2 × 2 Achievement goals and achievement emotions: a cluster analysis of students' motivation

This study sought to better understand the adoption of multiple achievement goals at an intra-individual level, and its links to emotional well-being, learning, and academic achievement. Participants were 480 Secondary Two students (aged between 13 and 14 years) from two coeducational government schools. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the presence of five clusters of students with significantly different achievement goal profiles. MANOVAs and ANOVA, followed by post-hoc tests showed that these clusters also differed significantly in terms of their experience of achievement emotions, use of learning strategies, and mathematics performance. The cluster with high endorsement of mastery approach goal and low endorsement of mastery avoidance goal was noted to have the most adaptive profile. The presence of a cluster of lowly motivated students was highlighted. Findings emphasised the importance of investigating achievement emotions, and how the different achievement goals combine to influence achievement-related variables.     

基于Zigbee和LabVIEW的新型城市照明监控系统

基于CC2530模块、Zigbee协议栈和LabVIEW编程设计了一种新型城市照明监控系统。该系统由自组织网络支撑,根据能量均衡的原则设计系统的基本架构;基于Zigbee协议栈进行功能定制,从而采集光照强度和链路质量强度,并为各节点设置自定义标签和睡眠周期;利用LabVIEW编程开发监控中心客户端。该系统首先由各监控节点采集信息,然后将这些信息发送给路由器或基站,最后上传给监控中心客户端,从而实现了城市照明系统精准、快速地监控与维护,此外,客户端还能在节点出现异常时报警。     

Framing “world class” differently: international and Korean participants’ perceptions of the world class university project

This study analyzes how the world class university (WCU) project in Korea is perceived by participating international scholars and Korean principal investigators by conducting focus group interviews and utilizing semantic network analysis. While international scholars and Korean principal investigators agree that the success of WCU depends on mutual collaboration, the expansion of qualitative evaluation, and effective student education, their core interests and values differ. International scholars place much weight on core educational values that are tied with students and research. On the other hand, Korean principal investigators take greater interest in the administrative side, including formal evaluation, regulation, and attendance for the required number of class days. This difference in assessing the WCU project emerges as an obstacle to mutual understanding and collaboration. Rather than judging which group’s frame of reference is better or more relevant, our analysis focuses on offering a context-specific understanding of frame while avoiding the cliché of “cultural difference.” Lastly, the analysis of frames offers some useful implications for the Korean higher education research and policy community.     

用HMO理论解释卡宾的电子结构与立体结构及其反应

卡宾的基态有单线态和三线态两种状态。本文用HMO法的近似解说明了卡宾是以单线基态还是以三线基态存在的原因,同时也比较满意地解释了卡宾弯曲空间结构的特点,以及环状共轭卡宾的亲核或亲电反应性质。本文认为,卡宾中心碳原子是SP~2杂化。卡宾的基态是单线态还是三线态取决于卡宾中心碳原子的非键P轨道与相邻原子的P轨道的相互作用以及P电子的数目。     

Pedagogy,Partnership, and Collaboration: A Longitudinal,Empirical Study of Serious Educational Gameplay in Secondary Biology Classrooms

Journal of Science Education and Technology - The use of serious educational games has the potential to increase student learning outcomes in science education by providing students with...     

The use of educational comics in learning anatomy among multiple student groups

Understanding basic human anatomy can be beneficial for all students, regardless of when, or if, they will later undertake a formal course in the subject. For students who are preparing to undertake a formal anatomy course, educational comics on basic anatomy can serve as a concise and approachable review of the material. For other students, these comics can serve as a helpful and fun introduction to the human body. The objective of the comics in this study was to promote an understanding of fundamental human anatomy through self‐learning among students. Based on the authors' previous teaching experience, these anatomy comics were produced in a simple, direct style. The comics were titled after the two main characters, “Anna” (a girl) and “Tommy” (a boy). These comics were then presented to groups of elementary school students, high school students, premedical students, and medical students to assess the comics' ability to enhance student interest and comprehension of basic anatomy. Quiz scores among high school students and premedical students were significantly higher among participants who read the educational comics, indicating a deeper comprehension of the subject. Among medical students, close reading of the comics was associated with improved course grades. These educational anatomy comics may be helpful tools to enrich a broad spectrum of different students in learning basic human anatomy. Anat Sci Educ 10: 79–86. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.     

Comparing the standards of one metabolic equivalent of task in accurately estimating physical activity energy expenditure based on acceleration

The purpose of the study is to analyse how the standard of resting metabolic rate (RMR) affects estimation of the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) using an accelerometer. In order to investigate the effect on estimation according to intensity of activity, comparisons were conducted between the 3.5 ml O₂ · kg^?1 · min^?1 and individually measured resting VO₂ as the standard of 1 MET. MET was estimated by linear regression equations that were derived through five-fold cross-validation using 2 types of MET values and accelerations; the accuracy of estimation was analysed through cross-validation, Bland and Altman plot, and one-way ANOVA test. There were no significant differences in the RMS error after cross-validation. However, the individual RMR-based estimations had as many as 0.5 METs of mean difference in modified Bland and Altman plots than RMR of 3.5 ml O₂ · kg^?1 · min^?1. Finally, the results of an ANOVA test indicated that the individual RMR-based estimations had less significant differences between the reference and estimated values at each intensity of activity. In conclusion, the RMR standard is a factor that affects accurate estimation of METs by acceleration; therefore, RMR requires individual specification when it is used for estimation of METs using an accelerometer.     

Pedagogy and Foreignness

Based on my reflections on “being a foreigner,” I explore the boundaries of citizenship education in this essay. I use my foreign identity to articulate how social justice education can perpetuate closed-mindedness in classrooms by moving too quickly to student activism. I situate my experiences and reflections on being a foreigner within previous conversations about notions of certainty and indoctrination in the field of education philosophy, and I make an argument to create a safe intellectual space for my students. Creating such space is not neglecting moral responsibility or perpetuating privilege but actually navigating through the binary between “us” and “them.”