A Quantitative Survey of Knowledge of Reproductive Health Issues of 12-14-year-old Girls of Different Ethnic and Religious Backgrounds in Iran: Implications for education

A quantitative research study was conducted to examine the knowledge of girls aged 12-14 years regarding reproductive health in five cities in Iran with different ethnic and cultural majorities. A cross-sectional study using a self-administrated questionnaire was conducted among guide school (middle school) pupils. Data analysis was based on 1,893 questionnaires. The internal consistency of the items was 0.80. Overall, knowledge level was unsatisfactory. An association between age and knowledge about reproductive health was found. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge of reproductive health between cities. The findings suggest that reproductive health education initiatives that involve mothers may be most appro priate in terms of cultural and religious sensitivities, and be in keeping with the wishes of the girls themselves.     

《经义考通说疏证》序跋

自序《经义考》一书,皇皇三百卷,系清初大儒朱彝尊晚年所编纂之经学文献工具书。朱彝尊(1629—1709),字锡鬯,号竹,秀水(今浙江嘉兴)人。康熙己未(1679)荐举博学鸿词,召试授检讨,入直内廷。彝尊文章尔雅,初在布衣之内,已与王士声价相齐。博识多闻,学有根柢,复     

《四库全书总目》善本观初探

首次从正反两方面探讨《四库全书总目》的善本观,认为《总目》之善本观是考订家之善本现,而非赏鉴家之善本观.     

Evaluating change in interagency collaboration of a state-level interagency education team: a social network approach within a utilization-focused framework

Improving collaboration among organizations is a goal of interagency educational teams, but collaboration is typically thought of as an ambiguous concept that cannot be quantified. To assess the collaborative strength of a state-level interagency team in a Midwestern state, team members completed the Levels of Collaboration Scale (Frey et al., American Journal of Evaluation 27(3):383, 2006) for three consecutive years. The team members then utilized the results of the social network analysis to support and sustain collaborative efforts. Findings revealed that the number of partnerships increased and the depth of collaboration expanded across the 3 years. Social network analysis results were utilized to develop collaboration strategies, thus influencing the expansion of the network across the 3-year period.     

A family of proportionate normalized subband adaptive filter algorithms

In this paper, the concept of proportionate adaptation is extended to the normalized subband adaptive filter (NSAF), and seven proportionate normalized subband adaptive filter algorithms are established. The proposed algorithms are proportionate normalized subband adaptive filter (PNSAF), μ‐law PNSAF (MPNSAF), improved PNSAF (IPNSAF), the improved IPNSAF (IIPNSAF), the set-membership IPNSAF (SM-IPNSAF), the selective partial update IPNSAF (SPU-IPNSAF), and SM-SPU-IPNSAF which are suitable for sparse system identification in network echo cancellation. When the impulse response of the echo path is sparse, the PNSAF has initial faster convergence than NSAF but slows down dramatically after initial convergence. The MPNSAF algorithm has fast convergence speed during the whole adaptation. The IPNSAF algorithm is suitable for both sparse and dispersive impulse responses. The SM-IPNSAF exhibits good performance with significant reduction in the overall computational complexity compared with the ordinary IPNSAF. In SPU-IPNSAF, the filter coefficients are partially updated rather than the entire filter at every adaptation. In SM-SPU-IPNSAF algorithm, the concepts of SM and SPU are combined which leads to a reduction in computational complexity. The simulation results show good performance of the proposed algorithms.     

山东省普通高校高水平运动队所处困境与可持续发展研究

以文献资料、问卷调查和实地调查为基础,对山东省普通高校高水平运动队所面临的主要困难进行了分析,在此基础上,提出深化体制改革、规范招生、拓宽经费来源、加强教练员队伍建设、解决运动员实际问题和开拓市场、创立品牌的建议,旨在为山东省普通高校高水平运动队的可持续发展提供一定的理论和方法支持。     

The value of emic research in sport for development and peace programs

This paper demonstrates the value of researching the emic perceptions expressed by participants of sport for development and peace (SDP) programs about their program. An Israeli SDP program was chosen which addresses Arab children’s educational needs through sport. Ten semi-structured interviews were held with participants: two Jewish male managers, two Arab male principals and six Arab female volunteers, and a three-stage qualitative data analysis was implemented. The analysis revealed that the participants had constructed a complex array of different meanings and were switching them in the changing social contexts. In the discussion we provide the following explanatory framework: the emic data revealed an ‘impression management’ dynamic, which on the one hand exhibits the agency of the participants to control their short-term reality, but on the other hand conceals a miscommunication problem and discrepancies that weaken the impact of the program as a whole. Better dialogue between the actors may present a risk of controversy and perhaps even the dismantling of the program, yet offers a chance for reform and better development achievements. A routine of emic research could benefit SDP programs in uncovering these and other hidden phenomena.     

落叶归根

看到这篇文章,小编不禁联想到日本电影《入硷师》。当初听到这个名字的时候非常担心影片的内容会很晦涩阴暗,看过之后却感触良多,发现它处处流露着对生命的尊重和人生的思考。本文是一篇凄美的作品,是美国国家公共电台(NPR)三分钟小说写作比赛的获奖文章。也许大多数人没有想过一篇以somepeople swore that the house was haunted开头的文章却没有任何恐怖内容。就如电影《落叶归根》,无论是人类还是动物,都希望死后能有一个安稳的归处。