Towards the prediction of climate

The prediction of long-term climatic changes is not only intrinsically interesting and challenging, but directly relevant to social and economic planning, not least in the context of fuel policy. For the moment, prediction relies heavily on the construction of a long-term data bank for past climatic patterns: for the European region it has been possible to build this up for every season of every year since about 1500.     

Educational planning for scientific socialism in Mozambique: A view from the left

Two years (1978–1980) of working with educators and the Ministry of Education in Mozambique form the basis of this appraisal of the directions which socialist education is taking there. The influence of East European advisers from centrally planned economies appears to be encouraging a form of education which is authoritarian and, because of planning manpower for rapid industrialisation, elitist, technocratic and inherently undemocratic. Particular note is taken that the techniques of manpower planning applied do not seem appropriate to the changing economy of Mozambique.     

德育及公民教育在香港课程改革中的理念、策略和实践经验

香港特别行政区推行的课程改革,将德育及公民教育作为首要发展项目,并就具体的推行策略建议中小学校应优先培育学生五种价值观和态度:坚毅,尊重别人,责任感,国民身份认同及承担精神;强调以学生为本的方针,鼓励学校将学生身边发生的事情灵活地融入课程设计中。此目标和策略的厘定,是回应现今香港的社会情况及未来发展方向,亦考虑到学校现况及参考其它国家的实践经验。学校推行德育及公民教育的策略,除了开办正规的德育及公民教育课程外,亦会在正规的学科学习中,渗透一些涉及价值判断的讨论活动,藉此提升学生的道德判断能力;或是藉实践学习的经验培养学生的价值观。教育统筹局作为推动香港德育及公民教育发展的官方机构,负起带领学校推行课程改革的职责:引入新思维、鼓励新尝试及交流新知识;目的是希望将课程改革的信息带到学校,以提升教师在这方面的认识和教学技巧,并为学生提供一个有利培育正确价值观的学习环境。