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931.
This paper introduces a polynomial operator called the DT-polynomial as a novel approach to network flow problems. The class of networks dealt with is time-varying in the sense that the capacity, cost, and travel-time of each edge may vary in discrete time. The Dt-polynomial is a polynomial in two operators, D (delay) and T (time), which is used for describing the time-varying transmission characteristics. The paper starts with the mathematics involving the DT-polynomials. A new shortest arrival route algorithm is presented, and its computational complexity is found to be favorable in comparison with others such as Dijkstra's method and the potential method derived from Ford-Fulkerson's technique. Furthermore, a dynamic flow problem is formulated and analyzed in terms of DT-polynomials, and a latest-departure earliest-arrival schedule is given. Finally, a modified DT-polynomial is applied to digital filter networks. 相似文献
932.
M. Farshad 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1978,305(3):125-135
A two-dimensional theory for the incremental deformations of an initially stressed continuum with couple stresses is established in this paper. As applications of theory, the problems of internal instability and wave propagation are studied. It is found that the otherwise non-dispersive waves become dispersive, and additional local modes of buckling and vibratory motion are observed. To complete the theory, a stress function formulation of equations is also presented. 相似文献
933.
Yudell L. Luke 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1978,305(5):259-273
Uniform asymptotic estimates for the error in the main diagonal and first two subdiagonal Padé approximants for exp(iz) in a sector covering the real z axis are derived. The results are applied to analyze the error in a cerain procedure for the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform. 相似文献
934.
In an attempt to clarify the chronological relationship between identity and equivalence conservation, normal preschool-aged children (experiment 1) were exposed to brief videotape demonstrations of a model conserving identity and equivalence, identity only, equivalence only, or neither. Subsequent performances indicate that identity was easier to accelerate than equivalence, and training in both identity and equivalence appeared to be most effective in accelerating conservation. Trainable mentally retarded (TMR) children were then exposed to either the identity-equivalence-conserving or control model (experiment 2). This population, which some have argued remains at a preoperational level of functioning, was more likely to conserve identity than equivalence. In addition, conservation in the training group increased following training, though these gains were not maintained over a 3-week retention interval. 相似文献
935.
93 first graders (mean age 6.5 years) were given a pretest and posttest on half of the items from the Children's Embedded Figures Test. Half of the children were randomly assigned to a training condition and received a brief training procedure on visual-spatial disembedding prior to the administration of the posttest. Children in the control condition received no training. The performance of girls improved significantly more from pretest to posttest than the performance of boys. Boys and girls showed similar beneficial effects of training in addition to the benefit of direct practice. The tendency that was observed for boys to perform higher than girls on the pretest, p less than .10, was not evident on the posttest. Scores on the pretest predicted scores on a different measure of visual-spatial ability only for children in the control group. The results are interpreted in terms of current theories of sex differences in visual-spatial perception. 相似文献
936.
The reproducibility of microwave integrated circuits can be improved by employing substrates which are anisotropic. A method is presented which facilitates the computation of the characteristics of distributed integrated microwave circuits of finite conductor thickness on anisotropic and inhomogeneous substrates. The method is variational and it relies on a quasi-static approach which assumes that the charge distribution on each side of the conductor can be represented by a spatially dependent set of exponential functions. 相似文献
937.
Christos V. Massalas George I. Tzivanidis John T. Katsikadelis 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1978,306(6):449-455
In this paper, a solution is presented to the buckling problem of a continuous beam resting on a tensionless foundation model that was proposed by Winkler and by Reissner. 相似文献
938.
Jerome E. Schnee 《Research Policy》1978,7(1):3-24
The research reported in this article was carried out as part of a larger prefect investigating the impact of the US Space Program on the American economy. The author describes the influence of governmental programs in space and defense on the growth of the computer and semiconductor industries. Three types of economic impacts are analyzed: the role of the federal government in financing research and development; the importance of the government as a market, particularly in the early stages of an industry's growth; and the extent to which government policy encouraged the entrance of new firms and permitted the survival of companies that might otherwise have failed. The paper also deals with the contribution of Defense and NASA to the acceleration of technological changes and the development of specialized manpower on which the progress of the industry largely depended.The author concludes that large government programs can play an essential role in the growth of high technology industries. The significance of space-defense programs for US semiconductor and computer firms can only be perceived by reviewing each type of impact-economic, technological and manpower. The government's early R & D support, assured demand during startup periods, encouragement of competition, acceleration of technological progress and its facilitating of professional mobility, are the separate impacts which together greatly aided US firms in their rise to a dominant position in the world semiconductor and computer industries. 相似文献
939.
This paper is concerned with the analysis of the problem of dynamic perforation of visco-plastic plates by a cylindrical projectile, leading to a failure of the plate by a plug formation. Assuming the behavior of the plate material is nonlocal visco-plastic, the classical theory of visco-plasticity for Bingham solids is generalized to take the non-local effects into consideration. The target plate being thin, it is assumed that only the contributions of vertical shearing stress need be taken into account. The effect of the impact is represented by a uniform velocity distribution over a circular region of the plate surface. The expressions of velocity, strain rate and shear stress are obtained and some particular cases are discussed. Some numerical results concerning stress distributions are also included. 相似文献
940.