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41.
Kindergarten risk factors, cognitive factors, and teacher judgments as predictors of early reading in Dutch 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study focused on the predictive value of risk factors, cognitive factors, and teachers' judgments in a sample of 462 kindergartners for their early reading skills and reading failure at the beginning of Grade 1. With respect to risk factors, enrollment in speech-language therapy, history of dyslexia or speech-language problems in the family, and the role of gender were considered. None of these risk factors were significantly related to reading performance. Cognitive factors in this study included letter knowledge, rapid naming ability, and nonword repetition skills. Of these skills, letter knowledge seemed to have the highest correlation with reading. Kindergarten teachers' judgments, including a task assignment scale and teachers' predictions, demonstrated a significant relationship with reading. Finally, to judge whether these predictors could identify reading disabilities, the discriminatory power of all predictors was assessed and appeared to be insufficient. Implications for screening purposes are discussed. 相似文献
42.
INTRODUCTION Photonic crystals (PhCs) are increasingly at- tracting attention due to their ability of controlling light propagation on a wavelength scale, by which a fascinating platform for a new generation of inte- grated optical devices and components can be pro- vided. Many studies on PhCs however, focused on new means of tailoring the emission and propagation of light using the photonic band gap (PBG) property whereby the photon density of states is zero. A PhC with a full PBG re… 相似文献
43.
Little research has considered whether prenatal experience contributes to executive function (EF) development above and beyond postnatal experience. This study tests direct, mediated, and moderated associations between prenatal risk factors and preschool EF and IQ in a longitudinal sample of 1,292 children from the Family Life Project. A composite of prenatal risk factors (i.e., low birth weight, prematurity, maternal emotional problems, maternal prepregnancy obesity, and obstetric complications) significantly predicted EF and IQ at age 3, above quality of the postnatal environment. This relationship was indirect, mediated through infant general cognitive abilities. Quality of the postnatal home and child-care environments did not moderate the cascade model. These findings highlight the role of prenatal experience as a contributor to individual differences in cognitive development. 相似文献
44.
AbstractMany teacher preparation programs offering dual certification have engaged in program redesign to establish greater integration between general education and special education. This article presents findings from an exploratory case study that examined the perspectives of former preservice teacher candidates and school personnel regarding an integrated yearlong dual certification internship. Findings indicated research participants (a) placed value on the breadth and authenticity of the experience; (b) built deep relationships with students and staff that contributed to building confidence; and (c) felt the structure and impact of the model yielded positive outcomes for both the school and for preservice teacher candidates. Implications for practice include suggestions for how teacher preparation programs might move toward integrated models of dual certification teacher preparation and explore the importance of clinically rich partnerships that benefit both preservice teacher candidates and field sites. 相似文献
45.
Bobby Hoffman Matthew T. McCrudden Gregory Schraw Kendall Hartley 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2008,9(4):464-474
This study investigated the influence of informational complexity and working memory capacity on problem-solving efficiency.
We examined two predictions of thesituational efficiency hypothesis, which states that the efficiency of problem solving varies as a function of situational constraints. One prediction is that
informational complexity affects problem-solving efficiency. A second prediction is that working memory capacity affects problem-solving
efficiency. Students completed a working memory task and solved abstract and concrete syllogisms. Participants solved abstract
syllogisms more accurately than concrete syllogisms and spent more time solving abstract syllogisms. Thus participants demonstrated
greater problem-solving efficiency when solving concrete syllogisms. Results indicate that there is a trade-off between problem-solving
accuracy and problem-solving time when information differs with respect to informational complexity, a phenomenon we refer
to as theefficiency paradox. Working memory capacity did not affect accuracy or efficiency. The results support the conclusion that problem-solving efficiency
is situational and a function of the complexity of information. Educational implications and directions for future research
are suggested. 相似文献
46.
Michelle T. Chamberlin Jeff D. Farmer Jodie D. Novak 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2008,11(6):435-457
The purpose of the project reported in this article was to evaluate how assessing teachers’ mathematical knowledge within
a professional development course impacted from the teachers’ perspective their learning and their experience with the course.
The professional development course consisted of a 2-week summer institute and the content focus was geometry. We had decided
to assess the mathematical learning of the teachers during this professional development course for various accountability
reasons, but were concerned about possible negative by-products of this decision on the teachers and their participation.
Thus, we worked to design assessment in ways that we hoped would minimize negative impacts and maintain a supportive learning
environment. In addition, we undertook this evaluation to examine the impacts of the assessment, which included homework,
quizzes, various projects, and an examination for program evaluation. Seventeen grade 5–9 teachers enrolled in the course
participated in the study by completing written reflections and by describing their experiences in interviews. We learned
that while our original intent was “to do no harm,” the teachers reported that their learning was enhanced by the assessment.
The article concludes by describing the various properties of the assessments that the teachers identified as contributing
to their learning of the geometry content, many of which align with current recommendations for assessing and evaluating grade
K-16 mathematics students.
相似文献
Michelle T. ChamberlinEmail: |
47.
A randomized controlled trial of a home-visiting intervention aimed at preventing relationship problems in depressed mothers and their infants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study examined the effect of a mother–baby intervention on the quality of mother–child interaction, infant–mother attachment security, and infant socioemotional functioning in a group of depressed mothers with infants aged 1–12 months. A randomized controlled trial compared an experimental group ( n = 35) receiving the intervention (8–10 home visits) with a control group ( n = 36) receiving parenting support by telephone. There were assessments pre, post, and follow-up after 6 months. The intervention had positive effects on the quality of mother–infant interaction. Infants in the experimental group had higher scores for attachment security and for one aspect of socioemotional functioning, namely, competence. The intervention proved successful in preventing deterioration of the quality of mother–child interaction. 相似文献
48.
This study used data from the Assessment Tools for Teaching and Learning project, which involved data on the academic performance of more than 90,000 New Zealand students in six subjects (i.e. reading, writing and mathematics in two languages). Two sub-samples of this dataset were included for detailed re-analysis to test the general applicability of the Australian model of Quality of School Life (Ainley et al. 1986) in the New Zealand context. The first sample comprised 336 year 8 students from elementary schools and the second sample consisted of 272 year 10 students from high schools. Furthermore, two structural equation models were developed and tested, expressing relationships between students’ quality of school life perceptions, students’ attitudes to mathematics, and their effects on mathematics achievement. The quality of school life questionnaires scales [Ainley and Bourke, in Res Pap Educ 7(2):107–128, 1992] were used as indicators of students’ perceptions regarding learning, teachers and peer relationships. The model proposed that perceived quality of school life would affect students’ attitudes of liking and confidence in mathematics, which would in turn affect their academic performance. After controlling for other variables in the model, students’ perception about their self-efficacy to learn mathematics was more directly related to outcomes than to perceptions of teacher quality or peer involvement. Data analyses revealed no apparent relationships of these factors to mathematics achievement. Moreover, results for both samples led to the conclusion that the perceived quality of learning is connected with ‘confidence in’ and ‘liking mathematics’, which in turn predict students’ mathematics achievement. 相似文献
49.
Walter Hahn Guy Cellerier Wolfgang Wilhelm Jindra Kulich Robert J. Havighurst Bryan T. Peck Annegret Körner Rodney Skager Renate Nestvogel J. H. Sislian John J. Bergen Peter W. Kahl Tony Bates 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1978,24(4):523-544
50.