独立学院教学质量评价的影响因素分析

建立健全独立学院教学质量评估体系对提高独立学院教学质量有着十分重要的作用,一个科学、行之有效的教学质量评价体系,可以准确地评估教师教学的质量和效果,及时了解教师的教学和学生的学习情况,有利于改进教学中存在的问题,进一步提高教学质量.但目前的评估工作中存在一些问题,影响了教学评估的结果,从而影响了评估结果的准确性,结合实际操作中所遇到的影响因素,提出具体的应对措施.     

Fluorescence and photodegradation of Xuan paper: The photostability of traditional Chinese handmade paper

Xuan paper is a type of Chinese handmade paper produced for traditional calligraphy and painting in China since the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD), and is therefore an important cultural heritage material. In this study, the fluorescence and photochemical properties of Xuan paper were investigated. Xuan paper exhibits auto-fluorescence in the blue spectral range (450–500 nm) and UVA photolysis of the paper resulted in a substantial reduction in the blue fluorescence together with the formation of chromophores absorbing in the visible spectrum, resulting in photoyellowing of the paper. A more significant yellowing of paper was observed when irradiated in the dry state than under wet conditions. The associated photogeneration of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide from three types of Xuan paper samples during irradiation showed a correlation between the yields of reactive oxygen species and their relative yellowing rates. The results are interpreted in terms of sensitised photooxidation via a mechanism of electron transfer involving the fluorophores in their excited singlet states being responsible for the photodegradation of Xuan paper. SEM/EDS analyses were performed on the Xuan paper samples to investigate their morphological and elemental characteristics. Silica-containing fibres characteristic of a special rice straw that grows in siliceous soil were observed in all types of Xuan paper. Micron-sized calcium precipitates possibly formed from the “lime-steaming” manufacture process were shown to protect against the acidification of paper during accelerated thermal ageing.     

高校图书馆与大学生心理健康教育的思考

文章从大学生心理健康现状入手,分析了高校图书馆开展大学生心理健康教育的优势,着重论述高校图书馆开展大学生心理健康教育的途径.     

教育收费:源头治乱的理性审视和政策选择

教育乱收费不仅是全社会也是党和政府关心的话题。多年来,我们在治理和规范教育乱收费方面做了大量工作,取得了一些成效,但总的来看,治理工作仍处于按下葫芦浮起瓢的尴尬境地,乱收费远未根本遏制：这就需要对乱收费现象和治理工作重新审视,客观分析,冷静思考,并转换思路,更新办法,方能源头止乱。     

多媒体教室的设计应符合人性的特征

本文论述了有利于学生身心健康和学习效率的多媒体教室微气候环境因素指标、声学环境、桌椅板凳结构。指出了目前多媒体教室设计中存在的一些问题。根据人体的生理、心理特性对多媒体教室的设计进行了初步探讨。     

第一批留学生的派遣与中国教育的近代化

19世纪70年代,中国政府第一次派遣留学生去国外学习先进的科学技术,是在内外社会矛盾错综复杂的历史条件下产生的新事物。它开创了中国近代教育史上留学教育之先河,为我国教育的发展做出了重要贡献,极大地推动了中国教育的近代化发展。     

教育辅导简论

教育辅导是教育对受教育提供的一种生活指导和生存帮助,其目的是使其生存能量充分发挥出来,过着与自然、社会等相适应的生活。各种类型的学校教育辅导有不同的内容和目标追求。为践行这些内容与目标要求,教育必须掌握一定的辅导方法。     

党的三代领导核心解决农村贫困问题的探索与实践

我国农村扶贫成就举世瞩目。党的三代中央领导核心解决农村贫困问题思想和实践不断丰富和发展。毛泽东希望通过互助合作,依靠集体力量摆脱贫困;邓小平提出通过改革开放,先富带动后富实现共同富裕;江泽民要求通过扶贫攻坚,增加农民收入建设小康社会。     

Impulsive control for passivity and exponential synchronization of coupled neural networks with multiple weights

This paper investigates the passivity and synchronization problems for two classes of multiple weighted coupled neural networks (MWCNNs) with or without time delays. Firstly, by utilizing an impulsive control strategy and some inequality techniques, several passivity criteria for MWCNNs with diverse dimensions of output and input are established. Then, based on the Lyapunov functional, some sufficient conditions to ensure the synchronization of MWCNNs via impulsive control are derived. In addition, combined with the comparison principle and the impulsive delay differential inequality, the global exponential synchronization of MWCNNs with time-varying delays is considered under impulsive control. Finally, two numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.     

Pathogenic organization in science: Division of labor and retractions

Science is increasingly a team activity, and the size of the teams has been growing. At the same time, there are concerns about an increasing rate of pathologies in science. The growth of team science suggests the need to look beyond individual-level explanations and focus on organizational structures and institutional contexts to explain pathologies in science. Drawing on the literature on organizational pathologies, we argue that division of labor may be a key factor contributing to pathologies in science. Furthermore, we examine the effects of high-stakes incentives and of institutional corruption as additional predictors of scientific pathologies. Using retractions as an indicator of pathologies, and drawing on a matched sample of 195 retracted papers and 349 paired papers that were not retracted, we develop indicators of the division of labor in the team that produced a paper and find that the rate of retractions is higher as the division of labor increases (net of team size). Additionally, we find that high-stakes incentives and institutional corruption are also associated with increased retractions. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for science policy, in particular for organizing team science projects.