一类捕食与被捕食系统的稳定性分析

带有疾病的捕食与被捕食系统是非常重要且不可忽视的。提出并分析了一类被捕食者带有疾病的捕食与被捕食系统。在建模中,假设捕食者具有Holling II型功能反应函数。通过对特征值的分析,给出了平衡点的稳定性。     

当代科技查新工作业务拓展新探索

本文针对高校科技查新工作的特点,提出科技查新工作应该积极拓展业务范围,充分发挥科技查新人才优势。主要从学科馆员工作、定题服务、文献教学、科研工作等方面,对高校科技查新工作的扩展延伸方向进行了新的探索。     

略论工程伦理及工程类大学生的道德教育

工程和伦理属于两个不同的系统。工程师对社会伦理秩序有着广泛的影响,那种认为“工程师的社会责任就是做好本职工作”的观念已经过时。在“义”与“利”、“善”与“恶”等两难抉择中,工程师必须做出自己的决策。大学应当既教会工程类学生作“理性的思考”,又要教会他们作“伦理的思考”。     

中国传统文化中的境界学说及其当代教育意义

追求人生的境界是中国传统文化的精髓。中国传统文化中的境界学说以儒释道三家为代表。儒家文化注重人性修养、道德养成与人生境界的提升,以推崇“圣贤”作为其境界追求;道家主张让人超越名利,通过出世修行,摆脱外在干扰,获得真正的自由与解放,成为“真人”是其境界追求;佛教侧重通过“戒、定”获得“慧”,去除欲望,消除痛苦,最终达至“圆满”之境界。新儒家将传统境界学说推向新的高度,形成了“多层次”的境界思想。教育从本质上是培养人的活动,是人文化成的过程,而境界则是人之为人的重要精神标识,也是教育的根本价值指向。中国传统文化中的境界学说对于当代的教育具有重要的意义,即培育有境界的人是当代中国教育的理想追求;强调体悟、践行是当代中国教育的行动逻辑;注重家国一体是当代中国教育的重要使命;开展境界教育则是当代中国教育的必要途径。     

How silicon fertilizer improves nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient availability in paddy soil?

In order to reveal the mechanism of silicon(Si) fertilizer in improving nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) nutrient availability in paddy soil, we designed a series of soil culture experiments by combining application of varying Si fertilizer concentrations with fixed N and P fertilizer concentrations. Following the recommendations of fertilizer manufacturers and local farmers, we applied Si in concentrations of 0, 5.2, 10.4, 15.6, and 20.8 μg/kg. At each concentration of added Si, the availability of soil N and P nutrients, soil microbial activity, numbers of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and P-decomposing bacteria which means that the organic P is decomposed into inorganic nutrients which can be absorbed and utilized by plants, and urease and phosphatase activity first increased, and then decreased, as Si was added to the soil. These indicators reached their highest levels with a Si application rate of 15.6 μg/kg, showing values respectively 19.78%, 105.09%, 8.34%, 73.12%, 130.36%, 28.12%,and 20.15% higher than those of the controls. Appropriate Si application(10.4 to 15.6 μg/kg) could significantly increase the richness of the soil microbial community involved in cycling of N and P nutrients in the soil. When the Si application rate was15.6 μg/kg, parameters for characterizing microbial abundance such as sequence numbers, operational taxonomic unit(OTU)number, and correlation indices of microbial community richness such as Chao1 index, the adaptive coherence estimator(ACE)index, Shannon index, and Simpson index all reached maximum values, with amounts increased by 14.46%, 10.01%, 23.80%,30.54%, 0.18%, and 2.64%, respectively, compared with the control group. There is also a good correlation between N and P mineralization and addition of Si fertilizer. The correlation coefficients between the ratio of available P/total P(AP/TP) and the number of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AP/TP and acid phosphatase activity(AcPA), AP/TP and the Shannon index, the ratio of available N/total amount of N(AN/TN) and the number of ammoniated bacteria, and AN/TN and AcPA were 0.9290, 0.9508,0.9202, 0.9140, and 0.9366, respectively. In summary, these results revealed that enhancement of soil microbial community structure diversity and soil microbial activity by appropriate application of Si is the key ecological mechanism by which application of Si fertilizer improves N and P nutrient availability.     

志存高远 营造创新人才成长的环境

21世纪国力的竞争取决于创新人才的竞争。应当看到 ,我国的高等教育和人才培养与发达国家相比还有较大差距 ,如学科前沿比较落后 ,培养的人才视野比较狭窄 ;研究生创新精神比较弱 ,创新意识不强 ;培养方式、内容、方法落后等。因此 ,必须树立争创世界一流的意识 ,建设创新人才成长的社会环境和学校环境。     

离子注入烟草育种的探讨

本文介绍了低能重离子用于生物育种的国内外现状 ,阐述了我所自 1 990年用于烟草育种各方面取得的成效。从种子萌发到苗期生长 ,当代产质量的表现 ,遗传生理效应 ,变异后代选育的结果及有等研究的课题和离子注入育种的应用前景     

一种智能控制方法在多变量控制系统中的应用

讨论了一种仿人智能控制方法,并将其具体应用于二输入二输出的液位控制系统。实践结果表明,用该方法可以使输出稳、快、准地达到给定值。