Characteristics of High-Rated and Low-Rated Master's Degree Candidates in Counseling and Guidance

The relationship between intellective and non-intellective variables and counseling competence was investigated by comparing student counselors rated as falling within the top 25 percent in overall competence at the end of an evaluation seminar with their counterparts rated in the bottom 25 percent. Competence was operationally defined as a composite of knowledge of counseling theories and techniques, knowledge of and ability to use test data in counseling, and counseling skill. Significant differences between the high-rated and low-rated student counselors were observed on the dimension of chronological age, five of six intellective variables, and five of 11 non-intellective variables.     

Do you have a broken link in your accessibility chain?

Key points

• Accessibility of publications in academia is a non‐negotiable legal requirement.
• The accessibility of your journal or other scholarly publication is the most important design consideration in your workflow.
• EPUB Accessibility 1.0 and Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 provide a clear publishing pathway.
• Consider the readability chain: Any link can result in accessibility failure but an unbroken chain will benefit all readers.

     

Starting almost from scratch: Developing special collections as a teaching tool in the small academic library

This article presents strategies on how small academic libraries—where instructional efforts are often limited to information literacy initiatives—can expand their pedagogical efforts by way of book history instruction by developing a small but capable rare books collection used solely as a teaching tool. Discussed are methods for locating hidden collections and the removal of materials from general stacks to rare book shelving, the advantages and limitations of the one-shot instructional session, methods of earning administrative buy-in that can lead to small rare book acquisitions budgets, and promotional and collaborative strategies to build university-wide support. The article concludes with strategies on how to develop a three-credit undergraduate course on book history taught by a librarian using a rare books teaching collection acquired by modest expenditure and careful selection.     

Enabling team learning in healthcare

This paper is based on a study of learning processes within 35 healthcare therapy teams that took action to improve their services. The published research on team learning is introduced, and the paper suggests it is an activity that has similarities with action research and with those forms of action learning where teams address collective problems to enhance organisational performance. The paper proposes factors within the teams and in the teams’ environments that enabled team learning, in particular, within the team, the behaviours of team leaders to encourage learning, communication, planning, action and review, and in the teams’ environments, the behaviour of senior managers and other stakeholders in positions of authority, access to effective information systems, and the availability of a modest amount of resource to enable team learning.     

My Last Shot: Make the Economy Ours

We have reified the concept of economy. I review some illustrations of the current use of economy and argue for making the economy our concept. It is too important to leave to economists.     

Spatial ability and achievement in introductory physics

This research was undertaken to clarify the nature of the relationship between visual-spatial abilities and achievement in science courses. A related purpose was to determine what influence visual-spatial abilities have on the high attribution rate characteristic of many introductory college-level science courses. Three sections of introductory college level physics (S = 136) and one nonscience liberal arts section (S = 52) received pre- and postmeasures of visual-spatial ability in the areas of perception, orientation, and visualization. Increases in visual-spatial abilities were greatest with an experimental section that received a spatial intervention. These gains were related to test items that utilized graphical form and to laboratory work. Substantial gains in visual-spatial ability were also registered by a placebo and by control sections. These increases suggest that taking introductory physics improves visual-spatial abilities. Although students who withdrew from the course demonstrated mathematics skills comparable to those of students who completed the course, their scores on perception tests were appreciably lower. Visual-spatial scores of the liberal arts group were lower than those of the physics sections, suggesting that visual-spatial ability influences course selection.     

Political issues in the evaluation of in‐service programmes for teachers

Chadwick, G.F. “Political issues in the evaluation of in‐service programmes for teachers,” Revue ATEE Journal 3 (1980) 207‐214.

The article focuses on the political dimensions of course evaluation. It begins by looking at the external and internal pressures faced by staff evaluating in‐service teacher training courses in a polytechnic. The suggestion is made that in‐service education courses at North East London Polytechnic attempt to change the power balance between training institutions and teachers working in schools, through developing teacher awareness and competence. Some of the difficulties faced by this approach are considered: (1) the inherent conservatism of the profession; (2) constraints imposed by the accepted style of evaluation; (3) overall agreement on aims; and (4) the difficulties of teachers in classrooms.     

The relationship between author gender and the methods and topics used in the study of college students

The research on college students published between 1969 and 1983 in eleven periodicals was used to examine the substantive topics and research methods preferred by male and female authors. Gender differences persisted over the fifteen year period and became sharper after 1975.     

Individualizing instruction through pacing procedures

Conclusion The ideal outcome of individualized instruction is both effective and efficient instruction. Confining ourselves to a consideration of fixed-paced instruction which is offered because the medium requiredhappens to be fixed-paced in character, how can such instruction be both effective and efficient? When slow, it tends to be effective but inefficient. Unless it can be demonstrated that slow students can be sped up, inefficiency may be the price that must be paid to make effectiveness possible for them. The trade-off is no different than that which is currently necessary in selfpaced instruction. The research described in this paper was performed under a grant (No. 7-48-0000-159) to the Metropolitan Pittsburgh educational television station, WQED, from the Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, under Title VII of the National Defense Education Act of 1958. The research was performed under the direction of George L. Gropper, principal investigator.