retail banking services were first developed and implemented by individual service users rather than by commercial financial service providers. Manual precursors to these services - manual procedures that carried out functions similar to computerized services in our sample - were almost always developed by users as self-services.Our empirical findings differ significantly from prevalent producer-centered views of service development. We speculate that the patterns we have observed in banking with respect to the major role of users in service development will prove to be quite general. If so, this will be an important matter: on the order of 75% of GDP in advanced economies today is derived from services. We discuss the implications of our findings for research and practice in service development. 相似文献
200.
Ricardo Colomo-PalaciosAuthor VitaeEduardo FernandesAuthor Vitae Pedro Soto-AcostaAuthor Vitae Marc SabbaghAuthor Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(4):395-399
Software must evolve in order to adapt to new demands and scenarios. In the case of packaged software that can be customized, this evolution implies the maintenance of both out-of-the-box and customized functionality alike. New user interface technologies provide a way to interact with applications that software vendors are forced to incorporate in order to meet new user and market requirements. Packaged software vendors are facing software evolution processes in order to attract more customers and conserve the existing ones. This case analysis describes the evolution of packaged software, Meta4 PeopleNet, towards the addiction of Rich Internet Applications features to a Human and Intellectual Capital Management tool. The findings and lessons learned presented in this case study provide useful insights for packaged software vendors facing software product evolution. 相似文献