基于约束规则的科技基础性数据质量审查模型研究与实现

针对科技基础性工作项目汇交数据质量审查人工效率低、易出错的现状,设计了基于自定义约束规则的项 目汇交数据质量审查模型。模型由构建器、规则库和判断器3个部分构成,其中构建器主要是用于约束规则的配置;规 则库由一系列规则集构成,每个规则集都从数据的完整性、一致性和约束性3个方面进行约束规则的定义,完成定义的 规则集构成一个审查模板;判断器主要是将审查模板应用于一个数据集进行审查并输出审查意见。实践证明,该模型 能够满足科技基础性工作项目汇交数据质量审查的工作要求,提高了科技基础性工作项目汇交数据质量审查的质量和 效率,同时也为其他类似数据质量审查工作提供了技术参考。     

Influence of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on ventilatory thresholds related to endurance performance

The purpose of this study was to verify the association between ACTN3 polymorphism and physiological parameters related to endurance performance. A total of 150 healthy male volunteers performed a maximal incremental running test to determine the speeds corresponding to ventilatory threshold (VT) and respiratory compensation point (RCP). Participants were genotyped and divided into terciles based on the analysed variables. Genotype frequencies were compared through χ² test between lower and higher terciles, with the lowest or highest values of each analysed variable. ACTN3 XX genotype was over-represented in higher tercile for VT and RCP. Odds ratio also showed significantly higher chances of XX individuals to be in higher tercile compared to RR (7.3) and RR + RX (3.5) for VT and compared to RR genotype (8.1) and RR + RX (3.4) for RCP. Thus, XX individuals could attain the VT and RCP at higher speeds, suggesting that they are able to sustain higher running speeds in lower exercise intensity domains. It could result in higher lipid acids oxidation, saving muscle glycogen and delaying the fatigue during prolonged exercises, which could be the advantage mechanism of this genotype to endurance performance.     

High-speed video image analysis of ski jumping flight posture

Ski jumping flight posture was analyzed for achieving large flight distance on the basis of high-speed video images of the initial 40 m part of 120-m ski jumping flight. The time variations of the forward leaning angle and the ski angle of attack were measured from the video images, and the aerodynamic forces were calculated from the kinematic data derived from the images. Some correlations were investigated between the initial-speed corrected flight distance and such parameters as the angles of jumper, the initial transition time and the aerodynamic force coefficients. The result indicated that small body angle of attack was a key for large flight distance in the initial phase of flight because of small drag force, and that the most distinctive fault of beginners was too large body angle of attack and ski angle of attack leading to aerodynamic stall. Too small drag force does not give an optimal condition for large flight distance because the lift force is also too small. The ratio of the lift to the drag was larger than 0.95 for advanced jumpers.     

Initial public offering and financing of biotechnology start-ups: Evidence from Japan

This study explores the initial public offering (IPO) and financing of biotechnology start-ups in Japan. Using a unique data set, we find that biotechnology start-ups initially backed by venture capital (VC) firms and those originating from universities are more likely to go public within a shorter period. Moreover, we find that neither staged financing nor syndication by VC firms is associated with higher IPO value relative to investment. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the timing of IPOs does not depend on equity market conditions in the biotechnology industry, whereas IPO value tends to depend on equity market conditions. We discuss the factors that explain these findings, which contradict findings in previous studies of VC investments.     

Stroke phase discrimination in breaststroke swimming using a tri-axial acceleration sensor device

Our previous study has demonstrated that the swimmer’s wrist acceleration in the crawl stroke and the breaststroke had distinctive characteristics between subjects (Ohgiet al. 2000). In addition, stroke phase discrimination could be achieved for the crawl stroke by using the swimmer’s wrist acceleration. This study provides evidence that the swimmer’s tri-axial wrist acceleration could be used for stroke phase discrimination in the breaststroke. Swimmers’ triaxial wrist accelerations were measured and their underwater stroke paths calculated. The authors examined the characteristics of the wrist acceleration, such as a local maximum or minimum, with reference to the swimmers’ stroke paths. As a result, it was suggested that the three phases of the breaststroke, the recovery, the insweep and the outsweep, could be distinguished using thex-axis (ulnar-radial axis) and they-axis (distal-proximal axis) acceleration. This methodology allows us to identify which stroke phase would be changed in skill training or over training, and the acceleration sensor device has the potential to become a precise stroke pedometer or stroke monitoring tool in the near future.     

我国传统体育保健专业人才培养的思考

传统体育保健是中华民族传统文化的重要组成部分,在几千年历史长河的积淀中,体现出其独特的健身养生功效。在健身养生备受大众关注的今天,传统体育保健人才的需求日显突出。文章立足于社会对传统体育保健人才的需求现状,找出培养传统体育保健人才的制约因素并提出可行性建议,以期为该专业的顺利发展提供一定的理论参考。     

学术期刊双“效益”辨析及其出路探讨

在学术期刊双“效益”问题上,存在不同看法,作者认为,目前我国学术期刊还不能说已经进入市场,也不能讲究本身的经济效益,只能讲求其社会效益,加强经济核算。通过考察国内外学术期刊的办刊模式,在市场经济的今天,我国学术期刊的出路在于（1）依赖国家财政拨款;（2）走专业化之路;（3）刊登广告,以刊养刊。     

Neural correlates for numerical processing in the manual mode

This paper reports a study designed to examine the neuronal correlates for comprehending the signs of American Sign Language representing numerals in deaf signers who acquired Japanese Sign Language as their first language. The participants were scanned by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) twice on the day of the experiment. The results of the measurements revealed that upon learning that the signs actually have numeric meaning, a network of brain areas is activated immediately. Many of these areas have been previously implicated in numerical processing. The similar neural network of brain regions responsible for numerical processing exists on a nonlinguistical basis and works to retrieve arithmetic facts from presented linguistic material regardless of the mode of the language.     

独立学院班主任工作的问题与建议

独立学院自身的特点和学生的特点,决定了独立学院班主任工作的特点。针对独立学院班主任工作目前的现状和所存在的问题,笔者提出一些建议,以期优化班主任工作,提高效率。     

Assessing the impact of a wildlife education program on Japanese attitudes and behavioral intentions

Human–wildlife conflicts are common in agricultural communities and mountainous villages in Japan. Tochigi prefecture has one of the highest amounts of agricultural damage caused by wildlife in the country. To reduce conflicts, the Nature Preservation Division of Tochigi Prefecture launched a wildlife damage prevention program. We evaluated the effects of this program on residents’ attitudes and behavioral intentions by comparing a model district receiving the treatment program to a nearby control district. We conducted a survey of all households registered either in the residential organization or telephone book in each district (n?=?423), with a 46% response rate. The model district did not differ from the control except for greater perceived behavioral control regarding wildlife damage among residents in the model district (F?=?3.83, df?=?1, p?=?0.05). An unanticipated outcome was the development of a community-based wildlife group in the model district. In both model and control districts, subjective norm (perceived social pressure to engage or not to engage in a behavior) was the strongest predictor of behavioral intentions, unlike results of studies conducted in the US.